可见光响应氮-磷共掺杂TiO2纳米管制备及光催化性能

采用水热-浸渍两步法合成了一系列N-P/TiO2纳米管光催化剂,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-vis)等测试手段对其结构进行了表征.结果表明,300℃焙烧后的N-P/TiO2纳米管为锐钛矿相,氮和磷高度分散进入TiO2中.P和N掺杂含量分别为0.99%和0.56%.与纯TiO2纳米管相比,N-P/TiO2纳米管在可见光区的有较大的吸收,光吸收阈值产生红移.氮磷共掺杂可以明显提高TiO2纳米管的对甲基橙的光催化活性,其原因在于氮阴离子以N-Ti-O的结构进入TiO2,磷替换TiO2部份Ti4 ,从而降低了电子和空穴复合几率.     

氮和硫共掺杂的纳米二氧化钛的制备及表征

以钛酸丁酯（TPOT）为原料，通过溶胶-凝胶法制得掺有氮和硫两种非金属元素的纳米二氧化钛（TiO2），并利用紫外-可见光谱（UV—vis）、红外光谱（IR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等方法对其进行了表征。结果表明，该方法的确可以使N和S元素共掺杂到纳米TiO2中，并且使得纳米TiO2的吸收范围拓展到可见光区域，从400nm拓展到580nm．     

掺氮可见光响应TiO2-xNx光催化薄膜的制备及性能初探

采用反应磁控溅射法在玻璃基片上制备N掺杂TiO2-xNx薄膜和纯TiO2薄膜,并且对两种薄膜样品分别进行了300、400和500℃的退火处理.采用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外-可见光光度计(UV-Vis)对经过退火处理的样品进行了表征.结果表明:成功制备了N掺杂TiO2-xNx薄膜,部分N进入了TiO2薄膜晶格,并且以N-O键形式存在;N掺杂TiO2-xNx薄膜和纯TiO2薄膜相对比,晶型和表面形貌没有什么太大的区别,但通过紫外-可见光吸收谱图可以发现经过400℃退火处理的N掺杂TiO2-xNx薄膜吸收带边从纯TiO2薄膜的400 nm红移到455 nm.     

过渡金属离子掺杂对H4 SiW12O4／TiO2光催化性能的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备了新型Ni^2＋（Fe^3＋）掺杂H4SiW12O40（简称SiW12）／TiO2光催化剂．利用LS9000激光粒度仪、FT—IR等进行表征,表明SiW12／TiO2复合光催化剂中TiO2和SiW12是以晶粒问分散为主．过渡金属离子（尤其是Ni）的掺杂促使SiW12保持其完整的Keggin结构,也加固了Ti02和SiW。：的复合作用．以氯乙酸为探针,讨论过渡金属离子掺杂纳米光催化剂的光催化活性．结果表明,当WNi^2＋=0．01％（WFe^3＋=0．03％）时,光催化剂活性达到最高75％（68％）．     

氮掺杂TiO2纳米管电极制备及可见光电催化活性

采用氮气中500℃和600℃热处理由阳极氧化法制备的TiO2纳米管阵列,制备了氮掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列电极。分别用环境扫描电镜（ESEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）,X射线衍射（XRD）和紫外可见漫反射吸收光谱对电极进行了表征。结果表明氮成功地掺入TiO2纳米管中。氮的引入使所制备的电极表现出可见光电催化活性,其中氮气中500℃下热处理得到的TiO2纳米管阵列电极表现出最好的可见光电催化活性。     

纳米TiO2／聚偏氟乙烯膜性能的影响

采用溶胶一凝胶法制备纳米TiO2溶胶,通过表面涂覆得到改性聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）／TiO2复合膜,研究了不同TiO2浓度对其性能的影响,并借助X射线衍射（XRD）和红外光谱（FT—IR）表征了复合膜的结构。     

宁夏平罗春小麦氮、磷、钾肥肥效及适宜用量

用“3414”实验方案研究宁夏平罗县春小麦施用氮、磷、钾肥料的效果和最佳用量．结果表明,与未施肥处理相比．不同施肥处理均显著提高了春小麦籽粒产量;氮、磷、钾肥对春小麦的增产率,氮肥显著高于磷、钾肥,而磷肥又高于钾肥．根据肥料效应方程,确定春小麦最高产量（5231．5kg／hm。）时的氮、磷、钾肥的最佳施肥量分别是258kg／hm^2（N）,173kg／hm^2（P2O3）,22kg／hm^2（K2O）;经济最佳产量（5220．7kg／hm。）时的施肥量是257·9kg／hm^2（N）,173．0kg／hm^2（P205）,21．6kg／hm^2（K20）,氮、磷、钾肥的施肥质量比为1：0．67：0．08．对于指导该地区农业的合理施肥具有重要的参考价值．     

水热法制备氮、钒共掺杂TiO2及光催化性能研究

采用水热法制备了不同氮、钒掺杂量的TiO2光催化剂,采用X射线衍射(XRD)对其结构进行表征,并通过对罗丹明B的日光降解实验,评价了其光催化活性.结果表明,制备的氮、钒共掺杂TiO2光催化剂比氮掺杂TiO2具有更高的催化活性,x=4(尿素与TiCl3的摩尔比)、y=0.045%(V5 摩尔含量)的氮、钒共掺杂催化剂的催化活性最高.     

催化荧光灯的制备及其降解甲醛的能力

以钛酸丁酯为前驱物，采用溶胶-凝胶-水热晶化法制备了锐钛型氟掺杂TiO2（F—Ti02）溶胶；把F—TiO2溶胶涂覆在荧光灯管上，经低温（120—280℃）烘干后，制备了具有光催化净化空气功能荧光灯，以含有甲醛的空气为模拟污染空气，评价了荧光灯管的光催化净化活性，并且测定了溶胶干燥制得的粉末物的吸附性能．运用紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV—Vis-DRS）及原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了在玻璃表面形成的F—TiO2膜的有关特征．结果表明：锐钛矿型纳米F-TiO2溶胶具有良好的降解甲醛和净化空气的能力，当甲醛浓度小于5．4mg／m^3及流速小于0．015L／min时，催化降解率高达90％．F—TiO2膜具有荧光性，涂膜后的荧光灯光强度增加2％-3％；氟的掺杂提高了催化剂的表面酸度、晶化度和吸附能力，从而有效地提高了F—TiO2膜的催化活性.     

Mn掺杂对Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3薄膜介电性能的影响

以醋酸盐和钛酸四丁酯为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶工艺在Pt／TiO2／SiO2／Si基片上制备了掺锰Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3薄膜。通过X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析研究了薄膜的相结构和形貌，测试了以Pt为底电极、Ag为上电极的MFM电容器的介电性能。研究结果表明：掺锰Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3薄膜较未掺杂的Ba0．5Sr0．5TiO3薄膜介电常数高、介电损耗降低。介温谱表明在居里温度附近发生弥散型相变，且居里温度有向低温方向漂移的趋势。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-