以柚皮素为结构骨架的拓扑异构酶抑制剂的设计与合成

以柚皮素为骨架,引入拓扑异构酶抑制剂药物的药效基团对其进行结构修饰,合成生物利用度较高、抗肿瘤活性较好的一系列柚皮素衍生物.中间体的合成采用温和的非亲核碱DIPEA,一锅法反应同时获得单双取代的溴化物,并通过核磁共振以及质谱确认产物的结构.获得一系列柚皮素衍生物,进一步推广一锅法反应同时获得单双取代的溴化物的方法和应用,为今后的这一系列柚皮素衍生物的细胞活性实验提供依据和保障,为药物修饰和新药开发提供有价值的信息和基础.     

吡嗪酰胺-2,5-二羟基苯甲酸共晶制备及过程在线研究

吡嗪酰胺(PZA)为最有效的抗结核药物之一,其水溶性差,通过形成共晶的方法可以改善其溶解度,提高药效.本文通过悬浮法制备了PZA和2,5-二羟基苯甲酸(2,5-DHBA)共晶,产品采用X-射线粉末衍射(PXRD)、差式扫描热分析(DSC)、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)进行表征.结果表明,利用悬浮法可以制备出纯度较高的PZA-2,5-DHBA(1∶1)共晶.进一步采用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(ATR-FTIR)和在线拉曼光谱等过程分析技术(PAT),监测并分析了该共晶的形成过程.结果表明,在30,℃下PZA-2,5-DHBA(1∶1)共晶在乙腈中的溶度积为9.4×10-4(mol/L)2;且该过程为PZA溶解-共晶生成的两步过程,存在成核介稳现象,过程控制步骤为共晶生长.     

基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨黄连温胆汤治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的作用机制

运用网络药理学和分子对接方法探索黄连温胆汤治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的分子机制。应用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台对黄连温胆汤药物活性成分及药物作用靶点基因进行筛选。通过Genecards数据库、DisGENET数据库查找幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎疾病相关靶点,利用维恩在线绘图工具获得疾病与药物的共同靶点基因。利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件以及STRING数据库分别构建药物-化合物-靶点相互作用网络及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络图。运用DAVID数据库进行基因本体功能和京都基因与基因组百科全书通路富集分析。选取度值排名前3的靶点蛋白和活性成分使用AutoDockTools 1.5.6软件进行分子对接。共筛选得到槲皮素、川皮苷、柚皮素等127种黄连温胆汤药物活性成分,并获得Akt1、JUN、TNF-α、STAT3等101个潜在靶点蛋白,涉及P53信号通路、NOD样受体信号通路、TNF信号通路等90条信号通路。分子对接结果显示关键靶点STAT3、TP53、Akt1与活性成分槲皮素、川皮苷、柚皮素的亲和力较好,其中以Akt1与柚皮素的结合能力最强。通过分析黄连温胆汤治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎的作...     

药物共晶制备与性能表征综合实验研究

利用溶液结晶法制备了摩尔比为1∶1的茶碱对乙酰氨基酚药物共晶,通过与剑桥结构数据库中相应物质的XRD数据对比,证明了共晶产品的良好纯度。通过同步热分析仪、光学显微镜和红外光谱等测试方法对茶碱-对乙酰氨基酚药物共晶进行了表征;利用软件模拟了茶碱-对乙酰氨基酚之间的氢键作用。通过此综合实验的学习,学生可以掌握药物晶体常规制备技术,学会使用常见实验分析仪器及相关数据处理软件,增强自身的实践能力和创新能力。     

柚皮素-钴(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与表征

应用柚皮素和硝酸钴在乙醇溶液中反应成功合成了柚皮素-钴配合物.用红外光谱和紫外光谱对配合物进行了表征.探讨并优化了柚皮素与钴反应的最佳条件:物质的量之比为0.75(钴:柚皮素),反应温度为60℃,反应时间为6h,pH值为4.5.     

柚皮苷半合成N-苯亚甲基柚皮素腙及细胞活性

从丰富易得的柚皮苷(Naringin)1出发,通过酸水解得到了柚皮素2.以柚皮素为先导化合物,通过4-位羰基与水合肼作用合成了中间体柚皮素腙3,进而与各种不同类型的醛缩合,合成了14个新型N-苯亚甲基柚皮素腙及类似物(4a~4n).MTT蛋白染色法体外抑制肿瘤增值活性测试显示化合物4c、4d、4h、4j、4n对胃癌细胞SGC-7901有一定的抑制作用.     

柚皮素与过渡金属铜（Ⅱ）离子的配位反应

利用配体和配合物在配位反应前后紫外吸收的不同,采用单因素实验法探讨了柚皮素与过渡金属铜（Ⅱ）离子在乙醇溶液中的最佳反应条件,考察了碱、不同阴离子的铜盐、配位比及温度对配位反应的影响.在最佳反应条件下成功合成了柚皮素-铜配合物,并用红外光谱和紫外光谱对配合物进行了表征.结果表明,碱是影响柚皮素与铜离子配位反应活性最明显的因素.最终确定了柚皮素与铜盐配位反应的最佳条件为：碱选用无水碳酸钠,铜盐选用氯化铜,氯化铜与柚皮素的配位比为0.75∶1.0,温度为60℃.     

葛根素-吡乙酰胺共晶的制备与表征

药物共晶是改善难溶性药物葛根素溶解度的一种有效方法。以葛根素为药物活性成分(API),对共晶形成物(CCF)进行筛选。研究结果表明,当葛根素与吡乙酰胺的摩尔比为1∶2时,通过溶液结晶的方法可以制备得到共晶。共晶的熔点为163.78℃,处于葛根素与吡乙酰胺的熔点之间。共晶在溶解性上也有明显的改观,在纯水中的溶解度是葛根素溶解度的20倍。     

芒柄花素平衡溶解度和油水分配系数的测定

目的测定芒柄花素的平衡溶解度和油水分配系数,为设计芒柄花素新剂型提供理论基础与依据。方法采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定芒柄花素在水、不同缓冲盐溶液中的质量浓度,并运用摇瓶法测定芒柄花素在正辛醇-水、缓冲液体系中的表观油水分配系数。结果 37℃下芒柄花素在水中的平衡溶解度为2.079±0.036μg·mL~(-1),随着pH值增大,芒柄花素的平衡溶解度增大。芒柄花素在正辛醇-水体系中的表观油水分配系数lg P_(app)=2.79±0.03,随着缓冲盐溶液的pH值增大,芒柄花素在正辛醇-缓冲盐溶液体系中的油水分配系数减小。结论建立的方法可以准确测定芒柄花素的平衡溶解度和表观油水分配系数,科学合理地预测药物在体内的吸收与分布情况。     

原创中药红珠胶囊基于RRLC-ESI-MS/MS技术的化学成分分析

采用快速液相-三重串联四极杆质谱(RRLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术,在电喷雾质谱正模式和负模式下,对红珠胶囊内容物进行分析鉴定。通过质谱中分子离子峰和碎片离子峰的精确相对分子质量匹配,保留时间,紫外光谱对比,与对照品比对并结合参考文献鉴定,确证和指认了红珠胶囊中的新北美圣草苷、樱桃苷、柚皮苷、忍冬苷、野漆树苷、橙皮内酯水合物、7-(2″-α-鼠李糖基-6″-(3″″-羟基-3″″-甲基戊二酰)-β-D-葡萄糖基)柚皮素、异橙皮内酯、柚皮素9个化学成分。研究揭示了红珠胶囊的化学物质基础,为控制该药质量提供了依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-