坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)叶绿体DNA 的快速提取

以阴干的坛紫菜叶状体为材料，通过酶解等方法获取完整的叶绿体．再裂解叶绿体并酚仿抽提获得叶绿体DNA．限制性内切酶Hind Ⅲ和EcoR Ⅰ双酶切及RAPD检测结果显示：叶绿体DNA与基因组DNA的酶切图谱及RAPD图谱均有比较明显的差异．多次重复实验证明，按此法提取的叶绿体DNA．其得率稳定，并可用作PCR扩增的模板及酶切图谱的构建等．该方法操作简便．过程快捷．可作为大型海藻叶绿体DNA提取的参考方法．     

完整叶绿体提取方法的优化探讨

本文为寻找更经济、快速、高效的提取完整叶绿体的优化方案,以菠菜叶片为材料,分别用差速离心法和密度梯度法提取完整叶绿体。本文通过改变差速离心的离心转速、使用不同介质的等渗溶液、加入纯化步骤,并使用光镜观察和分光光度法测叶绿素含量对提取叶绿体的得率进行检测比较。从实验结果看,差速离心法更加简单、高效。     

盐生杜氏藻的完整叶绿体分离

盐生杜氏藻(Dunaliella salina)是世界上最耐盐的一种单细胞真核绿藻,可在含0．1～5．0mol／L NaCl的培养液中正常生长．盐生杜氏藻细胞内的主要调渗物质是甘油,在甘油代谢途径中,3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶是一个关键酶．近年来的研究表明杜氏藻(Dunaliella tertiolecta)细胞质和叶绿体中都存在3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶的同工酶,且叶绿体上的同工酶与渗透调节作用直接相关,为了解D．satina中3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶同工酶的细胞定位和分布,我们通过冰浴超声波破碎和蔗糖密度梯度离心,获得盐生杜氏藻的完整叶绿体,用相差显微镜镜检、酶的活性分析等方法对其完整性作了初步分析。     

菠菜Fe—SOD的叶绿体定位

以新鲜菠菜（ＳｐｉｎａｃｅａＯｌｅｒａｃｅａ）为试验材料，用漂浮和蔗糖密度梯度离心相结合的方法分离、纯化了叶绿体．纯化的叶绿体经超声波破碎后，进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶梯度电泳和抑制剂处理，结果表明叶绿体中含３条Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ谱带、３条Ｆｅ－ＳＯＤ谱带（１条为主）和２条Ｃｕ·Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ谱带．其中Ｆｅ－ＳＯＤ活性约占总活性的３８．８％．     

一种简便快捷的植物线粒体质粒DNA的提取方法

介绍了一种从植物材料中提取线粒体质粒DNA的方法,该方法不需要密度梯度离心和有机溶剂油提,整个提取过程可在较短时间内完成,该方法简便,快捷,效果好,对拷贝数低的线粒体质粒DNA得率高。     

HL—60细胞系基因组文库的构建

从培养的HL-60细胞中提取出高分子量的基因组DNA,以EcoRⅠ部分酶解,蔗糖密度梯度离心得到15～30kb的插入片段。以PEG8000沉淀,CsCl密度梯度离心提纯EMBL4噬菌体DNA,以EcoRⅠ,EamHⅠ双酶解得到左右臂,连接、包装得到9.7×10~5个重组体.随机检测了4个重组体,其插入片段平均为19kb.对于19kb的插入段,特定DNA序列达到99％检出率所需的重组体为7.3×10~5(Pfu).     

水稻叶绿体基因文库及物理图谱构建达到国际先进水平

杭州大学生物系和复旦大学协作,共同完成了一项在分子生物学领域居国际领先地位的科研成果——水稻叶绿体DNA基因文库及物理图谱构建。该项研究工作采用的分离纯化水稻ctDNA的方法,具有操作简便、重复性好、得率高以及不经C_3Cl超离心纯化即可用于分子生物学研究的特点,适合于国内实验室的条件应用。建库选用的载体,其克隆容量大,文库完整性好,而且便于快速分析插入     

叶绿体DNA分析技术及其在植物系统学研究中的应用

叶绿体DNA在植物系统学研究中已得到广泛应用。综述了DNA杂交、DNA限制酶谱分析、RFLP分析、PCR_RFLP分析、微卫星序列分析、SSCP分析和核酸序列分析等叶绿体DNA分析技术的原理、特点及应用     

Charon30噬菌体DNA

Charon 30噬菌体是由Rimm D.L等改造的,其DNA长度为46.76Kb。经限制性内切酶BamH I切去中间非必需的DNA片段后,其左右两臂分别为22.6Kb和9Kb长,可作为真核基因文库的载体。能容纳15—20Kb的真核基因片段。Charon30噬菌体DNA制备中,通常采用氯化铯密度梯度离心分离纯化噬菌体,而超速离心的时间需20小时以上,或两次超离心,既费时间又不经济;另一种快速方法即预先制备氯化铯的梯度溶液,然后再超速离心两小时。我们实验了这两种方法,获得了     

浅谈叶绿体基因组分析技术在植物系统学中的应用

本文对植物叶绿体基因组做一简介,包括叶绿体基因组的发现、结构与特点、编码基因、进化特点和遗传方式。综述了DNA杂交、DNA限制酶谱分析、RFLP分析、PCR-RFLP分析、微卫星序列分析、SSCP分析和核酸序列分析等叶绿体DNA分析技术的原理、特点及应用。阐述了叶绿体DNA在植物系统学研究中广泛应用的利弊。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-