含氟丙烯酸酯阴极电泳涂料的制备及防腐性能

选用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、封闭剂3,5-二甲基吡唑(DMP)、可阳离子化扩链剂三乙醇胺(TEOA)、含氟丙烯酸酯单体ZonylTM及其它丙烯酸酯单体合成了用于含氟阴极电泳(CED)涂料的阳离子型丙烯酸酯树脂和阳离子型封闭异氰酸酯固化剂(TId). 通过傅立叶变换红外光谱对合成的树脂和固化剂进行了表征;采用差示扫描量热、热重分析法分析了CED涂料的固化行为,发现CED膜可在较低温度(90 ℃附近)开始交联. 对含氟CED膜接触角的测定证实,含氟阴极电泳涂料是得到低表面能涂层的有效方法. 利用电化学阻抗谱对漆膜的耐腐蚀性进行了分析,发现含氟丙烯酸酯的引入可以提高漆膜的防腐性能.     

丙烯酸酯阳极电泳涂料树脂的制备与性能研究

通过自由基溶液共聚合制备了丙烯酸酯阳极电泳涂料树脂. 研究了不同酸值和羟值的丙烯酸酯单体以及助溶剂对丙烯酸酯电泳漆性能的影响,以及丙烯酸酯树脂的热固化过程和表征了树脂和漆膜的结构. 结果表明,随甲基丙烯酸用量增加,丙烯酸酯树脂水分散体的粒径减小、粘度略有增加、稳定性增强. 以合成条件为丙烯酸酯共聚树脂酸值为64.6 mg KOH/g、羟值为85.5 mg KOH/g、Tg为20℃,一缩二乙二醇单甲醚和异丙醇的体积比为2:3,所得到的电泳涂料具有良好的槽液稳定性,电泳涂膜经热固化后的外观平整、丰满、光亮,硬度为5H,附着力为1级,冲击强度为50kg?cm,耐丁酮摩擦﹥100次.     

高硬度丙烯酸阳极电泳涂料的研制

试验合成了一种新型的高硬度丙烯酸阳极电冰涂料,研究了各种丙烯酸单体的配比,不同的溶剂、中和剂和固化剂对涂层性能的影响,最终得到一种性能优良的阳极电泳涂料.对电泳漆膜的各项性能测试结果表明,漆膜质量优良,外观平整光亮.     

低温固化阴极电泳涂料的制备与性能

采用乳液聚合法将N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(N-MAM)和丙烯酸酯类单体加入到改性的环氧树脂乳液中进行接枝共聚,制备了一种能低温固化的阴极电泳涂料。通过FT-IR,DSC和SEM等手段对树脂结构进行了表征与分析,并研究了自交联单体N-MAM对涂料性能的影响。结果表明：与传统的溶液接枝改性技术相比,此方法可以在低于90℃的低温条件下反应,将改性树脂中N-MAM的质量分数提高至10%,制得的漆膜可在130℃,30min的条件下固化。     

自分层环氧-丙烯酸复合阴极电泳涂料的研制

结合自分层涂料的概念和阴极电泳涂料体系的特点 ,设计了合成环氧树脂和丙烯酸树脂自分层阴极电泳涂料 .研究了水性环氧和丙烯酸树脂合成的影响因素 ,包括封闭剂、反应温度、加料方式及单体官能度等 .红外分析表明 ,复合涂膜形成分层结构 ;性能检测表明 ,该自分层结构涂层具有优异的耐候性和良好的耐腐蚀性 ,达到了自分层的目的 ,实现了电泳涂装的底面合一 .     

UV固化水性含氟环氧丙烯酸酯树脂的合成与性能研究

以环氧树脂、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、丙烯酸、马来酸酐为原料,通过接枝反应-开环反应-酯化反应三步合成光固化水性含氟环氧丙烯酸酯树脂聚合物。采用红外光谱、热重法（TG）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、激光粒度分布仪等技术对光固化水性含氟树脂结构与性能进行了分析,结果表明:添加含氟单体使聚合物的力学性能明显提高,热稳定性增强,玻璃化转变温度明显降低,接触角显著增大;当n（环氧树脂）:n（甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯）=4:1时,光固化水性含氟树脂的综合性能最佳:乳液平均粒径为2.3 m,固化膜附着力为1级,硬度为6 H,耐冲击性120 cm.     

核壳乳液的制备及其在耐沾污外墙涂料中的应用

针对普通丙烯酸外墙乳胶涂料耐沾污性不足的缺陷,采用种子乳液聚合技术合成了内软外硬型丙烯酸酯核壳复合乳液和壳层含氟的丙烯酸酯核壳复合乳液.并采用自制乳液配制了外墙乳胶涂料,研究了核壳乳液对外墙涂料耐沾污性的影响.结果表明,与常规均相结构丙烯酸酯乳胶粒子相比,采用上述核壳乳胶粒子制备的外墙乳胶涂料耐沾污性得到大幅度提高.通过在壳层聚合时加入一定量的氟单体,核壳乳液涂膜的表面接触角和疏水性显著提高,漆膜吸水率明显降低,使得涂料的耐沾污性得到显著改善.由于氟组分主要分布于壳层,含量很少就可获得显著改性效果.     

丙烯酸酯系阴极电泳涂料用树脂的合成与应用

采用甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯 (GMA)与丙烯酸丁酯 (BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)聚合制备丙烯酸酯系阴极电泳涂料用主体树脂。并对所合成的主体树脂进行胺化。利用红外及核磁共振碳谱分析了胺化反应机理 ,证明是开氧环反应。对该树脂的涂膜性能进行了研究。     

阴极电泳涂料的丙烯酸树脂合成

根据电泳涂料体系的特点，采用半连续溶液聚合法合成了阳离了丙烯酸树脂，研究了影响丙烯酸共聚树脂的水溶性、相对分子质量、交联官能等性能的主要因素，GPS和FTIR分析表明，合成的阳离子丙烯酸树脂的相对分子质量及其分布均比较适合，所有单体均参加了共聚，形成无规的丙烯酸聚物，并且反应的交联程度较高，适合用于阴极电泳涂料。     

异氰酸酯改性丙烯酸电泳涂料

利用异氰酸酯对丙烯酸树酯电泳涂料进行改性，合成了一种耐性较好的新型水溶性电泳涂料．经表征及测试漆膜的性能证实，改性后的涂料，在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＯＨ溶液中，漆膜的耐碱稳定时间由２ｈ增至３６ｈ，耐２５％（质量分数）盐水性能由３ｈ增加至７２ｈ以上；树脂失重３０％的耐热温度由交联前的１２０℃增加至３４０℃，泳透力大于１５ｃｍ．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.