主要林木害鼠年龄组划分与繁殖的研究

根据１９８７年４－９月在带岭及齐齐哈尔地区捕获的棕背平鼠、沼泽田鼠及东北鼢鼠的数量，依胴体重及繁殖率，划分为幼鼠，亚成体成体Ⅰ、成体Ⅱ及老体５个年龄组。     

绵羊体重对尿中嘌呤代谢物和瘤胃微生物蛋白质产量的影响

１９只阉公羊（Ｂｌａｃｋｆａｃｅ×Ｓｕｆｆｏｌｄ）根据体重不同分为三组，各组每日每只绵羊饲喂干草／精料型配合日粮１０００ｇ，其余食量分别为１３．１、１７．４和２６、８ｇＤＭ／ｋｇＷ，尿中嘌呤代谢物和瘤胃微生物蛋白质产量从５．６５和１２．１１提高到１０．３７ｍｍｏｌ／ｄ和２８．０９ＭＮ／ｋｇＤＯＭＲ。各组干物质和有机物的表观消化率变化不大，但绵羊的体重下降和采食量提高引起饲料中粗蛋白质消化率的明显下降，蛋白质净利用率却明显上升（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

近交系NJS小鼠的生物学特性研究Ⅰ．繁殖性能与生长发育的观察

对作者培育的近交系ＮＪＳ小鼠的繁殖性能与生长发育进行观察，结果表明：ＮＪＳ小鼠的基代虽来源于ＫＭ远交群，但由于高度近交和定向选择，其产仔、泌乳等繁殖性能已大大下降。有关繁殖性能指标为：配产间隔２５．９±４．５／ｄ、胎间隔４７．１±１１．４／ｄ、窝产仔数７．６±２．６／只、离乳仔数６．２±２．３／只、离乳率８０．５±２５．２／％、初生个体重１．５５±０．１２／ｇ、泌乳力４４．６７±１７．１２／ｇ、离乳个体重１０．３５±０．９５／ｇ。３０、６０、９０日龄雄鼠个体重分别为：１７．０±２．１／ｇ、２７．８±１．７／ｇ、３１．８±２．１／ｇ，雌鼠分别为：１５．８±０．９／ｇ、２３．５±１．４／ｇ、２５．５±１．６／ｇ。与其他近交系相比较，ＮＪＳ小鼠的繁殖性能与Ｃ＿（５７）ＢＬ／６近似，比ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ、ＤＢＡ／２显著高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。离乳前后ＮＪＳ小鼠的生长速度与ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ近似，比Ｃ（５７）ＢＬ／６、ＤＢＡ／２显著快（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

以臼齿磨损程度划分大仓鼠年龄组的研究

本文以上臼齿的磨损程度作为年龄鉴定指标,根据咀嚼面上磨损齿质露出的多少和构型制订了划分大仓鼠(cricetulus triton)年龄组的标准,将其划分成幼体组、亚成体组、成体Ⅰ组、成体Ⅱ组和老体组五个年龄组。分析结果表明,若用体重或体长划分年龄组,应将大仓鼠划分成四个年龄组。     

前期生长发育受阻育肥猪的补偿生长

以前期生长发育受阻的育肥猪为试验组．正常猪为对照组，两个试验的结果表明，改善饲养条件后，试验组生长速度明显提高，试验１试验组（ｎ＝５）９月龄体重４０．８千克，日增重６８９．１克比对照组提高２３．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；试验２试验组（ｎ＝６０）７月龄体重５０．７千克，日增重６５４．８克，比对照组提高１５．６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）；试验组每日采食风干料明显增加，实验１和实验２分别提高２４．６％和１１．８％：试验组每增重１千克耗ＤＥ和ＣＰ实验１减少８．８７％和１１．８％，实验２减少３．７％和４．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）．体重９０千克左右屠宰，试验组膘厚、后腿比例和脂肪率减少（Ｐ＜０．０５），但瘦肉率提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）．     

长耳鸮冬季的捕鼠特点

长耳号鸟越冬期食物的９１．０％为鼠类。所捕食的农田鼠（黑线仓鼠、黑线姬鼠、大仓鼠和棕色田鼠）占５６．８％,居民区鼠类（大家鼠和小家鼠）占３４．２％,体形较小的鼠类（黑线仓鼠、黑线姬鼠、小家鼠和田鼠）占８２．０％,其中田鼠偶尔出现,较大型鼠类（大仓鼠和大家鼠）仅占９．０％;所捕食鼠的年龄多为亚成体（３８．９％）和成体（３９．２％）;所捕食的主要３种鼠（黑线仓鼠、黑线姬鼠和小家鼠）的年龄组成与野外种群的年龄组成一致。１只长耳号鸟平均１ｄ吃１．７９只或５４．３８ｇ鼠。     

双（N－氰基亚氨基二硫代甲酸）合镍（Ⅱ）酸－（5，7，7，12，14，14－六甲基－1，4，8，11－四氮杂环十四－4，11－二烯）合镍（Ⅱ）的合成与晶体结构

通过盐消除反应合成了双核镍的加合物［Ｎｉ（ｈｍｔａｄｅ）］［Ｎｉ（ｃｄｃ）２］，其中ｈｍｔａｄｅ＝５，７，７，１２，１４，１４－六甲基－１，４，８，１１－四氮杂环十四－４，１１－二烯，ｃｄｃ＝Ｎ－氰基亚氨基二硫代甲酸根。用元素分析、红外光谱、电子光谱和磁化率对它进行了表征。用Ｘ－射线测定了单晶的晶体结构，晶体属单斜晶系，空间群为Ｃ２／Ｃ，晶胞参数ａ＝１１．８８３（２）Ａ，ｂ＝１１．７５３（２）Ａ，Ｃ＝２０．４８２（４）Ａ，ａ＝９０°，β＝１００．１９（１）°，ｒ＝９０°，Ｖ＝２８１５．４Ａ３，Ｍ＝６２８．１９，Ｄｘ＝１．４８２ｇ／ｃｍ２，Ｚ＝４，Ｒ＝０．０４７，Ｒｗ＝０．０５４。正离子的［ＮｉＮ４］为近似平面构型，整个正离子的外形是马鞍型；负离子的［ＮｉＳ４］为绝对平面。在Ｎ（１）和Ｎ（１１）之间形成了氢键，使得加合物呈一维线性链结构。     

福建和溪亚热带雨林凋落物及残留物研究

探讨福建和溪亚热带雨林凋落物产量和地表残留物累积及其动态．结果表明；该雨林年凋落物量为７５５．４３ｇ／ｍ２（年变率为１．１７），其中叶为５１７，３５ｇ／ｍ２，枝为１９１．７５ｇ／ｍ２，花为２１．７６ｇ／ｍ２和果为２４．５７ｇ／ｍ２．影响凋落物月分布的主要因素是降雨及植物的物候期．月凋落物量（ｙ）与月降雨量（１）呈正相关（ｙ＝４６．２８９４＋０．１２０６ｙ，，ｒ＝０．５１０４，ｄｆ＝３４，ｐ＜０．０１）．林地残留物现存累积量随季节的不同而异，平均为４２６．２０ｇ／ｍ２（年分解常数Ｋ＝１．８７），其中叶３０７．６４ｇ／ｍ２，枝１０６．７７ｇ／ｍ２，花０．６０ｇ／ｍ２和果１１．１９ｇ／ｍ２．     

Cl~- 和 SO_4~(2-) 对厌氧废水处理的抑制阈值

用人工配制高浓度有机废水分别研究了Ｃｌ－和ＳＯ２－４对厌氧生物废水处理的抑制作用和抑制阈值．在全混流厌氧恒化器和上流式厌氧污泥床（ＵＡＳＢ）反应器中分别得到了对厌氧消化基本无抑制作用（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＜４．５ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＜１．８ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＜７．２ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＜３．０ｇ／Ｌ）;轻度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＝４．５～６．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝１．８～３．３ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＝７．２～８．２ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝３．０～４．１ｇ／Ｌ）;中度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＝６．０～１３．８ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝３．３～６．５ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＝８．２～１０．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＝４．１～６．０ｇ／Ｌ）和重度抑制（全混流恒化器：Ｃｌ－＞１３．８ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＞６．５ｇ／Ｌ;ＵＡＳＢ：Ｃｌ－＞１０．０ｇ／Ｌ,ＳＯ２－４＞６．０ｇ／Ｌ）的不同Ｃｌ－和ＳＯ２－４浓度范围．     

大鳍鳠个体生殖力的研究

大鳍绝对生殖力（Ｆ）为１６４３（２１８～３９６６）粒，相对生殖力（Ｆ／Ｌ）为５３．８３（１１．４９～１２０．８９）粒／ｃｍ，Ｆ／Ｗ＿０为１０．３８（３．６１～１９．７８）粒／ｇ，龟体长范围：１７．０～３８．３ｃｍ：体重范围：５４．０～５０９．０ｇ．绝对生殖力和体长（Ｌ）、净体重（Ｗ＿０）、年龄（ｔ）和成熟系数均呈直线正相关，而与卵径与肥满度无关。生殖力与体长的关系较之与体重的关系更为明显。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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