不同强度等级混凝土的断裂韧度、断裂能

采用尺寸为１５０ｍｉｎ×１５０ｍｍ×１５０ｍｍ三组楔入劈拉试件进行断裂试 验，研究不同强度等级混凝土的断裂韧度ＫＩＣ、断裂能ＧＦ及临界裂缝尖端张 开位移（Ｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌ Ｃｒａｃｋ Ｔｉｐ Ｏｐｅｎｉｎｇ Ｄｉｓｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔ）ＣＴＯＤｃ．研究结果表明， ＫＩＣ、ＧＦ随着抗压强度ｆｃ、劈裂抗拉强度ｆｔ的增大而增大，并且成线性关系； ＣＴＯＤｃ则不随试件的强度变化而变化．这与金属材料的断裂特性有明显的 区别．     

骨料粒径对混凝土断裂参数的影响

采用尺寸为４５０ｍｍ×４５０ｍｍ×４５０ｍｍ四组共１６块不同骨料粒径的楔入劈拉试件进行了断裂试验，研究骨料最大粒径Ｄ＿（ｍａｘ）对混凝土断裂韧度Ｋ＿（ＩＣ）、断裂能Ｇ＿Ｆ以及临界裂缝尖端张开位移ＣＴＯＤ＿ｃ的影响．结果表明，Ｋ＿（ＩＣ）、Ｇ＿Ｆ随骨料最大粒径Ｄ＿（ｍａｘ）的变化而变化。当Ｄ＿（ｍａｘ）≤４０ｍｍ时，Ｋ＿（ＩＣ）、Ｇ＿Ｆ随Ｄ＿（ｍａｘ）的增大而增大；当Ｄ＿（ｍａｘ）＞４０ｍｍ时，Ｋ＿（ＩＣ）、Ｇ＿Ｆ随Ｄ＿（ｍａｘ）的增大而减小且趋于稳定．而ＣＴＯＤ＿ｃ则与Ｄ＿（ｍａｘ）无关．     

混凝土窄条断裂区模型及其应用

以大量的实验观察结果为依据，提出了描述混凝土类半脆性固体材料失稳断裂前存在着裂缝稳定缓慢增长过程的窄条断裂模型．根据这一模型，提出了采用ＣＴＯＤｃ作控制参数来求解失稳断裂前的有效裂缝扩展量Δａｃ和等效断裂韧度～ＫＩＣ的计算方法．结果表明，将初始缝长ａ０加上Δａｃ进行有效裂缝长度修正后求得的～ＫＩＣ与试件尺寸无关，因而ＣＴＯＤｃ和～ＫＩＣ有希望作为控制混凝土类半脆性固体材料断裂的双参数准则．     

准分子激光诱导CVD淀积低电阻率SnO_2薄膜

采用准分子激光诱导ＣＶＤ淀积ＳｎＯ＿２透明导电薄膜，并在其生长过程中进行掺杂Ｓｂ的实验，研究了薄膜生长速率及薄膜电阻率与激光能量密度的关系，得到了电阻率为１．４９×１０￣（－３）Ω·ｃｍ的高质量的ＳｎＯ＿２薄膜。     

稀土金属镱及钇苦味酸盐与苯并15冠5配合物的晶体和分子结构

标题化合物Ｙｂ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ｉ）及Ｙ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ⅱ）为同晶结构，均为３斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ－对晶体（Ｉ），ａ＝１２．７５３（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８１０（２）Ａ．ｃ＝１９．６０９（２）Ａ，α＝８１．３７（３）°，β＝７１．５８（３）°，γ＝７０．７１（２）°，Ｚ＝２．Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．４６８ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１５．９２８ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１４７１，０４，Ｆ（０００）＝７４５，Ｒ＝０．０３１，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０３９；对晶体（Ⅱ），α＝１２．７８５（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８５０（３）Ａ，ｃ＝１９．５７１（２）Ａ，α＝８１．０５（３）°，β＝７０．９２（２）°，γ＝７０．６２（３）°，Ｚ＝２，Ｄｃ＝ｌ．４８５ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１０．４４１ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１３８６．９ｌ，Ｆ（０００）＝７ｌ４，Ｒ＝０．０６５，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０７８．测定结果表明，中心稀土离子Ｙｂ￣（３＋）（或Ｙ￣（３＋）直接与３个苦味酸阴离子和２个水分子配位，此水化镱（或钇）苦味酸盐通过水桥氢键与冠醚Ｂｌ５Ｃ５相联而形成一个大的疏水性     

混凝土圆柱体劈拉强度的尺寸效应

通过对受对称分布力作用下劈裂试件中受拉面积的计算和试验论证，得出了不同直径的劈裂试件，当其劈裂面上的受拉面积相同时，具有相同的劈拉强度，并以此为依据，得出了用韦伯理论表示的混凝土劈拉强度的尺寸效应系数。Φ４５ｃｍ×４５ｃｍ试件的劈拉强度为Φ１５ｃｍ×１５ｃｍ试件的０．６９倍，更大试件的劈拉强度尺寸效应系数可望收敛于０．６５。     

双核Cu（Ⅱ）配合物[Cu2（C6H5COO）4（C4H8O）2]晶体结构的分析

利用铜粉和过氧化苯甲酰的氧化加成反应，在四氢呋喃存在下生成［Ｃｕ＿２（Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿５ＣＯＯ）＿４（Ｃ＿４Ｈ＿８Ｏ）＿２］配合物。结果表明：配合物属于单斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ２（１）／ｎ，ａ＝９．９９０（２），ｂ＝１０．５４０（２），ｃ＝１７．１８９（７），α＝γ＝９０°β＝１００．４４（３）°，Ｖ＝１７７９．９，Ｚ＝２，Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．４１０ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），Ｍｒ＝７５５．７６，Ｒ＝０．０５０７９，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０５８４３。     

抗类风湿药物锝克湿A剂中高锝酸盐的高效液相色谱测定

利用反相高效液相色谱（ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ）建立了抗类风湿药物锝克湿Ａ剂中高锝酸盐（ＴｃＯ＿４）的分析鉴定和含量测定方法。将待测样品进行浓缩处理后，在Ｃ＿８反相色谱柱上进行ＨＰＬＣ分析测定，对ＴｃＯ＿４的检测极限为２．５×１０￣（－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，回收率为９８％～１０２％；该法还可用于￣（９９ｍ）Ｔｃ标记药盒中￣（９９ｍ）ＴｃＯ＿４的检测。     

Pb（Ⅱ）、Zn（Ⅱ）与5－Br－PADAP络合平衡的研究

本文研究了Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ及Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）－５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ络合反应体系的吸收光谱，用基于Ｒｏｓｅｎｂｒｏｃｋ算法的最优化程序处理了光度测量数据，发现Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ形成１：１络合物，稳定常数ｌｇβ＿１＝１１．２１，摩尔吸光系数ε＿１＝６．２×１０￣４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１）；Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）在ｃ＿Ｌ＞ｃ＿Ｍ的条件下主要形成１：２络合物，ｌｇβ＿２＝２２．３６，ε＿２＝１．２８×１０￣５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１）。     

Mo离子注入Al_2O_3的表面改性

研究Ｍｏ离子注入Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３表面机械性能的变化及产生变化的原因，结果表明，Ｍｏ离子的注入，在Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３表面产生辐射损伤，使表面残余应力、表面硬度及断裂韧性提高；注入剂量Ｄ＞１×１０￣１７ｃｍ￣－２时，随着离子注入剂量增加，表层开始非晶化，导致表面残余应力及硬度下降，而断裂韧性仍继续得到改善。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-