截短侧耳素产生菌原生质体的制备条件优化及再生

以截短侧耳素产生菌Clitopilus pinsitus为材料,通过单因素和正交实验,研究菌龄、酶系、酶浓度、酶解时间、温度及稳渗剂对C.pinsitus原生质体制备和再生的影响。实验结果表明,制备原生质体的最佳条件为:5d菌龄,0.4mol/L甘露醇稳渗剂,2.0%蜗牛酶和2.0%纤维素酶混合酶,25℃酶解1.5h,原生质体产量5.9×107个/m L,其再生率为1.2‰。实验为截短侧耳素高产菌株原生质体诱变育种奠定基础。     

紫杉醇产生菌原生质体的形成再生

考察不同浓度、不同种类的稳渗剂及不同浓度的酶液对紫杉醇产生菌的原生质体产率的影响;不同种类的稳定渗剂对原生质体再生的影响。结果表明,5％的酶液浓度,0．5mol/L KC辚稳渗剂原生质体产率最佳,以0．8mol/L kcl为稳渗剂原生质体的再生率最佳。     

沪酿3042米曲霉原生质体制备条件的研究

对影响沪酿3042米曲霉原生质体制备和再生的条件,包括菌龄、酶解温度、酶解时间、再生培养基的稳渗剂进行了研究。结果表明,当菌龄为10h,酶解90min,酶解温度30℃,用0.8mol/LNaCl作再生培养基的稳渗剂,原生质体的形成最好,为7×106个/mL,再生率为27.8%。     

黄伞原生质体制备与再生条件研究

探讨了渗稳剂种类、酶种类和浓度、酶解时间、酶解温度、菌龄等因素对黄伞原生质体制备和再生的影响．结果表明,其原生质体制备和再生的最佳条件是菌龄为7d,2％溶壁酶处理2．5h,酶解温度25℃,0．6mol／L KCl为制备时的渗稳剂及0．6mol／L甘露醇为再生时的渗稳剂,其原生质体的产率为2．16×10^7个／mL,再生率为0．52％．     

草菇原生质体的制备与融合研究

项目对低温草菇和高温草菇菌株进行了酶解制备原生质体及原生质体的融合进行了研究.研究结果表明:以融壁酶Novozym234对低温草菇和高温草菇酶解效果较好,酶解浓度为2.5%,稳渗剂以0.5Mol/L蔗糖为佳,pH值保持在8.5左右,以30%的助溶剂(PEG4000-6000)作为融合诱导剂进行草菇原生质体融合,并获得融...     

齿毛菌原生质体的制备与转化

探究菌龄、稳渗剂种类、溶壁酶质量浓度、酶解温度、酶解时间和再生培养基对齿毛菌原生质体制备及再生的影响,并利用PEG介导原生质体转化. 结果表明： 以0.6mol·L^-1甘露醇为稳渗剂,20mg·mL^-1溶壁酶于30℃酶解48h菌龄的菌丝3h,所得原生质体形成数最多,为1×10⁸个·mL^-1;所得原生质体在0.8mol·L^-1蔗糖为稳渗剂的2号培养基中再生率最高,为0.1%;PEG介导原生质体转化,经潮霉素B抗性平板筛选获得2个转化子. 实验建立的齿毛菌原生质体制备及转化体系,为其遗传操作及分子生物学研究奠定基础.     

紫外诱变原生质体选育高产L-乳酸菌株的研究

以干酪乳杆菌ZZ-L为出发菌株,对其原生质体制备条件进行了优化.结果表明,用为0.4 mg/mL的溶菌酶溶液和0.7 mol/L NaCl溶液作为渗稳剂对菌龄为22 h的干酪乳杆菌ZZ-L酶解时间110 min,原生质体的形成率为89.5%,再生率为47.7%,达到最佳水平.并对原生质体进行了紫外诱变育种.通过平板和静置发酵实验,筛选得到8株突变株产量比出发菌株高的突变株,其中菌株ZZ-06的L-乳酸产量达78.6 g/L,比出发菌种提高了20.7%,突变株ZZ06经12次传代,其遗传性状稳定.     

绣球菌原生质体制备及再生条件的初步研究

为进一步改善绣球菌栽培特性、提高栽培产量,对绣球菌原生质体制备与再生条件进行了初步探索.以绣球菌原生质体再生量为指标,对等渗剂、酶反应温度、pH和反应时间等影响因素进行了优化.结果表明,采用2%的溶壁酶溶解绣球菌菌丝细胞壁,制备原生质体的最佳条件是,以0.6 mol/L蔗糖为等渗剂,在30℃、pH值6.0环境下反应3 h.在此条件下,原生质体的再生量为11 850个/mL.     

Blakeslea trisporaH1^-原生质体制备与再生条件研究

以β-胡萝卜素生产菌株Blakeslea trispora H1-为研究对象,对其原生质体形成及再生条件进行了研究.得知最佳形成与再生条件为:以摇瓶方式培养菌丝体,培养菌龄为56 h,酶解温度为30 ℃,酶质量分数2.0%,混合酶组成为m(蜗牛酶)∶m(纤维素酶)＝6∶4,酶解时间为120 min,渗稳剂为0.6 mol/L MgSO4·7H2O.Blakeslea trispora H1-原生质体形成数为7.9×106 个/mL,再生率为3.9%.     

拟南芥叶肉细胞原生质体分离及影响因素

通过对拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)叶肉细胞原生质体分离条件的研究,探讨了酶解法制备拟南芥叶肉细胞原生质体的分离条件和影响因素.在不同纤维素酶质量浓度、山梨醇质量浓度、酶解液pH值、酶解时间下,测定了拟南芥叶肉细胞原生质体的产量.结果表明,在20 g/L纤维素酶、140 g/L山梨醇、pH=5.8的酶解液中,酶解时间为1.5 h,原生质体产量最高.同时,在相同分离条件下测定了拟南芥幼叶和老叶的原生质体产量,结果表明,幼叶原生质体产量显著高于老叶.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to