(二)轻工业、手工业

1.新型解酒饮料该饮料是根据祖国医学理论,从多种天然食用植物中提取原汁配制而成(不包化学添加剂)。经多年动物和人体试验表明:人一次饮用60°白酒100ml,10分钟内饮用该饮料后,30分钟内每100ml 血中酒精含量毫克数可降低50％以上。该饮料除解酒作用外,尚有滋补脾胃,强体健身之功     

山楂红枣复合饮料生产工艺

山楂和红枣具有很高的营养和药用价值,山楂红枣复合饮料是以大金星鲜山楂和山西樱山干大枣为主要原料制成,既具有沙棘、酸枣、猕猴桃等饮品高VC的特点,又能弥补以上饮料“滋补”不足的缺陷,收到营养保健互补的效果。这种饮料酸甜适口,是果汁果肉型饮料中风味独特口感新颖的天然营养保健饮品。     

可乐饮料的加工技术

可乐饮料是当今世界上软饮料中的大宗产品。由于可乐饮料不同于一般碳酸饮料,已受到广大消费者的青睐。可乐饮料具有带有特殊刺激的芳香作用和兴奋作用,色泽呈红棕色,还具有焦糖的特殊香气,澄清透明,二氧化碳含量在3容积以上,有丰富的泡沫,甜酸爽口,成为饮料中一种特定的类型。下面介绍这种饮料的生产技术。     

不同热处理脱脂乳粉对褐色乳酸菌饮料稳定性的影响

比较了不同热处理脱脂乳粉的理化性质,并将其应用于褐色乳酸菌饮料生产,以鲜制脱脂乳为对照,探讨了不同脱脂乳原料以及褐色乳酸菌饮料生产工艺对饮料稳定性的影响。结果表明:不同热处理脱脂乳粉的蛋白质、脂肪、水分含量以及乳酸度均无显著差异(P>0.05)；但其乳化性、起泡性及乳清蛋白氮指数存在显著差异(P<0.05),随着乳粉受热程度增加,其乳化性、起泡性及稳定性下降。在饮料生产过程中,使用中温脱脂乳粉更有利于保持饮料的稳定性,而以高温、低温乳粉以及鲜制脱脂乳为原料的饮料稳定性欠佳；高温褐变使脱脂乳粒径、离心沉淀率增大,zeta电位降低,产品稳定性下降；均质处理及配料定容后稳定性提高。研究旨在为褐色乳酸菌饮料生产中有效地提高产品的稳定性提供技术参考。     

保健发酵饮料和口服液研究开发进展

一、前言 传统的发酵软饮料主要是指发酵乳类的饮料,即以牛乳、羊乳以及马乳为原料,经过乳酸菌和(或)酵母发酵而制成的产品。在这些发酵饮料中,各国有不同的规定,其中主要有三条指标,第一是乳中的固形物含量一般在8％以上;第二是乳酸菌活菌含量达到10~8个/ml,大肠杆菌群为阴性;第三是发酵酸度达到1.0％左右。传统的发酵乳以酸奶和液体     

中国民间饮料——四川苦丁茶的初步研究

茶叶、咖啡与可可并称世界三大植物饮料,但均含咖啡因。由于咖啡因对人体健康的影响长期以来存在争议,开发无咖啡因植物饮料遂成为食品界的热门课题之一。苦丁茶,是流行于我国四川、贵州、广西、安徽、江苏等地的民间饮料,但与真正的茶(Camellia sinensis)在植物学上毫无相关之处。据现有资料,各地称为苦丁茶的饮料其     

海南某地成熟椰子水成分分析

椰子水是椰子坚果腔内的液体胚乳(endospern),与人的体液等渗,它是一种营养十分丰富的天然饮料。对增强肾脏血液循环和利尿均有良好的作用,临床上可用于辅助治疗肝炎和肠胃炎;微生物学上可作为微生物培养基,在食品工业上可利用研制多种食品,如“Nata de coco”、椰子酒、椰子水饮料等。     

新型红茶果蔬饮料的研制

为了开发新型的红茶果蔬饮料,以不同产地的红茶样品、青萝卜、雪花梨和木瓜为原料,在不同条件下生产果蔬饮料,选用专业人员对果蔬汁进行打分评定.首先采用热回流装置和紫外分光光度法提取并测定不同红茶样品的咖啡碱含量,以含量最高的安化红茶为原料制作红茶咖啡碱原液,以口感最好的英德红茶为原料制作红茶提取液,佐以新鲜果蔬,采用正交试验方法以获取各种果蔬饮料的最佳生产工艺.结果表明,红茶青萝卜饮料的最佳配方为(除蔗糖为质量分数外,其余均为体积分数,下同):红茶咖啡碱原液5%,红茶提取液10%,青萝卜汁60%,蔗糖3.0%;红茶梨汁饮料的最佳配方为:红茶咖啡碱原液5%,红茶提取液10%,梨汁65%,蔗糖1.5%;红茶木瓜饮料的最佳配方为:红茶咖啡碱原液5%,红茶提取液10%,木瓜汁70%,蔗糖3.5%;红茶果蔬复合型饮料的最佳配方为:红茶咖啡碱原液5%,红茶提取液5%,青萝卜汁10%,梨汁30%,木瓜汁25%,蔗糖3.0%.     

几种含乳饮料理化性质的分析检测

选取市场中不同品牌不同品种的含乳饮料,对其理化指标和微生物指标进行检测。含乳饮料各项检测指标均符合国家标准,其蛋白质质量分数明显低于包装标示;乳酸菌饮料的总酸度明显高于配制奶和乳酸菌乳饮料;有效酸度中,乳酸菌乳饮料最高,配制奶其次,乳酸菌饮料相对最低;发酵奶糖度高于配制奶的糖度,可溶性固形物质量分数更高;离心沉淀率则体现含乳饮料的稳定性,3种饮料对比,乳酸菌饮料离心沉淀率最高,说明其最不稳定,很容易产生浑浊或沉淀,保存要求就会更高。大肠杆菌和菌落总数的检测主要表现饮品的卫生程度,检测结果表明,大肠杆菌为阴性,菌落总数未检出,即检测说明含乳饮料微生物指标符合要求,卫生良好。     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中的甜蜜素含量

目的：以常见三种饮料食品为研究对象,建立了液相色谱测定甜蜜素含量方法。方法：C18色谱柱,5μm,250×4．6mm;柱温：25℃;流动相：甲醇：5mmol／LTris缓冲溶液（pH65,5：95,V／V）;流速：1．2mL／min;紫外可见检测器,检测波长215nm。结果：对同一测常见饮料样品进行5次测量,其变异系数均小于2％,橘汁饮料、雪糕、冰淇淋中的甜蜜素含量分别为5．236、0．153、0．163g／g。结论：高效液相色谱法测定食品中的甜蜜素含量方法快速、简便,在食品检验中具有实际应用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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