专科护理门诊开展糖尿病足危险因素筛查与护理指导

目的探讨专科护理门诊开展危险因素筛查与护理指导对预防糖尿病足的效果。方法对100例2型糖尿病患者进行糖尿病足危险因素筛查,并对患者进行护理指导。结果 100例患者均掌握相关糖尿病足部护理知识,其中85例患者每天检查足部,40例患者掌握修剪指甲的方法,37例患者不同程度戒烟,36例患者正确选择鞋袜,10例患者改变不良生活习惯。结论通过对糖尿病足危险因素筛查并进行针对性的护理指导,提高糖尿病患者的防范意识和生活质量,降低糖尿病足的发病率、截肢率。     

老年糖尿病患者的健康教育初探

目的：总结对老年糖尿病患者健康教育的过程。方法：以门诊80例老年糖尿病患者为对象进行健康教育,对患者进行心理指导、饮食指导、运动疗法指导、用药指导、足部护理、血糖仪的使用指导、低血糖反应处理、出院指导等。结果：加强对老年糖尿病患者的健康教育,可有效改善老年糖尿病患者的不良心理,积极预防或减少并发症,对提高生活质量起到关键的作用。结论：有针对性地进行健康教育适合老年糖尿病患者的自我医疗护理需求,身心健康得到保障。     

健康教育对脑血管病患者的影响

探讨健康教育对脑血管病患者应用及效果;健康教育内容包括入院指导、认识疾病、心理疏导、相关检查、建立健康行为习惯、出院指导等;95%以上患者掌握了健康教育知识,护理服务满意度从92%提高到99%;健康教育能提高患者健康教育知识的掌握程度,提高患者自护能力,改善护患关系,减少因误解产生的医患纠纷,提高了医疗服务质量。     

丙泊酚静脉麻醉下超导可视无痛人流术的护理模式构建与效果评价

目的：探讨B超可视下无痛人流护理模式的构建和效果评价。方法：收集近两年我院妇科门诊丙泊酚静脉麻醉下B超可视无痛人流患者600例,根据自愿的原则,随机分为实验组和对照组,对照组采用传统健康教育,实验组实施全程连续性教育,术前评估-术前指导-术中干预-术后指导-门诊随访指导,对2组患者出血量、术后并发症发生率、健康教育满意度、复诊时相关知识认知程度及复诊率进行比较。结果：实验组患者术后出血量、并发症发生率明显下降,健康教育满意度、相关知识认知程度及复诊率提高(p<0.05)。结论 实施全程教育模式对提高超导可视无痛人流的护理效果有很大的作用。     

中老年糖尿病患者饮食控制行为初探

初步了解中老年糖尿病患者对饮食治疗相关知识的了解程度及自我实施的情况,并进行针对性干预。自设糖尿病饮食调查问卷,对120例中老年糖尿病患者进行问卷调查分析;调查结果显示：大部份的患者不了解饮食治疗的重要性;绝大部份患者不能很好的控制饮食;能了解每日总热量、三大营养素的计算及各餐的分配原则的患者,只有不到10例;中老年糖尿病患者对饮食治疗重视不够,相关知识掌握不够全面,家属配合程度不够。因此,医务人员应采用灵活多样及有针对性的教育指导方法,提高患者及家属对饮食治疗的重视程度,并使其掌握相关知识,从而更好的控制血糖、血脂,延缓并发症的发生和发展,提高生活质量。     

糖尿病足部辅具研究进展

 糖尿病足是糖尿病患者最严重的并发症之一。设计合理的足部辅具可有效实现糖尿病患者足底高压区域卸载和足底压力分布优化，有助于降低足溃疡发生率和复发率、延缓足溃疡恶化和截肢周期。综述了糖尿病足部的评估方法、足部辅具的设计原则、制作技术以及临床应用效果，分析发现研究主要以糖尿病足部形状与破损情况为依据，通过结构设计、材料组合等实现降低足底压力峰值、保护足部的目的。然而，目前的糖尿病足部辅具仍需进一步结合足部生理参数监测、主动防护等功能，以更实时、准确地监测糖尿病足部健康水平，更智能、有效地维护足部健康。关键词糖尿病足；足部辅具；压力卸载；智能辅具     

预防糖尿病足病的健康教育

糖尿病足又称为糖尿病肢端坏疽,是糖尿病最严重、最常见的并发症之一,也是糖尿病患者致残、致死的重要原因。据统计,在我国糖尿病足患病率为0.9%～14.5%[1]。随着糖尿病发病率的逐年升高,糖尿病足患者也在逐渐增多,因糖尿病足截肢给人们带来严重的损害并影响其生活质量,如何有效地减少和预防糖尿病足的发生降低截肢率已经越来越引起广泛的重视。我们在住院期间向糖尿病足患者进行了糖尿病足有关知识,如诱因、治疗、预后及防治的宣传教育,通过健康教育使病人提高了自我防护意识,掌握了自我护理方法,有效地促进了患者患足及健侧足的保健工作。现将教育方法及体会介绍如下。     

糖尿病性末梢神经病变调查及护理干预

目的 探讨糖尿病末梢神经病变(DPN)患病率及危险因素.方法 对确诊为糖尿病的415例患者进行系统足部未梢神经检查并收集实验室检查资料以及行问卷调查.结果 415例糖尿病患者中256例有糖尿病末梢神经病变,发病率为62%.结论 糖尿病患者糖尿病末梢神经病变与糖尿病痛程、血糖控制水平、血压控制以及发病年龄、足部护理与否显著相关,糖尿病患者早期医疗介入、健康生活方式及饮食控制可有效降低糖尿病末梢神经病变的发生几率.     

糖尿病足患者的护理

目的：通过临床护士对糖尿病患者积极、耐心、细致的护理,探讨护理在糖尿病患者康复过程中的意义.方法：回顾性分析我院51例糖尿病患者的临床资料,包括对患者制定护理计划,控制血糖、创面护理、饮食指导、适当运动、心理护理及健康教育等一系列护理措施.结果：51例患者,治愈40例（78.4%）,好转9例（17.6%）,未愈2例（4%）.结论：对糖尿病患者给予及时有效的护理,能使糖尿病患者治愈率及好转率大大提高,同时对提高糖尿病患者的生存质量具有很重要的现实意义.     

对糖尿病患者进行健康教育后的差异影响

目的探讨对糖尿病患者进行健康教育后的差异影响。方法为住院和出院的糖尿病患者进行健康教育讲课、监测血糖及发放糖尿病相关知识评分调查问卷。将我院内分泌科收治的部分2型糖尿病患者中的40名作为实验组,糖尿病专科门诊复诊的58名患者为对照组,其余14名患者未来院复诊,比较实验组与对照组患者之间糖尿病相关知识评分调查情况、血糖控制及一年内重复住院等。结果两组间比较有统计学意义。结论为糖尿病患者提供健康教育,增加了患者的糖尿病相关知识,减少了血糖波动和并发症,提高了糖尿病患者的生活质量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to