实测数据驱动的小型植物三维重建研究

以小型植物为对象,根据植物的形态结构特点,采用三维数字化技术获取植物主干和枝条的空间信息,重建植物枝干骨架拓扑结构模型;然后以植物器官的三维网格模型为模板,结合不同器官在植物上的生长规律,实现植物形态结构的精细三维重建.实验结果表明,该方法能较好地实现不同类型小型植物不同生长时期植株形态结构的多分辨率三维重建,用户可以根据需要调整三维模型的精细程度,从而为开展植物株型分析研究、植物品种展示及植物三维资源库开发等应用提供了简单、灵活的技术.     

篌竹出笋成竹生长规律研究

对篌竹生长规律进行了研究。结果表明,篌竹出笋时间约始于4月8日,历时约32d,出笋初期出笋少,盛期、末期出笋数较多,但末期持续时间较长,退笋率随着笋期的推移先不断增加后下降。砍伐样方的成竹率比未砍伐样方的高。较早同生群幼竹高生长遵循逻辑斯蒂曲线方程,而较晚同生群幼竹高生长符合指数函数曲线方程,较早同生群的高度高于较晚同生群。     

基于空间结构的杉木枝下高可视化模拟研究

【目的】定量研究林分空间结构对杉木枝下高的影响,构建基于空间结构的枝下高模型,结合杉木生长模型,应用三维可视化技术,实现杉木枝下高可视化模拟。【方法】利用湖南省黄丰桥国有林场6块杉木人工林临时样地的调查数据,选择5个常用枝下高基础模型,分析水平空间结构参数(P_H)、垂直空间结构参数(P_V)和空间结构单元平均距离(d_DIS)及其组合对枝下高的影响,构建综合指标较好且变量少的枝下高模型。基于林分三维模型实时生成方法,建立一种枝干可控的杉木三维模型;结合单木胸径连年生长量模型、树高-曲线模型和冠幅面积估计模型,模拟林木的生长状态。【结果】Logistic模型综合指标较好且模型参数可解释,可选为基础模型;3个空间结构参数中垂直空间结构影响较为显著,将P_V加入到Logistic模型中,改善了枝下高模型的拟合效果,决定系数(R²)从0.717提升到0.741,估计值的标准差从1.407 m减小到1.321 m,并使各项模型检验误差指标有所减小;构建的杉木三维模型可以动态调节枝干,实现了杉木枝下高模拟。【结论】构建的枝下高模型可以应用于林木年龄和部分林分信息未知的杉木林中,体现了林木间的相互竞争影响;结合枝干可控的杉木三维模型,模拟杉木生长过程,形象直观地表现了杉木枝下高的变化,为进一步研究林分生长动态可视化模拟和森林经营可视化模拟提供支持。     

火龙果花和果实的动态发育规律研究

本研究观察了火龙果花朵和果实完整的动态发育过程,测量了其花的长度、宽度和重量等指标以及其果实的纵向直径、横向直径、重量等指标.结果表明:本研究建立了夏季火龙果花从冒芽到开花共20天的动态生长曲线,获得了花发育相关指标的动态规律;建立了果实从授粉结束到果实成熟共30天的动态生长曲线,获得了果实发育相关指标的动态规律.本研究结果可为火龙果的杂交育种及火龙果的施肥、灌溉和采收等种植管理提供理论参考.     

基于像散的并行全场三维检测新方法

基于像散原理，提出了一种全场并行三维检测新方法，该检测方法利用微透镜阵列产生的二维点光源阵列来实现并行像散光路，实现了对测量表面的全场同步检测．利用像散特性曲线中的线性关系，实现在较大采样间距下获得较高的轴向分辨率．介绍了并行全场三维检测的测量原理，对像散光学系统的性能参数和影响因素进行了分析和讨论，并进行了可行性实验．实验结果中像散特性与理论分析是基本吻合的，表明像散法在并行三维检测中可以应用．     

活体细胞三维荧光图像恢复中的荧光衰减补偿

针对三维荧光显微镜成像中的光致漂白效应导致的图像质量下降问题，提出了一种荧光衰减曲线测量方法，并基于测量的荧光衰减曲线给出双指数曲线拟合，将拟合曲线用于活体细胞的三维荧光图像恢复．在此基础上给出期望最大化算法国像恢复结果，并对恢复结果做出分析．结果显示本文的方法可以对三维荧光显微成像中存在的荧光衰减进行有效补偿．     

界面扩散控制晶粒生长动力学的计算机模拟

建立一个模拟晶粒生长过程的三维计算机模型，利用该模型可以方便地模拟不同条件下的晶粒生长过程，对不同温 度、体积分数和激活能条件下的生长过程进行了模拟运算结果表明：三维晶粒尺寸ｒ随时间ｔ演化的生长过程满足关系ｒ－ｔ＾１／ｎ，ｎ的值约为６，该模型的计算机模拟对纳米相生长动力学等实验具有一定的理论预见的指导意义。     

中国杉王整枝复壮后新枝生长研究

生长在贵州省习水县太坪村的中国杉王，栽植于宋代，距今己800多年，其树高达44．8米，胸径达238厘米，冠幅达21米，主干立木蓄积达88．94立方米，由于多年管理工作未及时跟上，出现了严重的顶端部份腐烂、枝干干枯、树冠部份出现病虫危害、枝叶发黄，新枝萌发明显减少，呈现出严重的树体老化现象。在2007年至2008年期间，经过多方面的调查、分析，研究，编制了《中国杉王整枝复壮工程实施方案》，经过综合治理，中国杉王新发枝的生长情况特别明显，通过采枝取样检测与附近不同树龄与林木当年新枝检测数据表明：经过整枝复壮技术处理后，取得了非常明显的成效。     

制冷工质R11池沸腾换热气泡行为的可视化研究

采用可视化实验技术对压力为0.1MPa的条件下、制冷工质R11池沸腾气泡行为进行了深入观察和分析．可视化实验结果表明，气泡底部微液层的蒸发对气泡的生长具有极其重要的作用．在气泡生长过程中，未发现气泡底部的微液层有液体补充．研究结果表明，随着壁面过热度的升高，气泡脱离直径与脱离时间减小，而气泡脱离频率升高．此外，通过对实验图像资料的分析，得到了气泡直径及气泡底部干斑直径随时间的变化曲线以及沸腾表面汽化核心密度随热流变化的关联式．基于实验结果，利用动态微液层模型对制冷工质R11的池沸腾曲线进行了预测，结果显示，预测值与实验值在高热流密度条件下符合较好．     

基于ArcGISEngine的洪水淹没三维可视化研究

在ArcGIS软件中,不能直接创建Multipatch模型,但是可以通过ArcGISEngine编程实现或导入其他建模软件的模型、本文以GIS的shapefile数据为基础,在skeethup中建立区域三维地形、房屋、植被等要素模型。采用水文动力的基本原理计算河道水位．并用C#结合ArcGISEngine创建水面TIN模型,利用ArcsceneControl控件创建三维场景,叠加三维地形仿真模型与水面TIN模型,对洪水演进模拟进行了可视化研究,实现了基于ArcGISEngine的洪水淹没三维可视化动态模拟。为利用AE,完成洪水淹没三维可视化研究提供了一种逼真的、简便有效的方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.