BaO—PbO—Bi_2O_3－Nd_2O_3－TiO_2系陶瓷的物相和电性能

研究ＢａＯ－ＰｂＯ－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－Ｎｄ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＯ２五元系统在８００～１２００℃烧结中物相变化和电性能．ＸＲＤ测试数据：１０００℃时ＢａＴｉＯ３消失，主晶相为ＢａＴｉ４Ｏ９、Ｂｉ４Ｔｉ３Ｏ１２和Ｎｄ２Ｔｉ２Ｏ７，ＢａＮｄ２Ｔｉ５Ｏ１４开始出现，１１００℃到１１５０℃，Ｂｉ４Ｔｉ３Ｏ１２在ＸＲＤ图上消失，ＢａＴｉ４Ｏ９和Ｎｄ２Ｔｉ２Ｏ７含量逐渐减少，ＢａＮｄ２ＴｉＯ１４逐渐增加；１２００℃时，ＸＲＤ图谱全部为ＢａＮｄ２Ｔｉ５Ｏ１４，证明该系统的主晶相ＢａＮｄ２Ｔｉ５Ｏ１４是由Ｎｄ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２对具有微波特性的ＢａＴｉ４Ｏ９改性而得：铅含量增加，主晶相的ａ、ｂ二晶轴缩短．调整各组分及玻璃的含量，获得ε＝９０±５、损耗ｔｇδ≤３×１０－４、绝缘电阻ρｖ≥１０１２Ωｃｍ、电容量温度系数αｃ＝０±１５×１０－６／℃、中温（１１５０℃）烧结的ＮＰＯＭＬＣ瓷料．     

原材料特性对 SiC-TiB_2 复合陶瓷性能的影响

以微米级α－ＳｉＣ粉为原料,用常压烧结法制备ＳｉＣ－１５％ＴｉＢ２（体积分数）复合陶瓷．研究了原材料特性如烧结助剂种类、增韧相类型和原料ＳｉＣ粉粒度对材料性能和显微组织的影响．结果表明,Ａｌ－Ｂ－Ｃ是ＳｉＣ－ＴｉＢ２复合陶瓷的有效烧结助剂．用它为助剂制备的陶瓷其相对密度和抗弯强度高于以Ｂ－Ｃ,Ａｌ－Ｃ和Ｓｉ－Ｃ为助剂的ＳｉＣ陶瓷．与纯ＴｉＢ２粉末相比,以ＴｉＢ２－ＳｉＣ复合粉为增韧相的复合陶瓷性能改善,且抗氧化性较好．ＳｉＣ原料粉末的粒度是影响ＳｉＣ可烧结性最重要的因素．粒度愈细,ＳｉＣ陶瓷的相对密度和抗弯强度愈高．     

细晶氧化铝瓷研究

实验研究ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－ＳｉＯ２熔块对Ａｌ２Ｏ３瓷烧结的作用结果表明：在２０％ｗｔ％ＣａＯ，３０ｗｔ％ＭｇＯ，５０ｗｔ％ＳｉＯ２区域附近的熔块能很好地促进Ａｌ２Ｏ３瓷的低温烧结；除了第２相对晶界的钉扎作用以及固溶作用外，ＭｇＯ在烧结中的作用能维持ＣａＯ／ＳｉＯ２比，即维持烧结系统中的液相量；Ｌａ２Ｏ３，Ｓｍ２Ｏ３能使Ａｌ２Ｏ３瓷的烧结温度下降大约３０℃，其表面显微结构也有所改善。     

烧结温度对PSBN铁电陶瓷介电性能的影响

用普通的电子陶瓷工艺制备了ＰｂＯ－ＳｒＯ－ＢａＯ－Ｎｂ２Ｏ５（ＰＳＢＮ）系统民陶瓷，研究了ＰＳＢＮ系统铁电陶瓷的介电性能与烧结温度的关系，ＸＲＤ分析表明：ＰＳＢＮ系统铁电陶瓷的主晶相是Ｐｂ０．７Ｂａ０．３Ｎｂ２Ｏ６（ＰＢＮ）、Ｓｒ０．５Ｂａ０．５Ｎｂ２Ｏ６（ＳＢＮ）和Ｂａ０．２７Ｓｒ０．７５Ｎｂ２Ｏ５．７８（ＢＳＮ），将这一复杂的化学系统看作三元系固熔体，其中ＰＢＮ、ＳＢＮ和ＢＳＮ各相比例随烧结温     

碱土云母可切削玻璃陶瓷的研究

基于Ｂａ０．５Ｍｇ３（Ｓｉ３ＡｌＯ１０）Ｆ２－Ｍｇ２Ａｌ４Ｓｉ５Ｏ１８－Ｃａ３（ＰＯ４）２系统，制备出了含Ｂａ碱土云母为主晶相的可切削玻璃陶瓷，弯曲强度σｂ＝２２９ＭＰａ，断裂韧性ＫＩＣ＝２．４８ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，钻孔速度大于７ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ。优良性能的获得借助于Ｂａ云母玻璃陶瓷可控的微观组织，即相互交错的云母晶体和“卷心菜”的组织特征。     

Al2O3—ZrO2—SiC陶瓷的快速烧结与力学性能

研究反应结合Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ３－ＳｉＣ复合陶瓷的快速烧结工艺和力学性能,讨论反应结合过程及物相变化,快速烧结是抑制晶粒生长,获得均匀,细微,致密结构有效途径Ｎｏ．３复合陶瓷在１５５０℃经１０ｍｉｎ的快速烧结,材料的力生能达到了较好水平,经度５５５ＭＰａ,断裂韧性３．６ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２维氏硬度１７．１ＧＰａ。     

包覆法添加烧结助剂制备Al2O3／SiCp复相陶瓷

通过包覆的方法将烧结助剂Ｙ２Ｏ３均匀地加入到陶瓷粉体中,用无压烧结制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣｐ复相陶瓷材料。在Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣ混合粉体上覆一层Ｙ（ＯＨ）３后,素坏结构均匀,且有利于提高素坏致密性。在较佳条件下,材料的相对密度和强调分别达到９６．８％和３６４ＭＰａ。     

（Ba_（1－x）Nd_x）TiO_3系陶瓷的电性能

研究了不同Ｎｄ３＋浓度（０．１ｍｏｌ％～２ｍｏｌ％）掺杂的ＢａＴｉＯ３陶瓷的电性能．结果表明，当Ｎｄ３＋浓度为０．１ｍｏｌ％～０．２ｍｏｌ％时，轻度Ｎｄ３＋掺杂的ＢａＴｉＯ３陶瓷是半导性，而当Ｎｄ３＋为０．６ｍｏｌ％～２ｍｏｌ％时呈绝缘性．ＢａＴｉＯ３陶瓷室温下的体电阻车ρＶ随Ｎｄ３＋浓度的变化呈Ｕ型特性曲线，当Ｎｄ３＋＝０．１５ｍｏｌ％时材料具有最低的ρＶ和最佳的正温系数（ＰＴＣＲ）效应，相应于最大的平均晶粒尺寸ＡＧＳ和介电常数ε。随着Ｎｄ３＋浓度的增加．材料的ε和居里常数Ｃ下降，同时ε与Ｃ值密切相关．ＳＥＭ照片显示了Ｎｄ３＋含量对材料晶粒尺寸的强烈影响．此外，还分析了ＺｒＯ２对（Ｂａ１－ｘＮｄｘ）ＴｉＯ３系陶瓷电性能的影响．     

Al2O3-WO3二元系线性热敏材料研究

利用激光烧结工艺合成了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＷＯ３系列ＮＴＣ热敏陶瓷材料．研究发现,这种陶瓷材料在一定的组分范围和工艺条件下,在较宽的温区内,其阻温特性呈现良好的线性关系．Ｘ－ｒａｙ衍射分析表明,经激光烧结的ＮＴＣ热敏材料中含有Ａｌ２Ｏ３,Ａｌ２（ＷＯ４）３和ＡｌｘＷＯ３相,且此材料中的导电相为钨青铜结构的ＡｌｘＷＯ３．ＡｌｘＷＯ３相是在Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＷＯ３二元系平衡相图中所没有的．     

甲烷氧化偶联Ba—ZrO2催化剂的研究

发现掺有碱土金属组份的ＺｒＯ２样品形成ＡＺｒＯ２，样品形成ＡＺｒＯ３相，其对甲烷氧化偶联反应显示出相当好的催化活性和选择性（其中Ａ＝Ｃａ，Ｓｒ，Ｂａ，尤以Ｂａ为佳）。大量ＢａＣＯ３相的存在有利于进一步提高催化剂的选择性；对于９０ｍｏｌ％Ｂａ－ＺｒＯ２，催化剂在７５０℃，６０００ｍｌ．ｇ＾－１．ｈ＾－１，ＣＨ４：Ｏ２：Ｎ２＝３．８：１．０：９．０（摩尔比）的条件下，Ｃ２烃选择性为５６．９％，ｃ2烃得     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to