Sol-Gel法在不同衬底上制备的LaNiO_3导电薄膜的性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶法快速成膜工艺分别在Si(100),SiO2/Si,Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si不同基底上制备LaNiO3导电薄膜,并分别以LNO和Pt/Ti为基底制备PZT薄膜。通过XRD,AFM,EDS等测试手段对LNO导电薄膜的结构及组成进行表征,并通过XRD,介电性能的测试比较LNO/Si和Pt/Ti沉积PZT薄膜的性能。结果表明,在Si(100),Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si上制备的LaNiO3导电薄膜是赝立方结构,而在SiO2/Si衬底上是四方结构。在Si(100)上得到的LNO薄膜致密、平整,可以作为制备PZT薄膜的导电层。在LNO和Pt/Ti上制备的PZT薄膜均为钙钛矿结构,且PZT/LNO薄膜各衍射峰强度优于PZT/Pt/Ti;而介电性能方面,PZT/LNO较PZT/Pt/Ti稍差,100kHz时,PZT/LNO和PZT/Pt/Ti的介电常数和介电损耗分别为562,0.29;408,0.037。     

脉冲激光沉积法制备的Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3铁电薄膜漏电机理

利用准分子脉冲激光器在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(111)衬底上制备了Pb(Zr0.4Ti0.6)O3(PZT)铁电薄膜.利用掩膜技术,采用磁控溅射法在PZT薄膜上生长Pt上电极,构架了Pt/PZT/Pt铁电电容器异质结.采用X射线衍射和电容耦合测试技术分别表征了PZT铁电薄膜的微结构和电学性能.研究发现:在5 V的测试电压下,在560℃较低的沉积温度下生长的PZT薄膜电容器的剩余极化强度为187 C/m2、矫顽电压为2.0 V、漏电流密度为2.5×10-5A/cm2.应用数学拟合的方法研究了Pt/PZT/Pt的漏电机理,发现当电压小于1.22 V时,Pt/PZT/Pt电容器对应欧姆导电机理;当电压大于2.30 V时,对应非线性的界面肖特基传导(Schottky emission)机理.     

热处理对PZT薄膜织构形成的影响

分别采用传统热处理(CFA)和快速热处理(RTA)对室温溅射在Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100)基片上的Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT)进行了晶化处理.结果表明:RTA倾向于形成(111)占优取向,而CFA倾向于形成(100)占优取向.不同工艺条件下的取向选择来源于形核机制的不同.在CFA条件下,形核在薄膜表面的PbO(100) 处发生,导致(100)占优取向;在RTA条件下,形核在基片附近的Pt3Pb(111)/PZT界面处发生,导致(111)占优取向.铁电性能测试表明,由RTA处理得到的具有(111)占优取向的PZT薄膜剩余极化达到35 μC/cm2.     

Cu2S阻性存储薄膜的制备及开关特性研究

采用脉冲激光沉积（PLD）方法于室温下在Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si（111）及高导电的Si（111）衬底上制备了Cu2S固体电解质薄膜,后经X-射线衍射、原子力显微技术对薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌进行了表征.通过400℃退火的Cu2S薄膜在Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si（111）衬底上取向生长,而在高导电性Si（111）衬底上则无取向生长.最好用聚焦离子束刻蚀技术及PLD方法制备了Cu/Cu2S/Pt及Cu/Cu2S/Si（111）记忆单元,这些记忆单元都显示了较好的电阻开关特性,但是在不同衬底上制备的记忆元的＂关态＂与＂开态＂的电阻比表现出较大的差异,这些差异被归结为非反应电极与Cu2S薄膜间的不同界面性质所致.     

RuO2/Pt复合电极对BST梯度薄膜介电性能的影响

采用直流磁控溅射方法在Ti／SiO2／Si（100）衬底上制备RuO2／Pt复合电极,研究在复合电极上沉积的BST薄膜的微观结构及其对BST梯度薄膜电学性能的影响．实验结果表明：沉积在RuO2／Pt复合电极上的BST梯度薄膜在测试频率为100kHz时,介电常数为324．8,介电损耗为0．0189在75kV／cm外电场下漏电流密度为1．29×10^-6A／cm^2;在Pt电极和RuO2／Pt复合电极上分别制备的BST薄膜的介电损耗和漏电流基本上相似,没有太大的区别．但在375kV／cm外电场下RuO2／Pt复合电极上沉积的BST的介电调谐率为31．2％,比直接沉积在Pt上的BST的介电调谐率高7．4％,显示出较好的C—V特性．     

集成铁电器件用LaNiO3薄膜电极的结构与电学性能

采用化学溶液沉积法在(100)Si,SiO2/Si,(100)Al2O3,(100)MgO,(100)SrTiO3(STO),(100)ZrO2等衬底上制备了LaNiO3(LNO)薄膜,研究了热处理温度对薄膜结构和电性能的影响.结果显示,衬底种类影响LNO薄膜的结晶,其中STO衬底上的LNO薄膜呈高a轴择优取向成长,且其电阻率最低,为0.87 mΩ.cm.而对于Si衬底上的LNO薄膜,随着热处理温度升高,晶粒尺寸增大,电阻率降低,在750℃时电阻率达到最低值(1.52 mΩ.cm),其后热处理温度的升高导致杂相的形成,电阻率反而上升.扫描电镜观察证实这些LNO薄膜光滑、致密、均匀且无裂纹.结果表明,制得的LNO薄膜可用作集成铁电薄膜器件的底电极.     

Nb掺杂对Bi3．25La0．75Ti3O12薄膜微观结构与性能的影响

采用Sol—gel法在p—Si和Pt／Ti／SiO3／Si衬底上制备了Bi3．25La0．75Ti3O12（BLTN）电薄膜,研究了Nb掺杂量对薄膜微观结构、介电和铁电性能的影响。结果表明：650℃退火处理的BLTN薄膜具有单一的层状钙钛矿结构,表面平整致密,且为随机取向;Nb掺杂量X在0．06的BLTN薄膜介电与铁电性能优良,剩余极化Pr和Ec分别为21．6℃／cm^2和96．8kV／cm,室温下,在测试频率为10kHz时,薄膜的介电常数为386．介电损耗为0．69％。     

PZT铁电薄膜的射频磁控溅射制备及其性能

实验采用射频磁控溅射工艺,在较低的衬底温度(370℃)、纯Ar气氛中和在(111)Pt/Ti/S iO2/S i衬底上用陶瓷靶Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3(PZT)制备具有完全钙钛矿结构的多晶PZT(52/48)铁电薄膜,沉积过程中基片架作15°摇摆以提高膜厚的均匀性,然后在大气环境中对沉积的PZT薄膜进行快速热退火处理。用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)和Auger电子能谱(AES)测量其组分,X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析PZT薄膜的相结构和结晶取向,RT66A标准铁电测试系统分析Pt/PZT/Pt/Ti/S iO2/S i电容器的电学特性。结果表明:PZT铁电薄膜具有较高的剩余极化(Pr=44.9μC/cm2)和低的漏电流(10-8A量级)。     

不同衬底对溅射Pb(Zr_(0.8)Ti_(0.20))O_3薄膜的结构及其性能的影响

利用射频磁控溅射法在低阻Si,Si O2/Si以及Pt/Ti/Si O2/Si等不同衬底上制备了Pb(Zr0.8Ti0.2)O3薄膜.利用XRD,SEM等对薄膜的结构性能进行了分析,结果发现不同衬底对溅射制备的PZT薄膜的结构有很大影响.在Pt/Ti/Si O2/Si衬底上制备的PZT薄膜经600℃退火1h后,薄膜表面光滑、无裂纹,XRD分析显示PZT薄膜呈完全钙钛矿结构,测试PZT薄膜的电学性能,表明PZT薄膜具有良好的介电性能.     

Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti2.97Mg0.03O12薄膜的铁电性能研究

在退火温度为600℃、650℃、700℃和750℃的条件下,采用化学溶液沉积法（CSD）,在Pt/Ti/Si O2/Si（100）基底上制备了4批Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti2.97Mg0.03O12（BNTM）铁电薄膜.同时,研究了退火温度对薄膜结晶性能、表面形貌以及铁电性能（剩余极化和漏电流）的影响.结果表明,经650℃退火处理的BNTM铁电薄膜具有较好的铁电性能,其剩余极化强度（2Pr）和矫顽场（2Ec）分别为37.8μC/cm^2和182.2kV/cm,漏电流密度达到1.61E-7 A/cm^2.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-