电动车辆驾驶室隔振系统建模与振动特性分析

针对电动车辆驾驶室的低频振动问题，首先建立了底部装有4个隔振器的驾驶室有限元模型，提出采用三个方向的非线性弹簧阻尼单元的方法来等效替代隔振器，并进行约束模态分析.根据模态分析结果，讨论了驾驶室晃动产生的原因，并在此基础上，给出了两种减小驾驶室晃动的隔振器设计改进方法.根据实际使用情况，对液阻型橡胶隔振器进行了设计和静力分析，改善驾驶室的乘坐舒适性，此外通过调整隔振器的安装位置有效地减轻驾驶室的振动，模态分析结果显示振型频率均有所提高，同时第4阶振型变为驾驶室后壁局部振动.最后，利用有限元仿真，对驾驶室隔振系统进行振动分析，结果表明调整隔振器安装位置后的驾驶室减振系统在低频路面位移激励下垂向振幅明显减小.

Modeling and Vibration Characteristic Analysis of Cab Isolation System for Electric Driving Vehicle

To solve the problem of low frequency vibration in the cab of electric vehicle, a finite element model of cab with four isolators was established, and the nonlinear spring damping element in three directions was proposed to replace the vibration isolators. The constrained modal analysis was carried out. According to the results of modal analysis, the causes of cab shaking were discussed, and on this basis, two methods were presented to improve the vibration isolator design and reduce cab shaking. Considering the actual application condition, a hydraulic damping rubber isolator was designed and analyzed to improve the ride comfort of the cab. In addition, the installation position of the isolator was adjusted to reduce the vibration of the cab effectively. Modal analysis results show that the frequencies of the modes are increased, and the fourth order vibration mode can be transformed to the local vibration of the rear wall of the cab. Finally, the vibration analysis of cab isolation system was carried out based on finite element simulation. The results show that the vertical amplitude of cab vibration isolation system under low frequency pavement displacement excitation is obviously reduced after adjusting the installation position of the isolator.