用循环酶反应器系统测定固化酶动力学常数

本文提出利用循环酶反应器系统研究固定化酶反应机理及测定有关动力学参数的方法。用此法分析以聚丙烯酸甲酯为载体的固定化糖化酶反应动力学获知,该反应为产物竞争性抑制反应,它的表观米氏常数K_M=4.66×10~(-3)mol/L,产物葡萄糖抑制常数K_I=3.78×10~(-3)mol/L,固定化酶的比活性(?)=0.85U/g干固定化酶。     

固定化多核苷酸磷酸化酶的特性研究

对用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶,制备的固定化多核苷酸磷酸化酶与游离酶的特性比较表明:在以CDP为底物时,游离酶的km=6.4×10~(-3)M,而固定化酶的km(表观)=9.14×10~(-3)M,比游离酶增大,固定化酶的最适温度范围扩宽,稳定性提高。     

大孔GAM珠状聚合物固定化青霉素酰化酶催化性能的研究

应用反相悬浮技术合成了大孔甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)-丙烯酰胺(AM)-N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAA)珠状三元聚合物GAM,并用于制备固定化青霉素酰化酶.在37℃时,用固定化酶PA/GAM(粒径0.10~0.13 mm)水解青霉素G制备6-氨基青霉烷酸(6-APA),其表观活性为569 IU/g,表观米氏常数k′m为1.7×10-2mol/L,最大反应速度vmax为6.1×10-4mol/min,水解反应最适温度为50℃,最适pH值为8.0.固定化酶在pH值为4.0~9.0,且温度低于40℃时活性稳定,经20次间歇操作使用后,催化活性没有明显衰减,有良好的应用前景.     

葡萄糖酶电极的制备和测试

以自制的铂电极为基础,制备了葡萄糖酶电极,并测试了淀粉-糖化酶水解液中的葡萄糖,测定的范围为2×10~(-6)～5×10~(-3)mol/L。     

电位溶出分析法连续测定食用螺中的汞和铜

应用电位溶出法对食用螺中的汞、铜进行了连续测定。其测定介质为0.4mol/l NaNO0.01mol/l NaAc—0.4mol/lHAc(pH=3.0),以4.36×10~(-5)mol/l KM_nO_4为氧化剂,利用食用螺本身所含Cu(Ⅱ)为敏化剂。采用标准加入法进行分析,所得汞和铜的结果分别与测汞仪法和原子吸收法相对照。本方法的回收率汞为101—102％,铜为96.8—102％,检出限汞为2.19×10~(-9)mol/l,铜为1.99×10~(-10)mol/l。     

微球形固定化α-葡萄糖苷酶的制备

将粉末状壳聚糖制备成微球形多孔载体 ,采用吸附 -交联的方法将TGL固定化 .研究表明 ,制备微球形多孔壳聚糖载体的关键取决于壳聚糖原料的分子量分布、壳聚糖的稀酸溶液浓度以及凝结液的组成等因素 ;当壳聚糖的相对分子质量为 3.0× 10 5左右 ,壳聚糖溶液浓度为 2 .5% ,凝结液组成为 2mol/LNaOH∶4 0 %甲醛 =3∶2 (体积比 )或2mol/LNaOH∶甲醇 =3∶1(体积比 )时 ,可制得微球形多孔壳聚糖载体 .最佳固定化条件研究表明 ,对于脱乙酰度为 88%的壳聚糖载体 ,加酶量为 3× 10 5Unit/g时 ,在 pH 6.0条件下 ,室温吸附 8h ,然后用 2 .0 %的戊二醛在 4 5℃交联 9h ,可得到固定化酶的活力为2 .34 2× 10 5Unit/g ,酶活力回收率为 78.1% ,并具有较好的强度 .     

聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯固定化青霉素酰化酶性质的研究

应用反相悬浮技术合成了珠状甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯 - N ,N′-亚甲基双 (丙烯酰胺 )共聚物 ,并将巨大芽孢杆菌 ( Bacillus megaterium)青霉素酰化酶共价偶联到甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物载体上 ,制成固定化青霉素酰化酶 ,其表观活性为 3 71 U/g(干重 ) ,水解青霉素 G钾盐的最适温度为 47°C,最适 p H为 8.5 ,在 p H4.5～ 9.0 ,温度 40°C以下时酶的活性稳定 ,表观米氏常数 Km为 1 .3 3× 1 0 -2 mol/L ,最大反应速度 vmax为 1 .2 7× 1 0 -5mol/min,固定化酶在 4°C冰箱保存 3 5 d,再水解 w=0 .0 2的青霉素 G钾盐溶液 ,重复使用 3 0次 ,保留酶活性 88.1 %。     

文昌鱼酸性磷酸酶的分离提纯及其性质的初步研究

从厦门文昌鱼Branchiostoma belcheri(Gray)体内部分提纯一种酸性磷酸酶制剂。酶液比活力6.467μmole/mg prot/30min,提纯47倍,以等电聚焦法测其等电点为pH4.05。该酶在醋酸盐缓冲系统(37℃)中,以苯磷酸二钠为底物,测得最适pH4.5,K_m值为1.25×10~(-3)M(以对硝基苯磷酸二纳为底物测得最适pH4.5,K_m值为2.08×10~(-4)M)。pH影响K_m值而不影响V_(max),表现为竞争性类型。在不同温度条件下,测其活化能为9.15千卡/克分子。F~-,Hg~(2+),Mo~(6+)表现不同的抑制,PCMB终浓度为5×10~4M时酶活力下降70％。     

中华猕猴桃蛋白酶分离提纯及性质研究

以中华猕猴桃鲜果为材料,经调节pH,硫酸铵盐析,除果胶以及DEAE—纤维素(E22)柱层折纯化,获得电泳单一区带酶制剂。以牛碳氧血红蛋白为底物,酶的最适温度为45—50℃,最适pH为3.7—4.0,K_m值为2.78×10~(-5)M,K_(cat)为2.01×10~2/min,pH影响V_(max)而不影响K_m值,表现为非竞争性抑制作用。该酶的活活化能为6.84kcal/mol,ΔH为6.24—6.20kcal/mol(30—50℃),同时还进行了酶的热稳定性研究。     

邻苯二胺与漆树漆酶反应的微量热法研究

在厌氧条件下,0.1mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PH7.4)中,用微量热法测定了298.15K时漆树漆酶与邻苯二胺反应的摩尔反应焓△rHm=-293.58±0.29KJ/mol,米氏常数Km=0.103mol/L和表现一级反应速率常数k_1=9.42×10~(-4)S~(-1)及此条件下邻苯二胺作底物时的漆酶活性值E_A=O.1103IU.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-