基于FPGA的R-64 FFT处理器的实现

快速傅里叶变换(FFT)处理器是大多数数字信号处理和数字通信系统的关键部件.文章实现了一种4 k(4 096)点改进的R-64(基-64)FFT处理器,相对于其他 R-4的流水线结构,具有占用资源更少、控制更简单等特点.该FFT处理器采用浮点数制流水线结构,能够连续处理输入数据,对R-4处理单元的改进减少了62.5%的复数加法器;该FFT处理器基于FPGA的系统时钟能够达到89 MHz,数据吞吐量为4 096 point/46 μs.     

基于CPLD实现可扩展(I)FFT处理器的设计

提出了基于CPLD(复杂可编程逻辑器件)实现傅立叶变换点数可灵活扩展的高速FFT处理器的结构设计以及各功能模块的算法实现,包括高组合数FFT算法的流水线实现结构、读/写RAM地址规律、补码实现短点数FFT阵列处理结构以及补码实现CORDIC(坐标旋转数字计算机)算法的流水线结构等,输入数据速率为20 MHz时,1024点FFT运算时间约为50 us.     

实时可重配置FFT处理器的ASIC设计

设计一种能够完成4,16,64,256或1 024点复数快速傅里叶变换(FFT)处理器芯片.16,64点运算采用基-4级联流水线结构,256,1 024点采用二维运算结构,数据采用块浮点表示.使用Synopsys公司的综合及布局布线工具在SMIC CMOS 0.18 μm工艺上进行ASIC实现.该处理器芯片在100 MHz时钟频率连续工作时,处理一组1 024点FFT序列需要24.8 μs,每隔10.24 μs输出一组1 024点运算结果.该处理器芯片已应用于某宽带数字接收机中.     

基于FPGA的块浮点FFT的实现

在分析基-2 FFT算法的基础上,提出一种用FPGA实现FFT的方法.用块浮点机制,动态扩大数据范围,在速度和精度间得到折衷;模块化设计,易于实现更多点数的FFT运算.采用Verilog语言编程实现,在Quartus II和Modelsim平台下进行逻辑综合和时序仿真,时序分析结果与Matlab计算结果相比较验证了程序的正确性.     

实序列的FFT计算机程序

离散富里叶变换(DFT)是数字信号处理中一个非常重要而又经常遇到的内容,它很容易在数字计算机上用快速富里叶变换(FFT)方法实现.在一般情况下,不论时间序列是实数或是复数,其频谱都是复值的,因此在用标准计算机程序进行N 点FFT 运算时,需要有2N 个存贮单元.如果时间序列是实序列,就可以利用实序列的某些性质来简化程序.通常有两种方法实现实序列的FFT 运算:一是利用N 点变换同时计算两个N 点实序列的频谱.一是用N 点变换计算一个2N 点实序列的频谱。     

基于FPGA的FFT处理器的研究与设计

提出了一种基于FPGA的64点定点快速傅立叶变换(FFT)的实现方案,并采用EP2C70型号的FPGA实现了处理器.该处理器采用按时间抽取的基 2算法和6级流水线结构,每级将乘法器的旋转因子输入端固定为常数而不是作为变量从ROM中读取,流水寄存中间数据结果.采用Verilog语言在RTL级上进行了编程实现,并进行了逻辑综合、时序仿真和硬件测试.硬件测试结果与Matlab计算结果吻合得较好,证明了方案设计和程序的正确性.该处理器具有运算速度快、精度高等优点,适合于高速信号处理的应用场合.     

超高速FFT处理器的研究

提出了在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)上实现512点基-8快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法的设计方案.方案采用了单芯片超高速的FFT处理器结构,满足了实时信号的处理要求.通过采用基-8算法、流水线结构以及32位的浮点数据,提高了FFT的运算速度并减少了FPGA内部的资源占用.本设计方案在100MHz的时钟下,完成了512点基-8 FFT运算需要,满足了高速数字信号处理的要求.     

FPGA实现流水线结构的FFT处理器

针对高速实时信号处理的要求,介绍了用现场可编程逻辑阵列(FPGA)实现的一种流水线结构的FFT处理器方案.该FFT处理器能够对信号进行实时频谱分析,最高工作频率达到75 MHz.通过对采样数据进行加窗处理来减少了频谱泄漏产生的误差.为了提高FFT工作频率和节省FPGA资源,采用了由1 024点复数FFT计算2048点实数FFT的算法.此外还介绍了一种计算复数模值的近似算法.     

基于FPGA的高速FFT处理器的设计与实现

针对高速实时信号处理的要求,提出了4096点快速傅立叶变换（FFT）处理器在现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）中的设计与实现方法。该方法采用了按频率抽取（DIF）基4算法和6级流水线结构,每级均采用FIFO存储器实现延迟功能,和四路转接器一起共同完成序列的码位抽取。为了避免数据溢出,采用块浮点结构来表示数据,节省了器件资源。实验结果表明,该方法在保证运算精度和实现复杂度的同时,提高了处理器的数据时钟频率和处理速度。     

素数因子算法的FFT处理器的设计

为满足FFT运算速度的要求,提出了一种易于FPGA实现的素数因子算法FFT处理器的硬件结构。其中数据存储采用了乒乓RAM结构来实现,可以扩大吞吐量;数据缓存使用FIFO来实现,可以减少一半存储空间的使用;运算模块使用素数因子算法结合流水线结构,在一定延迟后可以连续输出结果;增加地址排序映射可以实现数据正序输入输出。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-