我国金枪鱼渔业发展战略探析

一、概述金枪鱼渔业是以金枪鱼类为捕捞对象的渔业。金枪鱼类种类繁多,主要有三大类,即金枪鱼类,旗鱼、箭鱼类和小金枪鱼类。现主要利用的种类有长鳍金枪鱼、肥壮金枪鱼、黄鳍金枪鱼和鲣鱼等。金枪鱼是高度洄游性鱼类,洄游范围遍及世界各大洋区和沿岸水域,是真正意义上的远洋渔业资源。由于金枪鱼经济价值较高,世界上许多远洋渔业国家和地区都十分重视对金枪鱼资源的开发利用。我国于1988年在太平洋揭开了金枪鱼生产的序幕。但由于金枪鱼的捕捞、冷藏及加工对设备和     

大眼金枪鱼资源利用状况分析

对世界大眼金枪鱼最近10年总渔获量以及太平洋、大西洋和印度洋的各渔区渔获量变化情况进行了统计分析；同时对大眼金枪鱼洄游分布，渔期变化及其海洋环境条件进行了论述；在此基础上，对今后合理利用、保护大眼金枪鱼资源在生产决策、渔场渔期选择以及加强对大眼金枪鱼中心渔场与海洋环境关系的科学研究方面提出了建议与措施。     

泰国金枪鱼罐头出口研究

泰国拥有丰富且品质优良的农产品原料,农业是当前泰国经济的重要组成部分。金枪鱼罐头一直是泰国海产类罐头的一个重要品种,泰国是世界金枪鱼罐头的主要产地。根据联合国的贸易统计数据,自1989年以来,泰国的金枪鱼罐头生产和出口量一直居世界第一位。泰国金枪鱼罐头出口到世界100多个国家和地区,其中对美国出口量最大,依次是欧盟和澳大利亚。     

我国大洋性金枪鱼渔业发展探讨

从分析金枪鱼类主要经济种类的资源状况着手,阐述了我国远洋金枪鱼渔业的发展现状及存在问题,探讨我国今后发展大洋性金枪鱼渔业的紧迫性、重要性,并进一步提出了发展大洋性金枪鱼渔业的对策.     

黄鳍金枪鱼资源利用状况分析

对世界黄鳍金枪鱼最近20多年来渔获量情况、渔场分布、渔期变化及其海洋环境条件进行了分析、研究。对今后合理利用、保护黄鳍金枪鱼资源在生产决策，渔具、渔场、渔期选择以及加强对黄鳍金枪鱼资源利用、保护的科学研究方面提出了一些建议与措施。     

青蟹Scylla serrate(Forskal)离体卵人工孵化的实验

北部湾是著名的渔场之一,广西在北部湾的底拖网渔业产量,历年来平均占总产量的70%以上,是广西的主体渔业。近十年来,北部湾拖网渔业的渔获种类及其数量都发生了较大的变动;其变动对渔业生产影响很大。本文根据广西在北部湾底拖网渔业的即时生产记录资料,按作业渔区和作业月份分别论述了主要渔获种类的分布和变动情况,并就高产渔区以及几种主要经济鱼类的分布和变动作了重点论述,最后对北部湾拖网渔业生产提出了建议。     

山西历山自然保护区藤本植物资源研究

从藤本植物的种类组成、生活型、攀援方式、生态功能以及经济价值方面度分析了山西历山国家自然保护区藤本植物的多样性.结果表明：（1）该区共有藤本植物43科、89属、140种（包括变种）;（2）草质藤本和多年生藤本占绝对优势,分别占藤本植物种类的72.9%（木质藤本占27.1%）和68.6%（一年生占31.4%）;（3）主要由含少量藤本植物的科、属组成,含5种以下的科占83.7%,属占96.7%,但藤本种类的数量主要集中在少数几个大科中,59.3%的藤本属于豆科、葡萄科和葫芦科等7个大科;（4）攀援类方式分为缠绕类、攀援类、卷须类、吸固类、铺展类和寄生类6大类;（5）许多种类的藤本植物具有水土保持、改良土壤和美化环境等生态功能并具有重要的经济价值,主要有工业原料、药用、食用、饲用和观赏资源.     

井冈山资源昆虫调查I—药用昆虫资源

药用昆虫是指虫体全部或局部或其衍生物、分泌物及病理产物可以入药的昆虫，是重要的药用资源，在我国中医药产业中占有重要地位。井冈山具有多样的自然生境和丰富的物种资源，为了进一步摸清井冈山的药用昆虫资源本底信息，通过对井冈山地区药用昆虫资源的种类、分布、药性等开展了系统调查，研究结果发现：井冈山地区共有药用昆虫101种，隶属于12目52科，其中物种多样性最丰富的5个目是鞘翅目（15科26种）、膜翅目（7科15种）、直翅目（6科13种）、鳞翅目（7科12种）和半翅目（6科11种），合计种类占全部种类的76.2%。本研究梳理了井冈山药用昆虫研究现状和存在问题，并对我国药用昆虫开发、利用提出建议。     

芳香植物资源简介

芳香植物资源简介张丽琴（河南教育学院生物系，郑州４５０００３）我国属芳香植物资源丰富，种类最多的国家之一。据不完全统计，已知的芳香植物隶属５６科计３４０余种。目前在生产上已被利用的达１００多种。本文仅就重要的种类作些介绍。樟科（Ｌ８Ｏｒ８Ｃ６８８该科...     

试论攀西地区农业自然资源的开发利用

在分析攀西地区农业自然资源特点的基础上，总结了该区农业发展的3个主要特色。针对该区农业自然资源利用中存在的主要问题，提出了农业自然资源可持续利用的主要对策：（1）建立名优行新农产品生产基地，抓龙头企业，推进农业产业化进程；（2）调整资源开发结构，进行农业资源综合利用；（3）因地制宜建设生态农业，促进农业自然资源的可持续利用；（4）加强基础设施建设，把农村发展与农业资源开发结合起来。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the