Goldie*-补模的直和

称模M为G*-补模,若对于M的任意子模L,存在M的补子模N,使得(L+N)/L相似文献   

上有限H-补模的直和

模M称为上有限H-补模,若对于M的任意上有限子模L,存在M的直和项N,使得L+X=M当且仅当N+X=M,其中X是M的任意子模.给出上有限H-补模的一些性质,并证明对于上有限补模M=M1(+)M2,如果M1是M2-sjective(或M2是Mi-sjective),且M1和M2是上有限H-6模,则M是上有限H-补模.     

PSD-补模

设R是环,M是右R-模.称模M为PSD-补模,如果对于M的任意子模N,存在M的子模K,使得M=N+K且N∩K在K中是PSD的.给出PSD-补模的一些性质,证明对于duo-模M=M1M2,如果M1,M2是PSD-补模,则M是PSD-补模.     

直和补模和H-补模(英文)

模M称为直和补的是指M的任何一个子模都有一个是直和项的加补.模M称为H-补的是指,对M的任何一个子模A,都存在一个直和项L,使得A+X=M成立当且仅当M=L+X.本文主要给出了直和补模和H-补模的一些性质刻画.并证明了任何一个直和补模,如果其自同态环H满足Id(H)=S_l(H),则它有一个不可分的分解.     

к-弱补模

作为弱补模的真推广，引入к-弱补模的概念并给出弘弱补模的基本性质．证明к-弱补模的任意直和项是必K-弱模,设M=＋i^n=Mi，Mi（i=1，2，…，n）是M的完全不变子模．若Mi（i=1，2，…，n）是K-弱补模，则M是K-弱补模．设R是环．若J（R）=0，则RR是к-弱补模当且仅当R是左PP-环．     

K-弱补模

作为弱补模的真推广,引入K-弱补模的概念并给出K-弱补模的基本性质.证明K-弱补模的任意直和项是K-弱补模.设M=in=1Mi,Mi(i=1,2,…,n)是M的完全不变子模.若Mi(i=1,2,…,n)是K-弱补模,则M是K-弱补模.设R是环.若J(R)=0,则RR是K-弱补模当且仅当R是左PP-环.     

A-XY~*的Moore-Penrose逆

设A是一个C*-代数,对于任意的HilbertA-模K和H,令L(H,K)表示K到H上的可共轭算子全体,A是L(H,H)的一个可逆元,X,y是L(K,H)上的两个算子且满足X,Y,A-XT*都有闭值域.记X1=A-1X,Y1=(A-1)·Y,QX1=IH-X1X+1,QY1=IH-Y1Y+1,其中IH是H上的恒等算子,X+1,Y+1分别是X,Y的Moore-Pence逆.证明了Moore-Penrose逆(A-XY*)*=QX1A-1QY1的充分必要条件是:Y*1XY*1=Y*1,且XY*1X=X.     

相对伪主内射模

作为相对主内射模以及相对伪内射模的共同推广,给出了相对伪主内射模的定义,并对这一新的模类进行了研究.证明了相对主内射模以及相对伪内射模的部分性质对于相对伪主内射模仍然成立,并给出了相对伪主内射模的一些其他相关性质.主要给出了以下结论:N是M伪主内射模当且仅当对任意的s∈S=EndR(M),HomR(M,N)s{f∈HomR(M,N)|Ker(f)=Ker(s)};设M是自生成子右R模,且S=EndR(M),那么N是M伪主内射模当且仅当HomR(M,N)是伪主内射右S模;拟伪主内射模M满足C2条件.     

关于1型χ-C_(11)模

通过对 1型χ- C1 1 模的研究得出两个结论 :1°设χ是一个模类 ,以下叙述等价 :(1 )模 M是1型χ- C1 1 模 ;(2 )对于模 M的任意一个χ-子模 N,存在模 K|M,使得 K∩ N =0 ,且 K N≤ e M;(3)对于模 M的任意一个χe-子模 N,存在模 K|M,使得 K∩ N =0 ,且 K N≤ e M;(4)对于模M的任意一个χe-补子模 N,使得 K∩ N =0 ,且 K N≤ e M.2°设χ是一个模类 ,χ关于子模封闭 ,M =M1 M2 ,若 M1 ,M2 是 1型χ- C1 1 模 ,M1 或 M2 属于χ,则 M是 1型χ- C1 1 模 .     

正则模的几个特征性质

本文将正则环的一些性质推广到模中,得到如下主要结果:1.设M是R-模,N是M的S-R-子模。则M是正则的当且仅当(1)M是局部投影的;(2)N是M的正则子模;(3)M/N是正则的R/Ann_R(M/N)-模。2.R-模M是正则的当且仅当(1)M是局部投影的;(2)M是半素;(3)M的半素S-R-子模升链的并仍是半素的;(4)对于M的任意素S-R-子模N,M/N是正则的R/Ann_R(M/N)-模。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.