多模型自适应前馈解耦控制器

当一类非最小相位系统参数发生跳变时,针对常规自适应控制系统暂态响应差的问题,提出一种基于多模型切换的多变量直接自适应前馈解耦控制器．该控制器由多个参数已知的固定控制器和2个自适应控制器构成．多个固定参数控制器可由系统参数模型通过映射直接得到,并且和邻域一起完全覆盖控制器参数模型集．通过加权多项式矩阵的选择,消除了稳态误差,实现了解耦控制,并给出了全局收敛性分析和覆盖性证明．仿真结果表明,暂态响应和解耦效果得到了提高。     

基于神经网络的自适应控制器

提出了一种基于神经网络的控制系统,将传统ＰＩＤ工程整定法与神经网络相结合,采用直接自适应控制方法,使基于神经网络的控制器在ＰＩＤ控制的基础上实现自适应控制,更有效地改善控制品质．     

基于在线神经网络的自适应控制器的设计与应用

针对线性控制系统自适应性较弱的缺点,在其基础上设计了一种基于在线神经网络的自适应控制器．该控制器根据被控对象和参考模型之间的误差调整网络权值,在线抵消被控对象的未建模动态特性和不确定因素．文中以某小卫星姿态控制系统为例,对所提出的自适应控制器进行设计和仿真．结果表明,神经网络以很高的精度跟踪和在线补偿不确定项,改善了线性控制系统的动态性能．     

互质稳定因子描述的动态不确定系统的控制器设计

对基于互质稳定因子描述的一类结构未建模动态系统提出一种控制器设计方案．在算法设计过程中采用了变结构控制与自适应控制相结合的方法．文中证明了所提方案能保证系统的全局输出有界稳定，并对系统的动态不确定性具有一定的鲁棒性．     

TCP网络的非线性自适应滑模控制

针对TCP网络存在网络参数高度变化和UDP流的情况,提出了两种非线性自适应滑模控制算法.考虑到系统不确定的上界很难获得,针对系统不确定的上界设计了一种自适应滑模控制器.由于使用了符号函数,该算法不能有效地抑制抖振.为此,设计了一种直接对不确定进行自适应的滑模控制器.仿真结果表明,对不确定的上界自适应的滑模控制器优于对上界自适应的滑模控制器,对上界自适应的滑模控制器优于PI控制器.     

一类非线性系统自适应模糊滑模控制器的设计

为了保证一类不确定非线性系统的稳定性,自适应模糊控制提出了附加监督控制的方法．在此基础上,结合滑模控制原理,提出了一种Ⅱ型间接自适应模糊滑模控制方法,该方法取消了监督控制,用滑模控制器增加了逼近误差的自适应补偿,理论分析证明控制系统全局稳定且跟踪误差收敛到零,然后将这种控制器应用到过程控制的典型对象液位控制中,仿真结果表明了该控制器的有效性和可行性．     

一类耦合系统的直接自适应神经网络控制

针对一类具有未知常数控制增益的耦合大系统，根据滑模控制原理，利用多层神经网络的逼近性质，提出了一种直接自适应滑模控制器的设计方案．通过在线调节神经网络的连接权、滑模控制增益，实现了对动态不确定性及建模误差的自适应补偿．利用李亚普诺夫方法，证明了自适应控制系统是全局稳定的，跟踪误差收敛到零．     

含时变不确定参数混沌系统的自适应跟踪控制

对一类含时变不确定参数的混沌系统,讨论了系统的自适应跟踪控制问题．基于李亚普诺夫函数方法,构造出了一类新的自适应控制器．该控制器的构造简单直接,无需对系统作更多的假设,构造控制器时,只需直接代入控制器的参数化公式．该控制器能控制混沌系统的状态全局渐近跟踪预先给定的任何有界轨线．仿真实例验证了所得控制器的有效性．     

基于极点配置的连续自适应控制器

把块脉冲函数的递推辨识算法与极点配置控制策略有机地结合起来，提出了一种新的连续时间自适应控制器。由于块脉冲函数递推辨识算法是一种能保持受控对象最小相位特性的连续时间参数估计方法，而极点配置控制策略是一种鲁棒控制方法，因此，本自适应控制器具有更加广阔的工程应用前景。文中给出了这种控制器的工作原理和设计方法，讨论了它的性能和实现问题。理论分析和水电站调速系统的仿真实验结果证实了本设计方法的有效性。     

直接作用式神经网络控制器研究

提出了一种新颖的直接作用式神经网络控制器，将其应用于铣床切削过程控制，使铣削力在加工条件变化时始终保持恒定．该控制器具有在线自学习能力，无需预先训练网络的权值，更不用建立控制对象的数学模型．实验结果表明其控制性能优越，自适应能力强．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.