IEC-GCT阳极结构参数的优化设计

在分析IEC-GCT器件结构与工作机理的基础上,利用器件分析工具Silvaco模拟了IEC阳极结构的参数变化对IEC-GCT器件通态特性和关断特性的影响。结果表明,阳极区和短路区掺杂浓度及阳极短路比对通态压降和关断时间有较大影响,覆盖在p阳极上的氧化层宽度对通态特性影响较小,并给出了优化设计后的结构参数。     

非对称型GCT缓冲层的特性分析

通过分析非对称型门极换流晶闸管缓冲层的特性,提出了缓冲层结构的设计方法,根据该设计方法建立了门极换流晶闸管的结构模型,利用MEDICI软件对缓冲层的特性进行了模拟.模拟结果表明,引入缓冲层的GCT结构能够很好地调节阻断特性和通态特性,使GCT的综合特性得以优化.     

P基区结构对GCT通态特性的影响

介绍了非对称型门极换流晶闸管的P基区结构.在建立门极换流晶闸管器件模型基础上,利用MEDICI软件分析了P基区结构对门极换流晶闸管通态特性的影响.模拟结果表明,P基区的掺杂浓度和宽度对门极换流晶闸管通态压降有着重要的影响.通过调节P基区的浓度和宽度,可以有效地改善门极换流晶闸管的通态特性.     

电力SITH阳极造型对耐电容量的影响及提高

分析了影响电力静电感应晶闸管阻断电压BVAK的因素,提出了提高BVAK的方法,并构造了几种阳极结构.在实验了3种结构的基础上,给出一种新阳极造型.它有效利用了外延过程中在p-阳极区形成的轻掺杂n-层,在该层上进行条形p 重掺杂,为正向导通过程提供空穴注入,从而实现电导调制,降低通态压降.而未掺杂的透明阳极区则形成电流漏.实验表明,该结构不仅能有效增大阻断电压,同时利于关断过程积累电荷的抽取,加快关断时间,降低关断损耗.     

薄发射区晶闸管结构及特性的研究

在晶闸管的ｐｉｎ二极管模型基础上，提出了薄发射区晶闸管新结构，分析Ｐ发射区杂质总量ＱＥ对晶闸管通态压降Ｖｒ的影响，导出ＱＥ与Ｖｒ的关系式。分析计算表明，对一确定的宽度ＷＢ和厚度ＷＰ小于等于０．１μｍ时，随着ＱＥ的减小，Ｖｒ单调下降并趋于一几乎不变的值，当ＱＥ大于某一值时，Ｖｒ与ＷＰ无关，而是随基区宽度及发射层杂质总量的增加而增加，实验结果还表明，用ＬＰＣＶＤ原位掺杂制作的薄发射区晶闸管芯片样品，与     

镁电解槽电解质“沸腾”时氯气泡特性的研究

在实验室中应用石英透明电解槽研究了由于杂质SO_4和悬浮态MgO引起镁电解槽电解质“沸腾”时阳极上析出的氯气泡的特性;提出了应用氟化物添加剂预防和消除“沸腾”现象的措施。     

薄发射区晶闸管结构及特性的研究

在晶闸管的pin二极管模型基础上,提出了薄发射区晶闸管新结构.分析了P发射区杂质总量Q_E对晶闸管通态压降V_T的影响,导出了Q_E与V_T的关系式.分析计算表明,对一确定的宽度W_B和厚度W_P,在某一Q_E下有V_T极小值点存在;当W_P小于等于0.1μm时,随着Q_E的减小,V_T单调下降并趋于一几乎不变的值;当Q_E大于某一值时,V_T与W_P无关,而是随基区宽度及发射层杂质总量的增加而增加.实验结果还表明,用LPCVD原位掺杂制作的薄发射区晶闸管芯片样品,与普通晶闸管相比,有较好的速度特性.     

磷生铁和钢爪尺寸对铝电解槽阳极物理场的影响

铝电解槽阳极中,磷生铁和钢爪起到热、电和结构连接的作用.采用数值模拟的方法,研究了磷生铁和钢爪的尺寸对阳极物理场的影响.基于ANSYS有限元软件,建立了三维热-电-应力耦合模型.考察了不同的钢爪直径和磷生铁厚度对阳极的热-电-应力分布的影响.结果表明,钢爪直径不变时,随着磷生铁厚度从12.5mm增加到32.5mm,阳极温度场和应力的变化可以忽略,而阳极电压降降低了17.7mV.在磷生铁厚度不变的情况下,当钢爪直径从135mm增加到175mm时,阳极钢爪、炭块和磷生铁的温度最高可以降低50℃,阳极电压降降低了26.4mV,而阳极炭块的受力增加了.     

电解铝阳极压降改善的途径与措施

通过对铝电解用阳极的电能耗进行分析,从阳极结构组成方面详细分析了影响阳极压降的因素,对改善阳极压降的措施进行了总结和对比,综述了如何降低阳极压降是降低铝电解电耗的有效途径.     

大功率可控硅的正向特性理论

考虑到大注入下的电子—空穴等离子体散射效应并应用对称边界条件,本文建立起了一种大功率可控硅的正向特性公式。数字计算表明,所得新公式与Herlet的实验数据和我国华中工学院等的实验和生产数据较好符合。考虑到一机部部颁标准要求测元件的平均通态正向压降而不是瞬态通态正向压降,本文还进一步从瞬态压降公式导出了平均压降的公式,以供设计和产品质量检查时参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.