糖尿病足部辅具研究进展

 糖尿病足是糖尿病患者最严重的并发症之一。设计合理的足部辅具可有效实现糖尿病患者足底高压区域卸载和足底压力分布优化，有助于降低足溃疡发生率和复发率、延缓足溃疡恶化和截肢周期。综述了糖尿病足部的评估方法、足部辅具的设计原则、制作技术以及临床应用效果，分析发现研究主要以糖尿病足部形状与破损情况为依据，通过结构设计、材料组合等实现降低足底压力峰值、保护足部的目的。然而，目前的糖尿病足部辅具仍需进一步结合足部生理参数监测、主动防护等功能，以更实时、准确地监测糖尿病足部健康水平，更智能、有效地维护足部健康。关键词糖尿病足；足部辅具；压力卸载；智能辅具

Advances in technical aids for diabetic foot

The diabetic foot is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. A well-designed footwear can effectively relieve the plantar pressure and optimize the pressure redistribution, to reduce the incidence of foot ulcers and amputation, and improve the health of the foot tissue and the quality of life in diabetics. This paper reviews the pre-clinical diagnosis of the diabetic foot, the design principles and the manufacturing technology of the diabetic foot orthoses, and related clinical effects. It is found that the current diabetic foot orthoses are mainly designed for optimizing the distribution of the plantar pressure, but without a proper physiological evaluation and an active protection, which should be considered in the further design of intelligent technical aids for the diabetic foot.