三角代数上导子的两个结论

设R是有单位元的交换环,A,B都是R上的酉代数,M是非零(A,B)-酉双模,且作为左A-模和右B-模都是忠实的.记T=(A M0B)为由A,B,M构成的三角代数,D为T的导子.给出T满足[D(X),D(Y)]=0的导子的结构,并证明了三角代数T的导子都不是强保交换的.     

三角代数上的Lie可导映射对

设U=Tri(A,M,B)是三角代数,δ,τ为U→U上的两个映射(无可加性或线性假设).利用矩阵分块的方法证明了:如果对任意的a,b∈U,有δ([a,b])=[δ(a),b]+[a,τ(b)],则τ=σ+L,δ=θ+f,其中:σ:U→U是可加导子;L:U→Z(U)是模可加的中心值映射;θ:U→U是关于σ的可加广义导子;f:U→Z(U)是中心值映射,且f([a,b])=0.     

关于三角代数上的广义Engel条件

设R是有单位元的交换环,A,B是R上酉代数,M是非零(A,B)-酉双模。D是三角代数T上的导子。本文刻画了三角代数上满足广义Engel条件[[…[[D(X~m)X~n-X~pG(X~q),X~(n1)],X~(n2)],…],X~(nk)]=0和[D(X),X]_kX-X[G(X),X]_k=0的导子的结构。     

因子von Neumann代数中套子代数上的广义内导子

本文研究了因子von Neumann代数M中套子代数algMβ上的广义内导子.证明了如果δ:algMβ→M是一个线性映射,且对任意A∈algMβ有δ(A)=XAY,其中X,Y∈M.那么δ是一个广义内导子当且仅当存在投影P∈β使得X=λP XP⊥,Y=μP⊥ PY,其中λ,μ∈C.并且证明了δ2=δδ是一个广义内导子的充分必要条件.     

2*2上三角算子矩阵的左(右)Browder谱

设X,Y是复的Banach空间,在一个上三角算子矩阵Mc=A C0 B∈B(XY)中,A∈B(X),B∈B(Y)是事先给定的,对于任意的C∈B(Y,X),Mc的左(右)Browder谱:lσb(Mc)={λ∈C:Mc)-λB (XY)},B (XY)={T∈Φ (XY):asc(T)<∞},(rσb(Mc)={λ∈C:Mc)-λ■B-(XY)},B-(XY)={T∈Φ-(XY):des(T)<∞}).文中得到lσb(Mc)(rσb(Mc))与lσb(A)∪lσb(B)|rσb(A)∪rσb(B))之间存在有趣的填洞现象,即σ*(A)∪σ*(B)=σ*(Mc)∪W.其中,W是σ*(Mc)的某些洞的并σ*∈{lσb,rσb},并找出洞W的具体位置.     

素环上非线性Lie中心化子

设M是包含非平凡投影P的单位素环.利用算子论方法证明了:如果φ:M→M是非线性Lie中心化子,则存在λ∈■及映射ξ:M→■满足ξ([A,B])=0(A,B∈M),使得对任意的X∈M,有φ(X)=λX+ξ(X)I.     

三角代数上的一类局部可导非线性映射

设T=Tri(A,M,B)为三角代数,δ:T→T是一个映射(没有可加性的假设).利用代数分解的方法证明了:如果对任意的A,B∈T,且A与B至少有一个是幂等元,有δ(AB)=δ(A)B+Aδ(B),则δ是一个可加导子.并得到了上三角矩阵代数和套代数上此类局部可导非线性映射的具体形式.     

广义~*-Lie可导映射

证明了含单位元C*代数上可加的广义*-Lie导子是一个保*的可加导子。研究了因子von Neumann代数上拟正规可导映射。设H是维数大于2的复可分Hilbert空间,M是作用在H上维数大于1的因子von Neu-mann代数。若Ф:M→M是线性拟正规可导映射,则存在数λ∈R和算子T∈M且T+T*=λI,以及线性映射h:M→CI,使得对任意A∈M,有Ф(A)=AT-TA+h(A),且h([A,A*])=0。     

一类约束矩阵方程解的Cramer法则

证明了一类约束矩阵方程AX=D,(R(X)(∪) R(Ak1)),XB=D,(N(X)(∪)N(Bk2)),AXB=D,(R(X)(∪) R(Ak1),N(X)(∪)N(Bk2))有唯一解并给出其解的Cramer公式,其中A∈Cn×n,Ind(A)=k1,B∈Cm×m,Ind(B)=k2,D∈Cn×m.推广了求解约束线性方程组问题中的相关结论.经典的Cramer法则也是本文结论的特殊情形.     

矩阵环Mn(R)上的Goldbach问题

R是主理想整环,a是R中固定的元素。本文证明了:当n是偶数时,对任意A∈Mn(R),存在X,Y∈Mn(R),使得X Y=A且det(X)=det(Y)=a。当n是奇数时,对任意A∈Mn(R),存在X,Y∈Mn(R),使得X Y=A且det(X)=det(Y)=a当且仅当d(A)|2a。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-