Fe填充碳纳米管微波吸收材料的研究

实验采用二茂铁热分解原位沉积法制备了金属Fe填充碳纳米管复合雷达吸波材料.高分辨透射电镜观测证实了Fe在碳纳米管内的填充发生,填充的金属Fe在碳纳米管内呈准连续的纳米线.采用HP8722ES矢量网络分析仪测量了样品在2～18 GHz频率范围内的复介电常数和复磁导率.采用吸收屏理论公式计算材料反射率损耗、匹配频段及匹配厚度.结果表明,样品反射损耗随吸收层匹配厚度的增大,吸收峰向低频方向迁移.吸收层在Ku波段具有较好的吸波效果.当吸收层匹配厚度为3.5 mm时,在中高频范围内,反射衰减最大达-22.73 dB,反射衰减小于-10 dB的频宽达4.22 GHz.     

核壳粒子复合材料电磁波吸收层的吸波特征数值模拟

基于电磁波吸收和反射的基本理论,在探讨核壳粒子复合材料的等效电磁参数的基础上,针对核壳粒子复合材料的电磁波吸收层的吸波特征及其厚度的优化设计展开研究.分别探讨了由核壳粒子复合材料组成的单层和双层电磁波吸收层的吸波特征,给出不同入射角下功率反射系数与电磁波波长以及吸收层厚度之间的关系,确定其最佳电磁波吸收厚度.通过比较可以得出在同等条件下,含核壳粒子吸收层的吸收性能明显优于传统的常规材料吸收层.     

W型锶铁氧体/片状Co微晶双层吸波涂层特性

水热法合成片状Co微晶材料,其在2~18GHz频段具有高介电常数和大的介电损耗.将片状Co微晶与W型锶铁氧体构成阻抗渐变的双层吸波涂层,对在2~18GHz频段其反射损耗随着各层厚度的变化关系进行表征.结果表明,双层吸波涂层具有涂层薄、吸收强和频带宽特性.如:当钴涂层和W型锶铁氧体涂层的厚度分别为0.8、1.2 mm时,最大反射损耗达到-50dB;反射损耗小于-8dB时的频带为8.64~12.08GHz.     

梯度羰基铁/碳纤维增强复合超材料的多尺度结构及超宽频电磁波吸收性能

先进电磁波吸收材料对薄厚度、轻重量、宽频带、强吸收等综合性能提出了更高要求。在此,我们提出了一种具有梯度电磁特性的新型层状台阶吸波超材料。通过在环氧树脂中分散不同含量的羰基铁和碳纤维来获得不同复介电常数和复磁导率的材料。通过对各层材料的电磁参数和几何尺寸实现宽频吸波性能的优化。在相同厚度和相同各层材料电磁参数条件下,平板层状结构在2.0–40 GHz范围内只能实现小于?6 dB的反射损耗,而本文设计的层状台阶超材料实现了小于?10 dB的电磁波吸收。此外,层状台阶超材料在11.2–21.4 GHz和28.5–40 GHz的频率范围反射损耗小于?15 dB。根据实验和仿真结果,本文讨论了多尺度结构协同效应所引起的多种电磁波吸收机制。因此,将多层结构和周期性台阶结构结结合获得新型的梯度吸收超材料,可为宽频电磁吸波材料的设计和研制提供新的思路。     

左右手材料的双层吸波体的设计与仿真

根据传输矩阵法和递推法导出了多层吸波体的反射率公式.利用遗传算法对吸波体各层参数进行了优化设计.分别仿真了右右手材料双层吸波体,右左手材料双层吸波体,左右手材料双层吸波体,左左手材料双层吸波体的反射率随频率的变化曲线.研究结果表明,右左手双层吸波体的性能最好.左手材料作为损耗层时反射率随频率的变化曲线出现多峰现象,有利于频带的展宽.     

具有中空多壳结构的BaTiO3/TiO2@聚吡咯复合材料的制备及其吸波性能研究

信息时代的迅速发展带来了不可忽视的电磁污染问题,吸波材料在电磁污染、信息安全等领域发挥着重要作用。理想的吸波材料应当具有涂层薄、吸收强、频带宽、机械性能好等优点。BaTiO₃属于传统的介电损耗型吸波材料,拥有较高的介电常数,然而吸收强度低、有效频带窄等缺陷限制了其发展应用。通过材料纳微结构的调整以及成分的复合对BaTiO₃进行改性处理,是提高材料吸波性能的有效方法。本文旨在开发一种吸收强度高、有效频带宽的BaTiO₃基复合吸波材料。以碳质微球为模板,采用次序模板法合成了中空多壳层结构（HoMS）的TiO₂微球,经原位水热将TiO₂转变为BaTiO₃,再通过吡咯蒸气聚合在BaTiO₃/TiO₂ HoMS壳层上包覆聚吡咯（PPy）,成功制备了具有不同壳层数目的复合吸波材料。利用矢量网络分析仪对不同BaTiO₃基复合吸波材料的电磁参数进行测试,分析了不同复合结构对材料吸波性能的影响。研究结果表明,包覆了PPy的BaTiO₃基复合材料表现出更加优异的吸波性能。其中,三壳层BaTiO₃/TiO₂@PPy HoMSs的吸波性能最佳,有效吸收频宽达4.20 GHz,在13.34 GHz处反射损失最小,为?21.8 dB,吸波涂层的最佳匹配厚度仅为1.3 mm。中空多壳层结构不仅能够延长电磁波的传输路径,同时为不同损耗机制材料的复合提供了丰富的调控空间,实现了吸波性能的提高。     

含随机分布散射颗粒的吸波体设计和性能分析

单层致密平板吸波材料除几个特殊的吸收峰外,很难在较宽的频段达到理想的吸收效果．通过在吸波体内导电媒质的“孤岛”化设计,制备了单层非连续体平板吸波材料．测试结果表明,在8～18GHz频段内,热压平板媒质只出现两个特征吸收峰值,含炭20％吸收效果最好,但超过10dB的有效频段只有约1GHz．而非连续体平板吸波材料由于和空间波阻抗的良好匹配以及内部“孤立”颗粒对电磁波的散射和吸收衰减,其反射损耗有较大提高;而且随着平板试样中“孤立”颗粒炭含量的增加,平板对电磁波的反射损耗也增加,当炭含量达到30％时,平板的反射损耗在8．5～18GHz宽频范围内都超过10dB,有效频段在10GHz以上．     

复合型阻抗加载微波吸收材料的研究

研究了遗传算法在复合型阻抗加载微波吸收材料设计中的应用,分别对多层铁氧体吸波材料和复合型阻抗加载吸波材料的厚度和结构进行了优化计算.理论分析结果表明,随着阻抗加载电路在多层铁氧体吸波材料中的加入,3 mm厚和5 mm厚的吸波材料的吸收性能分别提高了20 %和10 %,而且在频段上也更加符合宽须吸收的要求.     

应用粒子群优化算法设计多层微波吸收材料

构造体现"薄、宽、低"设计要求的目标函数,利用粒子群算法优化设计得到多层材料的结构参数,研究材料匹配后的吸收效果与介质材料本身效果的关系,分析了不同材料匹配对吸收性能的影响。结果表明,具有不同吸波性能的材料匹配可以显著提高多层材料的吸波性能。     

嵌入频率选择表面的薄层宽带磁性吸波材料研究

介绍一种在两层磁性材料之间嵌入频率选择表面的薄层复合吸波结构的宽带吸收特性.频率选择表面由金属方环阵列和低耗介质板构成,其上层、下层磁性材料为不同电磁参数的羰基铁复合物.不加频率选择表面的传统磁性吸波材料若想在宽带取得良好的吸收效果,需要较大的厚度和面密度,导致其应用范围受限.引入频率选择表面能够增强复合吸波结构的吸收频带,并有效减薄吸波结构的厚度.在阻抗匹配条件下,电磁能量主要通过金属单元的欧姆损耗和底层磁性材料的磁损耗进行吸收.为了验证该复合吸波体的吸波性能,在电磁仿真软件HFSS 15.0上搭建模型,而后根据仿真结果对结构参数不断进行优化.最终的仿真结果表明,复合吸波材料厚度为2 mm,2 GHz处反射率可达-5.5 dB,在3.4 G～9 GHz频段反射率为-10 dB,在9 G～18 GHz频段反射率依旧达到-8 dB以下.而无频率选择表面的复合吸波材料,在同等条件下,虽然峰值吸收率较大,但在12 GHz以上吸波性能快速恶化,难以满足宽带吸波的要求.因此,含频率选择表面的复合吸波体具有吸收频带宽的优势,具有广泛的应用前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-