使用国产环氧树脂LXEP-120固定化脂肪酶研究

使用国产环氧树脂LXEP-120对猪胰脂肪酶进行固定化,研究其固定化工艺的最佳条件,并且对固定化酶和游离脂肪酶的酶学性质作初步的比较。结果显示,最佳固定化条件为:选用pH6.0、1.0mol/L的磷酸钾缓冲液,载体投放量5.0g,固定化温度22℃,固定化时间12h。最终得到的固定化酶酶活400U/g,酶活回收率92.79%,固定化酶重复使用10次后仍保持70%左右的酶活。与游离酶相比,固定化酶的最适反应pH(pH8.0)没有变化,最适反应温度(45℃)提高5℃,pH耐受性、热稳定性和重复使用性显著增强。同时,固定化酶具有较好的储存稳定性。研究结果证明国产环氧树脂LXEP-120在工业酶的固定化应用上具有很好的应用潜力。     

海藻酸钠固定化β-葡萄糖苷酶的制备及其性质研究

在活性炭、明胶等8种固定化载体筛选的基础上研究了以海藻酸钠为载体,戊二醛为交联剂固定化β-葡萄糖苷酶的条件,并对固定化酶的酶学性质及其在催化制备大豆异黄酮活性苷元染料木素中的应用进行了研究。β-葡萄糖苷酶在0.20%戊二醛溶液中交联2 h后再与20 g/L海藻酸钠混合,然后逐滴加到4 g/LCaCl2溶液中,固化1 h后过滤、洗涤得固定化β-葡萄糖苷酶,固定化酶的酶活回收率为83.67%。固定化酶的最适温度、热稳定性、pH值稳定性以及与底物的亲和力都有所提高,最适pH值基本不变。该固定化酶重复使用6次后其活力仍保持90.94%,染料木苷转化率达60.02%。     

透明圈法筛选柚苷酶高产菌株

在前人的研究基础之上,初步研究设计和实验了一种改良的柚苷酶平板透明圈筛选模型。在本实验室保藏的10株柚苷酶菌株中,3号黑曲霉产酶活最高,摇瓶产酶达251.93 U/mL,经平板分离纯化,得到3-54号菌株,摇瓶产酶达385.207 2 U/mL。     

谷胱甘肽双功能合成酶固定化研究

对谷胱甘肽双功能合成酶(GshF)固定化载体进行了筛选,最终选择氧化石墨烯(GO)作为GshF的固定化载体,并对其固定化条件和固定化酶学性质进行了探讨。结果表明,固定化体系最优pH为8.0,温度为4℃,固定化时间为30 min,此时最大加载率达到90%,酶活回收率为45%。固定化体系中温度和pH的适用范围都得到了进一步提高。另外,对固定化酶的贮存稳定性和循环利用性进行了研究,结果表明在常温条件下贮存时,游离酶在第3天就几乎完全失活,而固定化酶仍保留约63%的酶活力。在重复循环利用6次后,固定化酶的酶活力仍保持在80%左右。     

环氧树脂LX-120固定化脂肪酶

目的:探究国产环氧树脂LX-120固定化脂肪酶的工业化应用潜力.方法:使用环氧树脂LX-120对脂肪酶进行共价固定化研究,通过正交实验优化了固定化条件并考察了固定化酶的操作稳定性.结果:最佳固定化条件为:反应时间3 h,反应温度30℃,p H 6. 5,给酶量600 U.由上述条件制备所得的固定化酶酶活为(357. 03±7. 09) U/g,酶活回收率高达95. 42%.与游离酶相比,固定化酶的热稳定性和酸碱稳定性均有明显提升.连续反应10次,固定化酶的酶活仍保留64. 21%,操作稳定性较好; 4℃下储存30 d,固定化脂肪酶仍保留78. 14%的活力.结论:环氧树脂LX-120在脂肪酶等工业酶的固定化技术中有较好的应用前景.     

葡萄糖氧化酶-过氧化氢酶共固定研究

以弱碱性阴离子交换树脂D301T为载体,对过氧化氢酶（CAT）和葡萄糖氧化酶（GOD）两种酶进行分次固定,并对固定化条件进行了优化。所得最佳工艺条件为：共固定化酶采用先固定CAT,再固定GOD的顺序进行,其中CAT 0.5 mL,GOD 0.25 mL。所得CAT蛋白结合量为1.07 mg/g,固定化效率为46.71%;GOD蛋白结合量为1.58 mg/g,固定化效率为43.62%;每mL GOD酶液的表观酶活为47.98 U/mL,每g载体中GOD的酶活为12.0 U/g。以戊二醛作为交联剂,体积分数取0.5%,交联时间取15 min时,所得固定化酶表观酶活达到最大值,为14.66 U/g,固定化酶连续反应10批后,其酶活为初始值的85.3%,显示出固定化酶具有良好的操作稳定性。     

裂解多糖单加氧酶纳米花固定化研究

本文利用新型无机晶体复合物磷酸铜作为载体，对裂解多糖单加氧酶cx-LPMO-B进行固定化，研究其固定化过程的最适条件，并对游离酶及固定化酶的酶学性质进行对比。结果显示：在搅拌条件下，向含有裂解多糖单加氧酶pH=7.4 0.01 mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中滴加硫酸铜，可形成酶-磷酸铜纳米花，即cx-LPMO-B-NF;在25℃、14 h、酶含量为0.3 g/L条件下制备得到的cx-LPMO-B-NF活性最高，固定化酶重复使用6次后仍能保持60%以上的酶活；扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)发现cx-LPMO-B-NF结构呈现分散均匀且单一的盛开花朵状；固定化酶最适反应pH=4.0,最适反应温度50℃。固定化酶重复使用性显著增强，花状结构增加了其表面积，更加有利于对游离酶的固定化，反应条件较温和使其具有较高的工业化应用前景。     

固定化木瓜蛋白酶的研究及其应用

从8种载体材料中选取自制的氨基含量约2．878mmol/g的甲壳质作为固定化载体,采用吸附交联法,以戊二醛为交联剂,对木瓜蛋白酶进行固定化。17．5mg/g的固定化酶／载体比较,pH6.5,5℃下,先吸附10min,再以0．7％的戊二醛终浓度交联12h,所得固定化酶酶活回收可达52．0％,酶活力为3．54U／g。固定化酶在65℃以下,溶液酶在55℃以下稳定;固定化酶在pH7.0以下稳定,溶液酶在pH6.0以下稳定;5℃条件下,固定化酶贮藏半衰期为183d;以酪蛋白为底物,固定化酶的操作半衰期可达27d。用固定化酶水解甲壳胺,产物分子量小于10 000的甲壳胺低聚糖得率约为45．55％。     

重组毕赤酵母生产β-葡萄糖苷酶发酵条件优化及固定化研究

为了实现绿色木霉菌Trichoderma viride来源的β-葡萄糖苷酶在重组毕赤酵母中的高效表达,对重组菌P.pastoris KM71/pPIC9K-bgl1/pPICZ A-pdi进行3.6L罐发酵培养条件优化。结果表明,当诱导温度28℃,初始诱导菌体浓度50g/L,诱导阶段甲醇体积分数1.0%时,酶活力最高,能达到1452U/mL。同时以壳聚糖为载体、戊二醛为交联剂,采用吸附交联法对β-葡萄糖苷酶进行固定化。结果表明,当壳聚糖质量浓度0.03g/mL,戊二醛质量浓度0.008g/mL,游离酶添加量400U/g(1g壳聚糖微球加酶量为400U),固定化吸附时间20h时,固定化酶酶活回收率最高,达到65.4%。以800g/L葡萄糖为底物,优化的转化条件下连续转化6次,低聚龙胆糖产率仍达到15.2%,显示出该固定化酶具有较好的持续利用性及较高的低聚龙胆糖生产能力。     

固定化柚皮苷酶解转化制备普鲁宁

选择D101-1大孔吸附树脂固定化反应底物柚皮苷,考察α-L-鼠李糖苷酶水解柚皮苷转化普鲁宁的工艺条件,结果表明,其最适条件为:α-L-鼠李糖苷酶用量30 U/mL,最适酶反应温度60 ℃,pH=4.0,底物质量浓度2.4 g/L,振荡速率80 r/min。在此条件下酶解反应420 min,柚皮苷转化率达到78%。此外,研究发现,高浓度的Mn2+、Fe2+对酶解反应有极强的促进作用。Lineweaver-Burk双倒数拟合曲线的Km=5.12 g/L,Vmax=0.013 g/(L·min)。利用薄层色谱(thin layer chromatography,TLC）和高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）对酶解产物进行分析,并验证得出,反应完全后可得到纯的反应产物普鲁宁。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-