我国金枪鱼渔业发展战略探析

一、概述金枪鱼渔业是以金枪鱼类为捕捞对象的渔业。金枪鱼类种类繁多,主要有三大类,即金枪鱼类,旗鱼、箭鱼类和小金枪鱼类。现主要利用的种类有长鳍金枪鱼、肥壮金枪鱼、黄鳍金枪鱼和鲣鱼等。金枪鱼是高度洄游性鱼类,洄游范围遍及世界各大洋区和沿岸水域,是真正意义上的远洋渔业资源。由于金枪鱼经济价值较高,世界上许多远洋渔业国家和地区都十分重视对金枪鱼资源的开发利用。我国于1988年在太平洋揭开了金枪鱼生产的序幕。但由于金枪鱼的捕捞、冷藏及加工对设备和     

世界金枪鱼渔业现状分析

本文论述了世界金枪鱼渔业发展的历史、主要金枪鱼的种类组成，研究、分析了1964－1999年世界金枪鱼类的总产量、主要金枪鱼种类的产量以及世界三大洋各渔区、各主要生产国家（地区）的生产情况和几种主要金枪鱼的资源利用状况。结果表明：世界金枪鱼类的产量呈持续稳定上升的态势，但各鱼种、渔区、国家（地区）的产量升降不一，几种主要金枪鱼的资源开发利用程度差异较大。     

台州地区金枪鱼渔业发展途径探讨

台州地区金枪鱼渔业发展途径探讨李恩林（台州地区钓流渔业公司，椒江３１７７００）ＡＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＴＵＮＡＦＩＳＨＩＮＧＩＮＴＡＩＺＨＯＵＤＩＳＴＲＩＣＴＬｉＥｎｌｉｎ（ＴａｉｚｈｏｕＤｉｓｔｒｉｃｔＤｒｉｆｔＮｅｔ－ＨｏｏｋＦｉｓｈｅｒｉｅ...     

大洋水库蓝藻绿色生态治理技术研究与应用

本文分析研究了大洋水库实施洁水渔业养殖、平衡库体生物链、调节蓄放泄管水等一系列技术措施取得的成效,提出蓝藻绿色生态治理技术的应用,有利于更好地走"绿水青山就是金山银山"的绿色生态发展之路。     

蓝鳍金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼遗传多样性的AFLP分析

利用选择性扩增片断长度多态性分子标记技术(Amplified fragment length polymorphism,AFLP),分析了采自日本九州海域蓝鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus thynnus)和台湾海域黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacares)野生群体的遗传多样性水平.结果表明:9 对选择性引物在 2 种金枪鱼中共扩增出675个位点(100～750 bp),其中蓝鳍金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼多态位点分别为388个和368个.蓝鳍金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼的多态位点比例、Shannon 遗传多样性指数分别为57.48%和54.52%,0.330 1和0.301 8.AMOVA分子方差分析显示:种间遗传分化中,83.79%的遗传变异由种间贡献,而16.21%的变异分布于种内个体之间.同其他鱼类比较,2 种金枪鱼显示了较为丰富的遗传多样性水平,其种质资源处于较好的水平.研究结果将为我国蓝鳍金枪鱼和黄鳍金枪鱼的资源保护与合理利用提供重要的理论依据.     

水库生态牧场绿色发展模式与技术对策的思考

水库渔业是我国淡水渔业的重要组成部分, 在保障优质水产品供给、维持生态平衡、促进渔民增收等方面发挥着重要作用。近年来, 随着资源与环境约束日益加大,水库渔业发展方式亟需转型升级。文中分析了水库渔业发展现状及面临的问题与挑战, 探讨了生态渔业发展的理论基础、绿色渔业模式和生态养殖技术方法, 提出了相关的建议。     

南太平洋所罗门群岛海域长鳍金枪鱼的生物学特征

根据2011年8-9月南太平洋所罗门群岛海域长鳍金枪鱼资源调查数据,对捕获的长鳍金枪鱼群体组成、性比、性腺成熟度、摄食等生物学特性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)南太平洋延绳钓渔业捕获的长鳍金枪鱼个体较大,叉长为77.5～112.9 cm,优势叉长为93～103 cm(67.2%),平均叉长97.6 cm,雌性与雄性个体大小存在显著差异(P<0.05);(2)体重(W,kg)与叉长(FL,cm)关系分别为:W=4×10-5FL2.829(9总体),W=10-4FL2.565(9雄性),W=6×10-5FL2.764(7雌性);(3)雌、雄性别比为1:1.94,成熟期雌性个体性以Ⅴ、Ⅵ期为主(94.4%),雄性个体以Ⅲ、Ⅳ期为主(65.7%)。推测南太平洋长鳍金枪鱼在调查海域及调查期间存在产卵行为;(4)长鳍金枪鱼在繁殖期间摄食水平较低,摄食等级以0、1级为主(81.1%),其中空胃率占56.6%。平均饱满度指数较低,且与个体大小无关(P>0.05)。     

我国渔业经济的现状与发展对策

我国渔业产业经过多年发展,在养殖、加工、捕捞、贸易等各个方面都取得了举世瞩目的成就。特别是改革开放以来,渔业对于提高人民群众生活水平、增加渔民收入、建设社会主义新农村发挥了重要作用。但同时也面临着一些新的问题,新的考验,如环境保护问题、水产品质量安全问题、产业组织化水平低问题,等等。本文结合目前国内渔业发展形势,结合发展过程中存在的问题,对我国渔业经济的未来发展提出了对策建议。     

鱼类多样性与中国渔业的可持续发展

鱼类多样性是生物多样性的重要组成部分，主要包括物种多样性、生态系统多样性和遗传多样性3个层次.介绍了我国丰富多彩的鱼类多样性，分析比较了鱼类多样性与渔业可持续发展的相互作用及关系，对渔业可持续发展概念的提出的演变含义，以及把它作为我国渔业发展的战略进行了综述，探讨和提出了我国为实施渔业可持续发展而亟须进行的鱼类多样性保护的一些措施和行动.     

长江以南沿海六省区渔业经济区域类型划分

利用2002年我国长江以南沿海的浙江、福建、广东、广西、海南和江苏省区的渔业发展统计资料．结合我国水产业的特性和发展状况,建立渔业技术经济综合评价指标。选取生产总量、生产率等14个指标．利用灰色星座聚类法初步划分这6个省区的渔业经济区域类型。结果表明。我国长江以南沿海6省区的渔业经济发展水平不一致,大致可以划分为4个发展档次。渔业发展属于发达的为广东省,较为发达的有福建省和浙江省。中等发达的是江苏省．不发达的是广西壮族自治区和海南省。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-