不确定分数阶广义系统的滑模控制器设计与仿真

针对一类含有外部扰动的分数阶广义系统进行滑模控制研究，提出了一种改进的指数趋近律从理论上消除了抖振.通过构造分数阶反馈控制器的方法将分数阶广义系统正常化.采用积分滑模面以消除滑模运动的趋近阶段.分数阶次α分0<α<1和1<α<2两种情况讨论，运用Kronecker积与LMI方法，分别设计增益矩阵使得滑动模态方程稳定.在滑模控制器的设计中，对指数趋近律进行了性能的改进，以所设计的连续函数代替符号函数，使得当状态趋近滑动模态时可以与滑动模态实现光滑过渡.最后，通过Simulink建立滑模控制仿真实验，验证了0<α<1和1<α<2两种情况下算法的有效性.     

分数阶系统的二自由度PID预期动态整定法

采用实际模型简单控制的策略,针对分数阶系统提出一种基于预期动态方程的二自由度PID整定方案(DDE)。通过选取预期动态方程系数,将控制器参数与系统控制要求建立联系,确定各个参数的取值规则。8个分数阶模型的控制仿真结果表明,用DDE法整定的整数阶二自由度PID控制器可以使系统满足预期动态,并且该控制器具有与分数阶PID相当或较其更好的控制效果。     

异步电机全分数阶矢量控制系统的设计与实现

为实现异步电机的高性能控制,提出了一种基于全分数阶PIλDμ控制器的矢量控制系统设计方法。根据分数阶控制器的数学特征,确定矢量控制系统中分数阶电流环控制器和分数阶电压环控制器的形式;根据相位裕量、幅值及增益鲁棒性准则求出分数阶控制器的参数;在数值仿真中,采用Oustaloup递归滤波器来实现分数阶算子的近似和有理化,对比了同样设计标准下整数阶控制器和分数阶控制器在横转速、转速变化和负载突变下的动态性能。对所提控制方法进行了实验验证,结果表明:相较于采用整数阶PID控制器系统,采用电流转速双闭环全分数阶PIλDμ控制器系统的跟随性能和抗扰性能更优,使用分数阶的矢量控制系统能使阶跃响应的超调量和调节时间分别下降24.84%和7.35%,在输入变化的系统中分数阶的动态降落为整数阶的22.5%。研究结果表明,所提分数阶控制器的设计方法可用于异步电机高性能矢量控制系统。     

一种基于分数阶卡尔曼滤波器的模型预测控制器的设计与实现

针对一类分数阶线性系统,设计了一种基于分数阶卡尔曼滤波器的模型预测控制器。采用分数阶微分的Grunwald-Letnikov定义对被控对象的分数阶状态空间模型进行离散化,构造了一种分数阶卡尔曼滤波器,并将该滤波器得到的状态估计应用于预测控制系统的最优状态反馈控制中。将所提出的方法用于一种黏弹性阻尼系统的控制,仿真结果表明该预测控制器在设定值跟踪、抗噪声扰动等方面都有良好的控制性能;分数阶微分的短记忆长度不仅会影响分数阶卡尔曼滤波器的估计精度,还会对预测控制器的性能产生重要影响。     

一种分数阶系统的内模控制器设计方法

本文针对分数阶系统,提出一种分数阶内模控制器设计方法.首先采用基于单纯形法的分数阶模型简化方法,对复杂模型进行简化处理.然后将内模控制器设计方法扩展到分数阶系统,针对简化的分数阶模型设计内模控制器,整定滤波器参数.仿真结果表明,本文所提出的模型简化的方法简单有效,基于简化模型所设计的控制器可以使系统获得良好的跟踪特性、扰动抑制特性和鲁棒特性.     

作大范围运动弹性结构振动频率及模态的摄动解

根据参数摄动理论,建立了作大范围运动弹性结构特征频率与模态的摄动理论,推导了作大范围运动弹性结构的特征频率与模态的1阶、2阶摄动方程.以作大范围运动弹性梁为例,求解了作大范围转动弹性梁振动频率与模态的1阶、2阶摄动近似解,并与结构动力学意义下的频率与模态进行了比较.该方法解决了在柔性多体系统中大范围运动对柔性体变形运动的振动频率与模态的影响这类刚 柔耦合问题,同时为任意柔性多体系统刚 柔耦合动力学程式化建模提供了高效、精确的离散方法.     

分数阶热弹理论下重力对压电介质中波传播的影响

基于分数阶热弹理论,研究了半空间无限大压电介质受周期载荷作用时重力对波传播影响.给出分数阶广义热弹性理论下的控制方程,运用正则模态法对控制方程进行求解,得到了半空间无限大压电介质中的无量纲温度、位移、应力和电位移等物理量的分布规律.重点研究了分数阶参数及重力对各物理量的影响效应.结果表明:半空间无限大压电介质中由于周期...     

基于分数阶PDμ控制器的车辆方向控制

在分数阶微积分及分数阶PIλDμ控制器的基础上,给出了一个带有分数阶PDμ控制器的车辆方向控制算法,设计了一种基于预瞄-跟随理论的分数阶PDμ控制器的在线整定方法,并对带有分数阶PDμ控制器和带有整数阶PD控制器的驾驶员-车辆系统进行了综合性能评价.结果表明,分数阶PDμ控制器在闭环系统中是有效且可靠的,分数阶控制器的使用使驾驶员-车辆系统的性能有了明显的改善.     

不确定分数阶Genesio混沌系统的反演滑模同步

针对带有参数不确定与外部扰动的分数阶Genesio-Tesi混沌系统,采用反演控制和滑模控制相结合的策略,设计了一种新的分数阶反演滑模控制器,实现了此类分数阶混沌系统的同步问题。首先,基于反演设计方法给出子系统的李雅普诺夫函数和虚拟控制量;其次,在反演设计过程中引入滑模变结构控制策略,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,设计能够使分数阶驱动Genesio系统与分数阶响应Genesio系统全局渐近同步的分数阶反演滑模控制器。所设计的控制器为单一控制器,在实际应用中与多输入控制相比更易于实现系统的同步。最后,通过数值仿真验证了所设计的分数阶反演滑模控制算法对于参数不确定与外部扰动的鲁棒性及控制器设计方法的有效性。     

基于分数阶PD速度控制器的永磁同步电动机控制研究

为了实现交流永磁同步电机的高性能速度控制,提出一种能满足系统稳定性和鲁棒性要求的分数阶比例微分控制器。为评价该控制器的性能,将该控制器和采用最优化设计的整数阶比例积分控制器分别应用于同一系统进行了仿真和原型实验。结果表明:采用文中提出的分数阶比例微分控制器的系统响应速度、跟随性能和节能效果均优于采用整数阶比例积分控制器的系统。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.