自适应遗传算法在PID控制参数优化中的应用

针对传统的PID控制中参数整定的难题，采用智能控制技术优化PID参数，利用神经网络进行系统辨识，建立对象模型；在此模型基础上，运用遗传算法寻优PID控制参数，采用变交叉概率和变异概率自适应遗传算法寻优得到PID控制参数，与传统的整定结果相比较，遗传算法优化效果更好，最终达到最优的控制效果．     

基于遗传算法的离散和连续系统辨识

阐述了遗传算法应用于离散和连续系统中直接辨识物理参数。该方法能有效地克服有色噪声的干扰 ,获得系统参数的无偏估计。对离散系统的辨识仿真结果说明了该方法的有效性     

基于遗传算法的二阶惯性加纯滞后模型辨识

遗传算法是一种通过模拟自然进化过程的群智能优化算法,将遗传算法应用到系统辨识方法中,能够解决作图法和两点法随意性大,不能充分利用工业现场数据的问题,从而提高辨识精度。辨识结果表明:遗传算法是模型参数估计的有效工具。该文基于遗传算法的二阶惯性加纯滞后模型辨识搜索最优解的方法,解决全局最优化问题。     

基于遗传算法的离散和连续系统辩识

阐述了遗传算法于离散和连续系统中直接辨识物理参数，该方法能有效地克服了色噪声的干扰，获得系统参数的无偏估计，对离散系统的辨识仿真结果说明了该方法的有效性。     

混合遗传算法在CSTR中应用

针对遗传算法（GA）收敛速度慢,不利于在实时控制中应用这一问题,构造出一种快速收敛的混合遗传算法（HGA）,该算法利用遗传算法的全局搜索能力,并采用Nelder—Mead单纯形法来加强算法的局部搜索能力,加快了算法的收敛效率．将基于该混合遗传算法的模型参考自适应控制方法引入连续搅拌反应釜（CSTR）这一复杂的非线性系统,根据参考模型的输出,通过混合遗传算法对控制系统的PID参数进行在线寻优和在线调整,以达到参考模型所要求的控制效果,仿真结果表明了该方法的良好控制性能．     

离散变量结构优化设计的复合形遗传算法

对离散复合形法提出了一种新的初始点产生办法,并基于满应力思想,对离散复合形法的优化结果进行进一步搜索,提高了离散复合形法的局部寻优能力·为了弥补遗传算法自身的不足,把改进的复合形算法作为复合形算子嵌入到遗传算法中,以提高遗传算法的局部寻优能力;同时对遗传操作过程做了改进,如在进化初期采用大的交叉率,以尽快筛选出最优个体;对最差个体采用大的变异率,使其向最优解逼近,从而建立了一种离散变量结构优化设计的混合遗传算法·算例表明这种混合遗传算法优于基本遗传算法和改进的复合形法,是可行和有效的·     

动态小生境遗传算法在多模函数优化中的应用

提出一种基于动态小生境技术的自适应遗传算法．算法的进化过程中，通过物种的辨识和保存过程确定小生境的峰值，引入个体趋向于高适应度的方向这一控制参数控制搜索的方向，采用自适应调整种群距离的方法控制搜索的范围，大大提高了搜索效率．仿真试验表明，该算法能够很好地保持解的多样性，同时具有很高的全局寻优能力和收敛速度，适合求解复杂多峰函数优化问题．     

遗传算法的双线性模型参数辨识

本文以遗传算法为基础 ,提出了一种辨识双线性离散动态系统模型参数的方法。该方法能够有效地克服噪声的污染 ,获得双线性系统参数的无偏估计值。应用该算法对双线性系统进行仿真表明 ,该方法辨识精度高 ,稳定性好     

遗传算法与传统优化方法应用于电力负荷建模的比较研究

将遗传算法应用于电力系统综合负荷建模．以三阶感应电动机为综合负荷模型,以待辨识参数为未知向量,以系统实测与模型响应误差平方和为目标函数;以随机初始种群为基础进行交叉一变异一选择运算并产生下一代种群;通过若干代进化即可获得具有足够精度的辨识结果．通过实验数据将遗传算法与传统模式搜索算法的建模结果比较,表明遗传算法所得模型的描述精度比模式搜索法高10倍,其模型参数呈现很好的稳健性,从而有效地克服了传统优化方法的模型参数分散性。     

基于自适应混合引力搜索算法的混沌系统参数辨识

针对混沌系统未知参数的辨识问题,结合人工蜂群搜索算子和混沌优化策略,提出一种自适应混合引力搜索算法,并应用于混沌系统未知参数的优化辨识.利用混沌序列初始化种群以增强搜索初期的遍历性,基于人工蜂群搜索算子进行变异操作以提高算法的局部寻优能力,依据粒子的性能对进化过程中的万有引力系数进行自适应调整,有效避免了早熟收敛,提高了算法的整体寻优性能.以测试函数和典型混沌系统为例进行仿真实验,结果证明该算法具有良好的全局探测和局部开发能力,与遗传算法、粒子群算法、量子粒子群算法和引力搜索算法比较,其对混沌系统参数的估计具有相对较高的辨识精度和收敛速度,算法的有效性得到了验证.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to