过渡金属离子改性TiO2薄膜上甲醛光催化降解作用研究

用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃表面制备了不同金属离子掺杂的TiO2光催化薄膜，考察了掺杂金属离子种类（Fe^3＋、Cd^2＋、Cr^3＋、Co^2＋等）及其掺杂量对TiO2薄膜光催化降解甲醛的影响。结果表明，在日光灯和紫外灯照射下，各种溶胶体系所制备的催化荆均具有一定的甲醛降解活性，其中以添加乙酰丙酮缓释剂的溶胶体系所制备的催化剂活性较好。在掺杂的各种过渡金属离子中，掺杂Cd^2＋1．5wt％的TiO2薄膜催化剂表现出最好的甲醛光催化降解性能。XRD研究表明催化剂中的TiO2主要为锐钛矿型，掺杂Cd^2＋1．5wt％的样品的DR UV-VisiO2在430nm和600nm处出现宽的吸收峰，与该催化剂在日光灯照射下具有相对高的甲醛降解活性结果相吻合。     

金属离子掺杂对TiO2光催化性能影响分析

TiO2光催化剂可有效去除水中有机污染物。本文采用溶胶—凝胶法(Sol—gel)制备了掺杂不同含量金属离子的复合型TiO2光催化剂，光催化降解甲基橙溶液实验结果表明：掺杂Cr^3 的TiO2光催化活性明显高于单一TiO2和其他几种掺杂催化剂的光催化活性；当Cr^3 的掺入比例约为1．0％时，其光催化活性最高，紫外光照4h甲基橙的降解率达到90％以上，可见光照射6h甲基橙的降解率达85％以上。可望将掺杂金属离子的纳米TiO2作为一种有效的光催化剂，广泛应用于被污染水体的净化处理。     

加水量对溶胶-凝胶制备TiO2膜相转变和性能的影响

加水量是溶胶-凝胶制备TiO2膜的重要参数．笔者以乙酰丙酮为螯合剂，配制不同加水量的溶胶r=2，3，4，6，8[r为n（H2O）／n（钛酸丁酯）]，分别制备了TiO2膜和粉体，以考察加水量对TiO2膜性能的影响．干凝胶的TGA表明，r=6比r=2较易脱除有机物和水分．利用XRD对其进行表征．结果表明：r=6的样品比r=2的由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变温度要高出560℃左右．光催化脱除甲醛实验结果表明，r=6的溶胶制备TiO2薄膜（镀膜6次）的光催化活性最好，光照2h甲醛的降解率达80％．     

TiO2纳米膜光催化降解有机污染物的研究

用溶胶-凝胶方法制备TiO2纳米膜，探讨了金属离子铁离子和贵金属Ag、Pt掺杂对TiO2纳米膜光催化降解性能的影响。研究了TiO2纳米膜及掺杂改性的TiO2纳米膜对水杨酸的降解作用，同时还尝试光催化去除过滤后的生物二级处理系统出水中的有机物。实验结果表明TiO2纳米膜有优良的光催化降解性能。     

掺杂钇的纳米TiO_2的制备及光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯和硝酸钇为主要原料,采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了掺杂钇的纳米TiO2（Y—TiO2）．用XRD、TEM等方法对其进行了表征,晶型为锐钛矿,粒径范围12～25nm,以罗丹明B（RhB）为目标降解物,考察催化剂的光催化活性。结果显示,当Y^3＋的掺杂摩尔分数为0．5％,催化剂质量浓度为0．2g／L,紫外光照80min时,RhB的降解率可达98．2％,较纯TiO2光催化活性提高了160％。     

掺杂钇的纳米TiO2的制备及光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯和硝酸钇为主要原料,采用溶胶一凝胶法制备了掺杂钇的纳米TiO2（Y—TiO2）．用XRD、TEM等方法对其进行了表征,晶型为锐钛矿,粒径范围12～25nm,以罗丹明B（RhB）为目标降解物,考察催化剂的光催化活性。结果显示,当Y^3＋的掺杂摩尔分数为0．5％,催化剂质量浓度为0．2g／L,紫外光照80min时,RhB的降解率可达98．2％,较纯TiO2光催化活性提高了160％。     

混晶结构纳米TiO2薄膜制备及其光催化降解甲醛

以Ti（OBu）。为前驱体，采用溶胶凝胶法在不锈钢丝网表面上制备TiO2光催化薄膜，并用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和热重一差热分析（TG-DTA）法对其进行表征．结果表明，所得TiO2光催化薄膜为锐钛金红石混晶结构，平均粒径为20～30nm．室温下利用甲醛为模拟污染物，考察了该薄膜的光催化活性．实验表明：混晶TiO2光催化薄膜对甲醛有较好的去除效果，甲醛光催化降解反应符合一级反应速率方程．     

ACF担载TiO_2光催化降解甲醛的影响因素研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法（sol-gel）在活性炭纤维（ACF）表面制备了纳米TiO2薄膜光催化材料,利用XRD和SEM对薄膜进行了表征。使用该负载型纳米TiO2光催化材料处理室内空气中的甲醛污染物,分别研究了TiO2涂膜次数、甲醛初始浓度、相对湿度、温度以及光源等因素对甲醛降解效率的影响。实验结果表明,所制得的TiO2为锐钛矿型,平均粒径为20nm左右,TiO2涂膜次数为3层时甲醛降解效率最高;甲醛初始浓度越高降解效率越低,甲醛降解效率随温度升高而增大,相对湿度为48%时甲醛降解效率最高;一定波长（λ〈387nm）的紫外光照射是使用TiO2光催薄膜降解甲醛的必要条件。     

自然光下Fe3+掺杂纳米TiO2光催化降解亚甲基蓝的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列不同Fe^3＋掺杂量（ω0．00％～3．00％）的纳米TiO。光催化剂，利用TEM，XRD，UV—Vis等技术对其形貌和结构进行了表征．以亚甲基蓝（MB）的脱色降解为模型，研究了在自然先条件下Fe^3＋掺杂量对其光催化活性的影响．结果表明．在所研究的掺杂范围内，该纳米粒子的粒径随Fe^3＋掺杂量的增加呈减小趋势；Fe^3＋的掺入不仅可以控制TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石的转变，而且可以使该纳米微粒对光的吸收向可见区拓展；Fe^3＋的适量掺入．可以显著提高纳米TiO2在自然先条件下的催化活性．     

氮掺杂TiO2改性涂料的制备及其对甲醛光催化降解性能研究

以Ti（SO4）2为原料,采用氨水水解法制备氮掺杂二氧化钛前驱体,煅烧得到氮掺杂二氧化钛纳米粉体,作为功能活性组分．利用FT-IR红外光谱和激光粒度等方法对所制备的活性组分进行表征．将功能活性组分分散到水性乳胶涂料体系中,通过高速搅拌使其均匀分散,制得改性乳胶涂料．以30w日光灯管为光源,用甲醛降解反应考察了复合乳胶涂料的光催化活性．结果表明,复合了该活性组分的乳胶涂料具有优良的光催化净化空气的性能．N掺杂量对其光催化活性有较大的影响,当氮的掺杂量为0．7wt％,七天后光催化甲醛降解率达到最高92％．     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.