溢油荧光光谱探测系统不同增益下的光谱定标

提出了一种采用氘灯、卤钨灯双标准光源对溢油荧光光谱探测系统进行光谱辐照度定标的方法,并使用光纤耦合余弦校准器对光谱仪的定标数据做了余弦校正。用于紫外-可见光波段溢油紫外光诱导荧光光谱的探测,解决了卤钨灯在(250—400)nm波段辐射强度弱和大多数光谱仪器在紫外波段响应较差而导致的定标困难问题。对增强型CCD不同的增益情况下分别进行了光谱仪辐射定标,分析了光谱探测信噪比对定标系数与增益之间的线性关系的影响。为荧光光谱探测的自动增益控制系统提供了有效的参考数据。使用定标后的光谱仪获取了柴油和润滑油经宽谱段紫外灯激发的诱导荧光光谱,其紫外光诱导荧光在360 nm处附近存在响应峰值,可以用于水面溢油监测。     

含席佛碱杯[4]芳烃衍生物的合成及其抗紫外抗氧化活性

为研究抗紫外抗氧化性能为一体的功能有机物,设计合成含席佛碱片段的杯[4]芳烃衍生物4,用1HNMR、13C NMR、IR及MS((Maldi-Tof))表征新化合物的结构.研究4在波长280~400 nm范围内的紫外光谱,用DPPH.法测定4对自由基的清除率.结果表明,4在325 nm处有明显的紫外吸收,有抗UVA活性;它对DPPH.的清除率达到34%,有一定的抗氧化活性.实验还发现,4的中间体5,11,17,23-四叔丁基-25,27-二羟基-26,28-二(酰肼基甲氧基)杯[4]芳烃3对自由基清除率很高,可达90%左右.     

酿酒酵母水解物紫外吸收性能的研究

以紫外线吸收性能为指标 ,研究确定了酿酒酵母的最佳水解条件。酵母水解物在 2 97nm( UVB)和 365nm( UVA)处的吸收值分别为 2 .57和 1 .54,具有良好的紫外吸收性能。     

三种不同波段的紫外光对发光细菌发光的抑制

观察了三种紫外线（UVA、UVB和UVC）对两种发光细菌（青海弧菌（V.qinghaiensis）和费氏弧菌(V.fischeri)）发光的影响.结果表明，三种紫外线均能在数分钟内抑制发光细菌的发光，并随辐照时间的延长而抑制增加，但细菌发光光谱并不改变.其中UVC对发光的抑制作用最强，依次为UVB和UVA.实验表明，极微小能量的紫外辐照（22 μW/cm²）6 min即足以导致发光被抑制.此外，紫外辐照造成细菌丙二醛含量明显升高，表明紫外辐照后细胞膜的脂质发生过氧化作用，细胞膜受到损伤，进而使细菌发光受到影响.     

UV-A型紫外辐照计的研制

紫外辐射测量在高分子化学、紫外感光、探伤、电子技术、紫外光源、植物栽培、医疗等领域有着重要而广泛的应用.UV-A型紫外辐照计是测定发光体紫外A波段(320～400nm)辐射强度的仪器,其分光响应如图1所示,峰值响应大致在365nm.研制高性能的紫外辐照计的难点在于紫外滤光片的配制.目前国外这种仪器的滤光片     

天然系列防晒化妆品的研制

在太阳光线中,对人体会产生影响的主要是波长在400nm以下的紫外线。紫外线分为短波(UVC,100～280nm)、中波(UVB,280～320nm,又名道尔诺线)和长波(UVA,320～400nm)3种。其中紫外线短波易被地球臭氧层吸收,一般不能到达地面,不会对人体造成影响;紫外线中波能量高,会灼烧皮     

金黄色海水珍珠的无损检测

对金黄色海水珍珠(简称金珠)和颜色经过加工处理的金色珍珠(改色金珠)进行了检测和分析.放大观察下,金珠的表面光滑,颜色分布均匀,改色金珠表面损伤严重,纹理明显,局部有颜色富集.拉曼光谱中,金珠在275 cm-1有很明显的拉曼位移,改色金珠的谱线荧光背景明显高于金珠,275 cm-1处的拉曼位移基本被荧光谱线覆盖.紫外可见吸收光谱中,金珠在284、357 nm处有明显的紫外吸收,改色金珠在近紫外区没有特征吸收.根据放大检测、拉曼光谱以及紫外可见光谱的区别,可快速、无损、有效地鉴定区分金珠和改色金珠.     

蒽醌分子的深紫外针尖增强拉曼散射的化学增强机制

利用含时密度泛函理论来研究深紫外针尖增强拉曼散射光谱的化学增强机制的报道,引发了许多关于紫外针尖增强拉曼散射的实验研究。本文通过含时密度泛函理论来计算铝3-蒽醌分子-铝3结在262 nm光能量激发下的拉曼光谱,结果表明该分子的拉曼光谱是针尖增强共振拉曼散射光谱,其化学增强因子为107。这表明在生物和材料领域,针尖增强共振拉曼散射技术可用于深紫外区域的指纹振荡光谱研究。     

芦荟凝胶对成纤维细胞紫外辐射损伤的保护作用

为了探讨芦荟凝胶对紫外辐射所致皮肤成纤维细胞氧化损伤的保护作用和机制,利用长波紫外线(UVA)辐射体外培养小鼠成纤维细胞株(NIH 3T3),建立紫外线损伤成纤维细胞模型。UVA辐射NIH 3T3细胞后,分别采用CCK-8法以及生化比色法检测不同质量浓度的芦荟凝胶对其增殖及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果显示,UVA辐射对NIH 3T3细胞造成明显损伤,100、200、400μg·m L~(-1)芦荟凝胶均可以提高受UVA辐射损伤的NIH 3T3细胞的增殖活性,提高细胞中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的含量,降低脂质过氧化物酶的活性,且呈剂量依赖性。说明UVA对NIH 3T3细胞有损伤作用,100~400μg·m L~(-1)的芦荟凝胶可以拮抗UVA所致的NIH 3T3细胞损伤,具有光保护作用。     

ZnS量子点/聚氨酯纳米复合材料的荧光光谱

采用水相法制备了经巯基丙酸表面改性的ZnS量子点溶胶,再利用铸膜法得到了ZnS量子点/聚氨酯纳米复合膜.通过紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱等方法对制得的ZnS量子点及ZnS量子点/聚氨酯纳米复合膜进行了分析表征.紫外吸收光谱表明,纯化前后ZnS量子点的尺寸没有变化,根据Brus模型可知,70℃下回流得到的ZnS量子点的尺寸为30 nm.荧光光谱表明:提高回流温度可显著提高ZnS量子点的发光强度;ZnS量子点水溶液在400 nm左右的发光带是受限态发光,归因于ZnS量子点表面锌原子空位产生的载流子辐射再结合;复合后发光带从400 nm红移到425 nm左右.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-