室温固相法合成纳米FeOOH及Fe2O3

首次报道了通过室温固相反应法,以FeCl3@6H2O和KOH为原料合成纳米FeOOH,将FeOOH分别在400、600、800℃焙烧2 h,即可得到纳米Fe2O3.通过对产物进行TGA-DTA、XRD、IR、TEM和BET表征,结果表明,FeOOH及无定形Fe2O3粒径均在10 nm左右,而α-Fe2O3的粒径为50nm.室温固相法合成纳米FeOOH及Fe2O3操作简单、转化率高、污染少,制备的产物具有粒径小,粒度分布均匀,无团聚现象,比表面较大等优点.对此反应的反应机理进行了初步探讨.     

Fe3O4纳米粒子在气液界面上与Gemini分子的组装

以共沉淀法制得的十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)改性的纳米Fe3O4溶胶作为亚相,在其气/液界面上与Gemini表面活性剂分子进行了组装,用表面压与单分子面积曲线测定、透射电镜(TEM)和布儒斯特角显微镜(BAM)等手段进行了表征.结果表明:SDBS表面修饰后的Fe3O4纳米粒子表面带负电荷,平均粒径约为10 nm;Fe3O4粒子受到Gemini分子中阳离子头基的吸引进入Gemini单分子层,使得其平均单分子面积从1.00 nm2增加到1.28 nm2,崩溃压从34 mN.m-1升高到40 mN.m-1;通过控制Gemini单分子层的表面压在12~15 mN.m-1范围内,Gemini分子形成聚集并规则地排列形成六边形的区域分布在气/液界面上,Fe3O4纳米粒子受到Gemini分子的静电作用进入Gemini单分子层,在气/液界面上组装成具有六边形形貌的Gemini-Fe3O4复合单分子膜.     

利用除尘灰合成非正分铁的氧化物

为了研究N2H4·2H2O的用量及pH值对产物的影响,以除尘灰的H2SO4浸渍液经铁粉还原得到的FeSO4溶液为原料,采用一步水热法,用水合肼(N2H4·2H2O)在碱性介质中氧化合成非正分铁的氧化物(γ-Fe2O3)x(Fe3O4)1-x (0≤x<1).通过控制溶液的pH值可以得到纯Fe3O4组分,将其磁性能与Fe(Ⅲ)/ Fe(Ⅱ)比为2.0的浸渍液直接水热合成的Fe3O4的磁性能进行了比较,结果表明:除尘灰的H2SO4浸渍液中加入铁粉还原所得FeSO4,经N2H4·2H2O氧化制得的样品的磁性能优于后者.     

Fe3O4纳米粉体的制备与表征

化学共沉淀法制备了纳米Fe3O4粉体,采用无水乙醇和水按体积比6:1作为溶剂,研究了溶剂中乙醇同时作为溶剂和分散剂对纳米Fe3O4粉体制备的作用.考查了氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾等强碱和氨水作为沉淀剂对纳米Fe3O4粉体制备的影响;pH值对产物的影响;Fe3+与Fe2+的摩尔比对产物的影响.采用X射线衍射仪、高分辨透射电镜、差热分析仪及傅立叶红外仪等对产品的成分、形貌及热效应等进行了表征.结果表明制得的立方晶体纳米Fe3O4粉体平均粒径在20nm之内,而且粒径分布比较均匀.     

平炉尘合成超细Fe3O4的反应条件研究

包头钢铁厂的平炉尘含铁量高,粒径微细,并以γ-Fe2O3为主,经过提纯分级可以作为生产超细磁性材料的原料.利用同晶型间的拓扑转化原理,在有Fe2+离子存在及避免氧化的条件下,将平炉尘转化为超细尖晶石型铁酸盐Fe3O4.并和离子反应对比,对其反应条件进行了研究.     

四氧化三铁纳米粒子的简易合成法及其性能

以尿素铁配合物([Fe(CON2H4)6](NO3)3)为前躯体,采用溶剂热法和直接热分解法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子,并对两种制备方法进行了比较.用XRD、N2吸附-解吸、磁性测定和透射电镜等手段对制得的样品进行表征.结果表明,制备方法和制备条件对产物性能的影响较大;用溶剂热法制备的Fe3O4纳米粒子的晶粒较小,具有超顺磁性;用直接热分解法制备的Fe3O4纳米粒子的晶粒较大,具有强磁性.     

溶剂热合成纳米Fe_3O_4及其性能表征

采用溶剂热还原方法,以FeCl3.6H2O和乙二醇为原料,采用双表面活性剂,在180℃条件下合成了粒径从72 nm到447 nm的纳米Fe3O4粒子,研究了NaAc.3H2O在体系中的作用,探讨了反应时间,铁源浓度和表面活性剂等反应条件对产物的影响.利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD),傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对产物进行了分析和表征.结果表明NaAc.3H2O在反应中起着引导产物生成和分散剂的作用,Fe3O4粒径受反应时间,铁源浓度和表面活性剂的影响.合成的Fe3O4粒子显示出高的磁性能,在生物医药方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

基于反滴加-共沉淀法的水基Fe3O4磁流体制备及性能表征

用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米微粒,并用聚乙二醇(PEG)为表面活性剂进行表面修饰,制备稳定的水基Fe3O4磁流体,考察加料方式、铁盐浓度、表面活性剂用量等条件对Fe3O4纳米微粒粒径的影响,并用红外光谱及X射线衍射表征磁性颗粒的化学成分和晶体结构.结果表明:加料方式是影响产物粒径和磁性的重要因素,反滴法制备的磁流体粒径更小,磁性更强;铁盐浓度越高,磁流体粒径越大;随PEG质量浓度增大,磁流体粒径先减小后增大;n(Fe3+)=n(Fe2+)=0.3 mol/L,c(PEG)=50 g/L为最适宜的反应条件;未经包覆的Fe3O4纳米粒子平均粒径为15 nm,PEG包覆后粒径约为20 nm,呈现出核-壳结构.     

水基Fe3O4磁流体的制备和磁光特性

以FeSO44@7H 2O(AR),Fe(NO3)3@9H2O(AR),NH3@H2O(AR)为原料,用水热法制备纳米Fe3O44粒子;通过选用合适的分散剂来克服磁性颗粒的沉降,采用超声波分散的方法,制备在重力场和磁场中稳定性好的磁流体.研究了影响水基FeaO4磁流体性能的主要因素,得到最佳条件Fe(NO3)3@9H2O和FeSO4@7H2O的量比为1.75,水热反应温度为160℃,反应时间为5 h,1.5 g Fe3O4分散于100 mL水中所需分散剂的用量为0.75 mL.所制备的产物经XRD和粒度仪检测,结果表明产物为单一相的Fe3O44,水基Fe3O4磁流体体系的粒径在100nm以下.     

氧化沉淀法制备纳米Fe3O4及其类Fenton催化活性

通过化学氧化沉淀法制备出球形和八面体形貌的Fe3O4纳米颗粒,对其进行XRD、Raman和SEM等表征。以合成的纳米Fe3O4催化H2O2氧化降解橙黄Ⅱ,考察了不同形貌Fe3O4的类Fenton催化活性。结果表明:使用化学氧化沉淀法制备Fe3O4,在低pH(8~9)条件下所得到的产物呈类球形,高pH(13)条件得到的产物为八面体形貌,其粒径均在210nm左右,并且结晶良好。Fe3O4/H2O2体系能有效降解橙黄II,并且催化反应主要发生在Fe3O4表面,最佳催化条件为pH 3.0、温度40℃。类球形Fe3O4纳米颗粒的催化活性高于八面体Fe3O4,并且Fe3O4具有良好的化学稳定性,重复使用4次效果稳定。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.