基于翻转装置的某轻卡驾驶室结构强度分析

针对某轻卡驾驶室产生裂缝的问题,建立了轻卡驾驶室的有限元相关模型,并且进行了仿真与实验,得到了计算模态和实验模态,证明建立的模型可行.通过分析轻卡驾驶室结构与翻转装置之间的受力情况,得到了驾驶室各主要部件的结构强度计算结果,找到了驾驶室部件上强度最弱位置,为改进驾驶室或翻转装置结构提供了科学依据.     

飞行员推拉操纵杆动作的仿真与分析

建立飞行员骨肌模型和驾驶舱简化模型,采用控制变量法,分别以操纵杆相对驾驶员的3个坐标值为单一变量,为操纵杆设置3组7种情况.在Anybody软件中进行推拉杆动作的仿真,获取操纵杆在各个情况下的肩、肘关节力和手部受力数据,并对数据进行组内对比,得出在变量单独或单调协同作用下,各个力的值与杆相对飞行员的位置负相关,肩关节力数值最大且变化最为显著等结论.在设计飞机驾驶舱时,应在飞行员手臂的工作范围内合理增大操纵杆高度、适当远离身体放置,以减轻飞行员手臂受力.     

电动车辆驾驶室隔振系统建模与振动特性分析

针对电动车辆驾驶室的低频振动问题,首先建立了底部装有4个隔振器的驾驶室有限元模型,提出采用三个方向的非线性弹簧阻尼单元的方法来等效替代隔振器,并进行约束模态分析.根据模态分析结果,讨论了驾驶室晃动产生的原因,并在此基础上,给出了两种减小驾驶室晃动的隔振器设计改进方法.根据实际使用情况,对液阻型橡胶隔振器进行了设计和静力分析,改善驾驶室的乘坐舒适性,此外通过调整隔振器的安装位置有效地减轻驾驶室的振动,模态分析结果显示振型频率均有所提高,同时第4阶振型变为驾驶室后壁局部振动.最后,利用有限元仿真,对驾驶室隔振系统进行振动分析,结果表明调整隔振器安装位置后的驾驶室减振系统在低频路面位移激励下垂向振幅明显减小.     

CFRP在商用车白车身驾驶室中的轻量化研究

通过实验与仿真建立了CFRP复合材料的本构模型.对某商用车白车身驾驶室进行静刚度和动态力学分析,在满足驾驶室车身刚度要求的条件下,选取CFRP复合材料对驾驶室模型进行材料代替,设计了钢/CFRP混合材料结构的驾驶室模型,并以通用有限元软件nastran对其求解.仿真结果表明,轻量化后的驾驶室模型的刚度基本保持不变,一阶扭转频率提升了27.3%,同时白车身驾驶室整体质量下降37.9 kg,降幅达到11.3%,轻量化效果显著,CFRP复合材料在汽车轻量化领域具有广阔的发展前景.     

装载机驾驶室低频声分析与控制

针对装载机驾驶室中难以处理的低频噪声问题,分别建立结构声和透射声声场仿真模型,并进行驾驶室车内结构声和透射声数值仿真.同时验证驾驶室模型建立的准确性,确定驾驶室车内声场与结构声和透射声的关系,最后进行装载机驾驶室低噪声控制设计.结果表明,通过考虑可行性、经济性和轻量化,优化设计了驾驶室吸声和阻尼处理.以驾驶室人耳声压频响曲线为目标,对重要板件的厚度进行设计,改变了驾驶室结构模态与声场的耦合和隔声特性.从而使得驾驶室内噪声最高声压级降低了3.37 d B,总声压级降低了2.93 d B,取得了良好的低频声控制.     

重卡驾驶室结构优化顶盖静压仿真分析

对国内某重型卡车驾驶室白车身的原始车型使用HyperMesh软件建立有限元模型并进行轻量化设计后,参照欧洲经济委员会ECE R29法规试验要求,使用LS-DYNA软件对结构优化前后的模型进行顶盖静压模拟试验对比分析.根据仿真结果,从驾驶室的变形情况和驾驶员生存空间来看,该驾驶室顶盖强度足够好,满足法规安全要求.     

卡车驾驶室悬置最优阻尼匹配

根据卡车驾驶室单轮三质量行驶振动模型,对驾驶室悬置系统的最佳阻尼匹配进行研究,利用Matlab迭代积分,分别求解得到了三质量振动加速度和车轮动载幅频特性平方的积分表达式,并分别建立了基于舒适性和基于安全性的驾驶室悬置最佳阻尼比数学模型,在此基础上利用黄金分割优化设计方法,给出了舒适性和安全性相统一的卡车驾驶室悬置系统的黄金分割最优阻尼比.通过实例设计及仿真分析可知,所建立的驾驶室悬置最优阻尼比计算方法是正确的,对于卡车驾驶室悬置系统设计具有一定实际参考应用价值.     

工程车辆操纵杆寿命试验装置

设计了一种新型检测工程车辆驾驶室操纵杆寿命的装置,该装置采用单片机控制,可人为设定试验次数,机械设计部分采用平行双轨直线轴承方管框架结构,并具有故障自动报警和无人值守功能。试验证明,该装置可对三维动作的工程车辆的操纵杆的耐疲劳寿命进行精确测试。     

阻抗界面附近水下刚性柱形粒子的声辐射力

利用声辐射力来操控微小粒子的技术称为声操控.声操控在材料科学、超声给药、生物物理等领域具有广泛的应用前景,是声学领域的研究热点之一.声操控的核心是对声辐射力的控制,因而对声辐射力产生机理的研究对声操控技术的发展具有重要意义.以声波理论为基础,建立了水中阻抗界面附近刚性柱形粒子声辐射力的理论计算模型,结合柱函数加性定理,推导了平面波垂直入射时,阻抗界面附近水中刚性柱形粒子声辐射力解析表达式,并对粒子位于不同位置时,阻抗边界对刚性柱形粒子声辐射力的影响进行了仿真.数值仿真结果表明,在ka值较小时,声辐射力函数受界面的影响较大,并出现负的声辐射力.在ka值较大时,声辐射力受边界的影响相对较小,随着界面反射系数的增大,声辐射力的值逐渐减小.柱形粒子距阻抗边界的距离对声辐射力有影响,随着距离的增加,辐射力出现振荡变化.改变粒子的半径,声辐射力函数出现峰值的位置也会发生改变.这项研究为界面附近粒子的声操控提供了理论基础并有助于声操控技术的改善和发展.     

汽车驾驶室主动空气悬置的建模仿真分析

为改善车辆平顺性,在考虑汽车驾驶室的实际位置、半浮式和全浮式驾驶室悬置的特点后,选取了全浮式空气悬置作为研究对象,并通过弹簧特性试验研究了空气弹簧静、动特性曲线;运用Matlab/Simulink建立了八自由度驾驶室空气悬置模型,以滤波白噪声生成路面输入,仿真分析了汽车在B级路面下车速20 m/s、25 m/s及路面有凸块的三种行驶状况的振动;进而设计了模糊控制器,对驾驶室前后空气悬置采取主动控制后的状况进行了仿真分析;以驾驶员、驾驶室的振动响应及悬置动挠度为指标,评价车辆平顺性的变化程度,以此来研究主动空气悬置在改善车辆平顺性方面的效果。三种行驶状况的仿真结果表明,对驾驶室前后空气悬置采取主动控制后,驾驶员加速度均方根值分别减小了8.39％、9.32％、8.55％,驾驶室质心加速度均方根值分别减小了9.64％、11.85％、9.78％,驾驶室俯仰角加速度均方根值分别减小了20.15％、10.14％、20.11％,提高了乘坐的舒适性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to