硫化锌精矿与锌浸出渣协同助浸机理及行为

针对硫化锌精矿两段氧压浸出能耗高、锌浸出渣处理产生危废铁渣量大等行业技术难题,提出硫化锌精矿与锌浸出渣协同助浸工艺,利用锌浸出渣中高价铁的载氧体特性促进硫化锌精矿中低价硫化物的高效溶解,同时实现铁酸锌、金属硫化物的强化解离和铁的高效沉淀分离。研究结果表明：添加锌浸出渣可以强化硫化锌精矿的浸出;反应温度和初始酸度是关键影响因素,升高反应温度可显著提高锌浸出率,同时促进Fe³⁺水解沉淀成铁矾,提高酸度可以促进硫化锌精矿的高效溶解,但酸度过高时氧气溶解度降低,将抑制硫化锌精矿的溶解和Fe³⁺水解沉淀。在锌浸出渣与硫化锌精矿质量比为1:3、初始酸度95 g/L、反应温度160℃、液固比7:1、氧压0.8 MPa、搅拌转速800 r/min、反应时间120 min的最优技术条件下,渣计锌浸出率为98.6%,同时溶液中92.69%的铁以铁矾的形式沉淀入渣,浸出终渣主要物相组成为单质硫、黄钾铁矾、黄钠铁矾和赤铁矿,其占比分别为40.00%、39.10%、16.60%和4.30%;浸出液中铁质量浓度仅为1.62 g/L,为浸出液后续提锌创造了有利条件。     

煅烧条件对BaTiO3纳米粉体结构的影响

将溶胶-凝胶法制备的钛酸钡纳米粉体在不同的条件下煅烧，然后对粉体进行激光粒度分布、红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（X-ray）、扫描电镜（SEM）等表征。实验结果表明：溶胶-凝胶法制备的样品在800℃左右的温度下煅烧2h，并在空气中冷却，可得到粒径分布窄、颗粒均匀、纯度高的钛酸钡纳米粉体。     

氯化物中黄钠铁矾除铁的热力学与动力学

对氯化物体系中锰结核浸出溶液采用黄钠铁矾净化除铁的热力学与动力学进行了研究．热力学分析表明，氯化物溶液中氯离子浓度升高能增大黄钠铁矾的溶解度，但在一般情况下（如ｃＣｌ－＜１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ），完全可以将溶液中的铁以铁矾形式降到理想的程度；黄钠铁矾生成的最佳ｐＨ值范围为１．０～３．０；溶液中钠离子浓度升高有利于铁矾沉淀．动力学研究表明，氯化物中黄钠铁矾形成的表观活化能为９４．６６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，沉矾过程受化学反应控制．这些研究结果对锰结核浸出液中铁的分离以及氯化物体系中铁矾的沉淀具有指导作用．     

热酸浸出黄钠铁矾渣工艺

以黄钠铁矾渣为原料,研究硫酸浸出过程的工艺条件,分析浸出过程的热力学和动力学机理.实验结果表明,在液固比为5∶1,搅拌速率为350 r/min条件下,浸出黄钠铁矾渣的最佳工艺条件为:硫酸质量浓度为225 g/L,反应温度为95 ℃,反应时间为2.5 h,该条件下多组实验的渣中Fe、Zn浸出率均大于96%.黄钠铁矾渣硫酸浸出过程在动力学上属于收缩核模型,受化学反应控制.     

高纯纳米α-Fe2O3粉体的制备及表征

以黄钠铁矶渣制取的硫酸亚铁溶液为原料，经过净化后采用沉淀法制备α-Fe2O3微粉。通过热重／差热分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜和光谱分析等测试手段，对α-Fe2O3微粉进行表征。研究结果表明：前驱体FeCO3在600800℃热处理2h的产物是α-Fe2O3，晶核生长活化能为12．4kJ／mol，颗粒均匀呈球形，粒径小于100nm，杂质含量低纯度高；在沉淀过程中加入分散剂和表面活性剂，抑制了前驱体FeCO3颗粒的长大和团聚，制备的α-Fe2O3粒径小，粒径分布范围窄。     

煤掺量对焙烧铁矾渣中硫物相和含量的影响

在含石膏铁矾渣中掺入不同质量分数的煤粉,用球磨机将两者混合均匀,在不同温度下焙烧,以探究煤掺量对焙烧含石膏铁矾渣中硫的物相和含量的影响。研究表明:在不同焙烧温度下,煤掺量不超过20%时,S含量随温度升高呈下降趋势;煤掺量为15%时的含石膏铁矾渣,在1 000℃焙烧2 h后Fe含量最高(为26.51%),S含量最低(为4.59%),S的物相主要为CaSO_4和CaS;将其烧渣研磨后过100目筛,水洗后测得该渣中S含量减少至2.13%。通过探究煤掺量对铁矾渣中硫物相和含量的影响,为炼锌厂资源化利用铁矾渣提供了新思路。     

氧化锌矿溶出液的净化

以中低品位氧化锌矿的硫酸铵焙烧熟料溶出液为原料,其中主要含有Zn SO4,Fe2(SO4)3及Al2(SO4)3,以碳酸氢铵为除杂剂,采用黄铵铁矾法和水解法去除溶液中的杂质Fe和Al以得到较为纯净的Zn SO4溶液,实验考察了溶液p H值、反应温度、反应时间对除铁率的影响,得到了黄铵铁矾渣,继续调节硫酸锌溶液的p H值以水解去除溶液中的Al,得到铝渣.采用XRD,SEM,化学成分分析等手段对黄铵铁矾渣、铝渣进行了表征,结果表明黄铵铁矾发育良好,颗粒规则,氢氧化铝粒度不均匀.     

改性的共沉淀法制备Nd:YAG纳米粉体及透明陶瓷

以乙醇和水混合溶液为沉淀液溶剂,用改性的共沉淀方法,制备了YAG前驱体. 利用DTA-TG, XRD, TEM对Nd:YAG的相变过程及粉体形貌进行分析. 结果表明：醇水溶剂共沉淀法制备的前驱体经900℃焙烧2 h,可直接转变成纯相的Nd:YAG. 在1100 ℃焙烧前驱体2 h ,可获得结晶良好、分散性好、平均粒径约为40 nm的Nd:YAG粉体. 使用0.5wt%的TEOS作为烧结添加剂,1750 ℃真空烧结5 h后,得到结构完善,平均粒径～5 μm的Nd:YAG透明陶瓷.     

超声亚饱和法制备纳米氧化铝粉体

在超声振荡和搅拌条件下,向碳酸氢钠溶液中缓慢滴加硫酸铝钾,在亚饱和状态下生成富含碳酸的氧化铝前驱体沉淀,分离清洗后的前驱体高温煅烧制得纳米氧化铝粉体。用SPA 400扫描探针显微镜的DFM模式表征粉体颗粒。结果表明：反应溶液浓度0.3mol/L,反应终点pH7,前驱体沉淀600℃煅烧5h,获得的氧化铝粉体呈不规则等轴颗粒状,粒度分布为2～63nm,平均粒径为38nm。     

硫铁矿烧渣水热法合成纳米球形α-Fe2O3

运用XRD、TEM等测试手段,对硫铁矿烧渣水热法合成a-Fe2Os的工艺进行了研究.结果表明硫铁矿渣的最佳酸浸工艺为加入理论量1.3倍的75%硫酸,在300℃下反应2 h后用热水搅拌浸出,铁的浸出率高达93.94%.20℃时加入计量的沉矾剂,并用NH3@H2O调整浸出液pH值至2.50后加热至65℃反应2 h,95.1%铁以铁矾形式析出.将析出的铁矾制成0.3mol/LFe(OH)3悬浊液,用5%NaOH调整pH值至11.30后,在搅拌速率600～700 r/min、升温速率为2.5℃/min的条件下加热至(172士2)℃水热反应2 h,得到粒度约为55 nm的均匀球形a-Fe2Os.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-