图书出版行业电子商务系统关键成功因素实证研究

首先提出了传统企业电子商务系统成功影响因素模型,之后以我国图书出版行业为实证研究对象,验证了模型的正确性.在对回收问卷进行有效性和可靠性分析的基础上,采用相关分析、回归分析等方法,识别出对电子商务系统成功的影响因素包括领导、战略、管理、组织、技术、客户因素、网站综合性能、面向客户功能;电子商务系统成功的关键影响因素包括客户、战略、技术因素、网站综合性能.     

IT绩效影响与组织规模调节效应:来自机械行业的实证分析

信息化浪潮为传统制造业发展提供了机遇和挑战. 但是, 如何描述和测量信息化投入对组织绩效的影响, 一直是困扰国内外相关领域研究者和实践者的重要问题. 研究构建了一个概念模型, 尝试探索信息化基础建设、 专项业务应用和协同集成等信息化行动模式对组织绩效的影响, 以及组织规模变量的调节效应. 基于重型机械行业企业的调查数据, 研究运用结构方程模型进行了实证分析, 并探讨了分析结果的理论价值及对信息化建设路径选择的实践意义.     

A Critical Systems Approach to Elicit User-Centric Business Intelligence Business Requirements

This paper describes an action research study where the researcher developed and tested an alternative business requirements elicitation approach that enables reflection on business intelligence business requirements from a social/organisational perspective and, accordingly, surfaces user-centric requirements that support development of systems that are technically good and effectuate organisational improvement. It is based on critical systems heuristics, a framework that facilitates participative discourse to surface contributing and consequential factors of a planned social system, i.e. relevant sources of motivation; expertise; inflicting and controlling boundaries; and sources of moral and political justification acting as guardians for all that will be impacted upon by the adjusted social reality caused by the new system. Such an approach is valuable to developers of business intelligence systems; it complements traditional requirements gathering approaches. Present-day organisations require efficacious decision-making capabilities to succeed—business intelligence systems enable efficacious decisions. However, business intelligence systems often fail, at great expenses to organisations. They fail due to social/organisational infeasibility, rather than technical insufficiency; they fail when developers lack adequate understanding of users’ business requirements. Appropriate business requirement specifications entail more than definitions of functional, non-functional and technical attributes of new systems. Business requirements must also capture the social/organisational context of a system, i.e. the impact that it will inevitably have on users and the organisational environment, so as to ensure that it ultimately bring about improvement. The approach developed in this study enables elicitation of user-centric business requirements.

     

关于信息技术外包资源管理模式的研究

信息技术外包（ＩＴ Ｏｕｔｓｏｕｒｃｉｎｇ）是对信息技术（ＩＴ）资源管理、发展的新思维方式．一般情况下，信息技术外包有利于降低成本、提高信息技术质量和应用水平、优化公司营运业绩．但如果没有完善的信息技术外包资源管理体制，信息技术外包使公司失去对信息技术应用的控制权或控制能力，丧失对市场反应的适应能力．本文初步探讨信息技术外包资源管理模式，提出了以发展战略组、法律事务组和实施监察组三个专家组为核心的管理模式，并从专家组的职能、人员构成、可能发生的问题及相互关系进行讨论     

Co-evolution:A New Perspective for Business Model Innovation

This paper combines the perspective of co-evolution with studies in the area of business model, reveals the phenomenon of business model co-evolution and explores the business model coevolution mechanism between firms through a case study. Findings and what other companies can learn from this study are as follows. Firstly, companies, be it leaders or not, can act as enablers for other party's business model innovation. Secondly, companies can enable each other's business model innovation by taking the perspective of business model co-evolution; Thirdly, the interdependence of the business model co-evolution process can be explained by the four levers named novelty, lock-in,complementarity and efficiency. Companies can select novelty, lock-in, complementarity, efficiency or the combination of the four as mediators to achieve business model co-evolution.     

数字平台商业模式创新：综述与展望

厘清数字平台商业模式创新机理具有重要理论和实践意义，但已有研究对此理解并不清晰。基于商业模式创新过程视角，通过梳理已有文献，在界定数字平台概念基础上，围绕平台边界设计和边界资源部署，探讨数字平台如何进行商业模式创新，并指出未来研究方向。研究结论包括：（1）互补者和互补品双重不确定性是数字平台商业模式创新的驱动因素；（2）资源、互补和生态边界设计是数字平台商业模式的核心，是管理互补者和互补品不确定性从而促进价值共创的重要手段；（3）边界资源是建立、管理和维护跨边界关系的手段，能够影响价值创造与获取。     

基于MC-SFA模型的我国信托业经营管理效率评价

将MC (Monte-Carlo模型)与SFA (随机前沿分析, stochastic frontier analysis)相结合, 以2004年到2008年的数据对我国20家信托公司的经营管理效率进行评价. 运用MC模型构建合理有效的管理环境指标; 将DEA模型引入SFA模型中, 对比剔除管理环境因素前后的经营效率. 经过实证检验, 我国信托公司的总体发展水平和资本实力相对较低是导致信托公司经营效率低下的主要原因. MC-SFA模型作为企业经营管理效率(management efficiency)实证研究的技术基础,为推动信托公司提高经营水平提供很好参考.     

信息技术初期接受扩展模型及其实证研究

在技术接受模型(TAM)以及有关信息技术采纳方面的其他研究成果基础上,提出了一个在中国环境下针对使用者信息技术初期接受的扩展模型,并使用该模型,在某商学院内,针对本科新生对某英语电子学习系统的初期认知和接受情况进行了问卷调查.根据回收的121份有效问卷,利用结构方程模型统计方法,对该信息技术初期接受扩展模型进行了实证检验.分析结果表明,模型中提出的多数因素对使用者的近期使用意图和远期使用意图有着直接或间接的显著影响,该模型对于个人用户初期信息技术采纳行为具有较好的解析作用.在此基础上,可展开跨时间维度的纵向跟踪调查.     

The Use of Critical Systems Heuristics to Surface and Reconcile Users' Conflicting Visions for a Business Intelligence System

This paper describes an action research study where the business requirements analysis approach of a business intelligence development project was enriched. Critical systems heuristics, a critical systems methodology that is positioned in the critical systems thinking paradigm, was applied to surface the inherently conflicting views and visions (however unknown to them) that the various stakeholders had regarding a new business intelligence system and its underlying business process. It therefore enabled surfacing of human/cultural and organisational issues that would have negatively affected the adoption of the new system; these were successfully resolved. Accordingly, the various stakeholders reflected on their real requirements that constituted improvement, rather than mere automation, of a business process; it ultimately resulted in a successful new business intelligence system that realised business benefits.     

Working Within Organizational Cycles—A More Suitable Way to Manage Action Research Projects in Large Organizations?

This article proposes that action research projects in a large business context may need to fit within organizational funding and political cycles. It outlines some of the problems that may occur in attempting to implement an action research project in a large organization. It gives a case study of such a project that aimed to introduce a systemic human resource strategy to bring about organizational cultural change. Part way through the completion of the project the cycle changed, funds were cut, and the project was abolished, although significant portions of it had been implemented and other parts were later reestablished. The article establishes a link to punctuated equilibrium theory in exploring the political and funding cycles that influenced the decision to cut funding. It considers whether this could have been foreseen, and gives some recommendations for future action research projects.     

IT APPLICATIONS PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT UNDER BUSINESS AND IMPLEMENTATION UNCERTAINTY

Corporations need to improve business processes in order to enhance velocity and service levels while reducing their processing costs and differentiating themselves in the face of competition. The levitation of importance beyond support roles has raised IT investment decisions to high priority in chief executive officers＇ agendas. Corporate planning groups as well as lines of business are increasingly applying techniques of IT applications portfolio management in a more systematic fashion to improve decision-making and resource-allocation processes.
Recent advances in software engineering and IT service delivery methodologies have achieved the logical separation of business functions from implementation. This separation has made a new breed of innovative IT project possible with a new project risk structure; the adjustment of portfolio management techniques is appropriate. We present an integrated portfolio management model so that the corporation can focus on organic growth through sources at both the department and top management levels. The research gives clear advice as to how top management can seek economic growth by selecting an entrepreneurial strategic posture, implying a strong risk-taking propensity. By integrating a risk-return model and risk-tolerance paradigm to cope with today＇s risk structure, overall capabilities can improve the decision process and the corporation＇s performance as well. The application of the integrated technique to a Japanese manufacturing firm is described.     

IT能力、网络交互策略与合作绩效——基于RBV理论的实证研究

从企业间沟通和互动的视角出发,以资源基础观(RBV)理论为基本逻辑,探讨了IT能力对网络交互策略(分为IOS赋能的交互策略和SM赋能的交互策略)以及合作绩效(分为沟通效率和合作满意度)的影响.基于512份中国制造企业的调研数据的实证分析,我们发现:第一,企业的IT能力有助于其员工采用IOS赋能的交互策略和SM赋能的交互策略与合作伙伴沟通和互动;第二,SM赋能的交互策略对沟通效率和合作满意度均有显著的正向影响,IOS赋能的交互策略对合作满意度有显著的正向影响,而对沟通效率没有显著的影响;第三,IOS赋能的交互策略中介了IT能力对于合作满意度的正向影响,SM赋能的交互策略中介了IT能力对于沟通效率的正向影响.文章最后从理论贡献、实际应用和研究不足等方面对研究结果进行了讨论.     

基于IT双元性视角的企业电子商务价值创造：双元能力和IT治理的作用

在以高度竞争和透明化为特征的数字化背景下，企业如何实现电子商务价值已经成为学术界面临的新课题。前人的研究虽然指出利用IT技术能够形成组织柔性或双元性组织，从而增加收益并创造价值，但却忽视了IT同时还能通过风险控制和成本降低实现电子商务价值。基于IT双元性，研究数字化情景下电子商务价值的创造机理，即通过电子商务双元能力实现收益增加；并利用IT治理降低数字化风险和成本，进而实现电子商务价值创造。通过对204家企业调研数据的实证研究，结果证实了电子商务双元战略对电子商务双元能力的正向作用，以及电子商务双元能力在电子商务双元战略和竞争绩效之间的部分中介作用。此外，发现了契约治理正向调节电子商务双元战略和电子商务双元能力之间的正向相关关系，同时也正向调节电子商务双元战略和竞争绩效之间的正向相关关系，并且这种正向作用主要通过电子商务双元能力的中介作用影响竞争绩效。最后，还发现，关系治理正向调节电子商务双元战略和电子商务双元能力之间的正向相关关系，而关系治理对电子商务双元战略和竞争绩效之间的关系不存在调节作用，并且对电子商务双元战略的调节效应也不通过电子商务双元能力的中介作用影响竞争绩效。研究的理论贡献在于构建了数字化情景下体现IT双元性的电子商务价值创造模型，实践贡献在于为传统企业在数字化情景下如何利用电子商务双元能力和IT治理获取价值提供现实指导。     

平台生态系统价值共创的研究述评

数字经济和共享经济背景下,平台模式成为理论界和实践界关注的焦点.平台生态系统价值共创区别于一般的价值共创活动,是由平台企业主导,生态系统各利益相关者通过竞合互动和资源整合而共同创造价值的动态过程.平台生态系统价值共创研究呈现多学科交叉融合的特点,现有研究缺乏从理论逻辑、研究重点到发展趋势的系统性回顾.本文首先对平台生态系统价值共创的内涵和特征进行界定,对关键因素和过程机制进行阐述;在此基础上,按照平台生态系统竞合关系、平台生态系统协调治理、平台商业模式创新三个主题对现有研究进行述评;最后,结合平台生态系统动态化、网络化特征、不确定环境和数字化背景提出未来可能的研究方向.     

O2O背景下的共享经济研究

共享经济目前已经成为运营管理领域一大新的研究热点,其相关研究在近几年如雨后春笋般涌现.首先明晰共享经济在运营管理领域研究的相关学术概念和研究主体及范围,并根据资源所属权将共享经济模式分成两大类——C2C (customer-to-customer)模式和B2C (business-tocustomer)模式,其中C2C模式又可细分为由市场定价和由平台定价两小类.之后分别选取每类模式内代表性的共享经济平台(共享住宿、打车平台和共享单车),对该模式内共享经济研究进行梳理,并侧重于关注C2C模式内的定价问题和B2C模式内的资源管理问题.通过介绍目前共享经济特别是平台经济的研究进展,展望未来共享经济的研究方向和可能的研究问题.     

The Application of Critical Systems Thinking to Enhance the Effectiveness of a University Information System

Faced with the common problem of dissatisfaction with the outcome of investments in information systems (IS), the IS community has long sought ways to improve information systems development (ISD). This paper reports on action research (AR) that sought to improve the effectiveness a UK university’s student record system (SRS), which had exhibited persistent problems. Critical systems thinking (CST) is seen to have value for ISD and was used to guide the AR. In the first stage of this research, the issues with the initial design of the SRS were identified to have largely resulted from insufficient elicitation of the underlying assumptions about, and perspectives on, complex organisational issues. The second stage centred on examining the situation from an “ought” perspective analysing what should be done and how, in order to develop creative solutions to the problems uncovered. The third stage involved recommending solutions to address the problems identified in order to improve the effectiveness of the SRS. Overall, the AR indicates that CST enables those involved to view the design and implementation of the SRS as a holistic system, critically reflect upon broad and complex human, technological and organisational issues from different perspectives, and thereby identify creative solutions. The main contribution of this research is in generating support for an ISD intervention guided by CST. The results of, and the understanding developed from, this intervention are likely to be relevant to the problems that frequently occur in similar situations.     

创新视角下金融机构人力资源柔性研究

通过扩展人力资源柔性定义丰富了人力资源柔性研究的场景，系统性构建了人力资源柔性与金融机构创新之间的影响关系，并运用定量分析方法进行了验证，进一步解构战略人力资源管理通过人力资源柔性对企业组织绩效影响过程中的“黑箱”问题。通过系统性构建人力资源柔性与金融机构业务创新影响关系模型，提出并验证人力资源柔性是人力资源实践影响业务创新的一个重要自变量，业务创新的探索能力和开发能力在影响路径过程中发挥重要作用，中介变量的角色定位非常突出，环境的复杂性也调节人力资源对业务创新的作用，为探讨对组织绩效影响的路径提供了更加清晰的思考。     

BENCHMARKING ON-LINE SERVICES INDUSTRIES

1. Introduction Benchmarking delivers a “comparison of a company’s performance in certain areas with that of other firms in its industry and / or with those firms that are identified as world class competition in specific functions and operations” (Davis et al, (2004). It can also cut across traditional lines, providing opportunities for new and innovative ways to increase performance, and be a “search for industry best practices that lead to superior performance” (Camp, 1989; Hinton et …