鲁棒贝叶斯混合分布的模型选择

提出一种基于偏差信息准则(deriance information criterion,DIC)的鲁棒贝叶斯混合分布模型选择算法.在变分逼近框架下,给出鲁棒贝叶斯混合模型的DIC计算公式;设计的模型选择算法能同时学习模型参数推断和进行模型选择,避免在大的候选模型集中根据模型选择准则选取最优模型.给出试验参数初始值设置方法,在含有较多离群点的仿真数据和Old Faithful Geyser数据上的试验结果表明了好的性能:得到鲁棒的混合分量参数和较准确的混合分量个数.     

关于模型选阶的一个新方法

本文提出了直接利用候选模型的估计方差的变化一曲线曲率，来选择真模型的阶数，这一方法异于传统的利用距离准则导出估计真模型阶数的准则的做法，文中还对这一新方法进行了模拟研究，发现当真模型的系数比较显著时，这个新准则具有很高的准确率。     

基于小波域局部二值模式和活动轮廓模型的纹理图像分割

提出一种双树复小波域局部二值模式和活动轮廓模型的纹理图像分割方法.该方法首先使用双树复合小波(DTCWT)分解纹理图像,然后使用局部二值模式(LBP)提取纹理特征.利用最大熵准则对纹理特征图像进行选择.活动轮廓模型(ACM)用于最后得分割.实验结果表明提出的方法对于合成纹理和自然场景数据集达到了较高的分割精度.     

采用MCMC方法的上海股市随机波动模型

采用贝叶斯统计中的马尔科夫链-蒙特卡罗(MCMC)方法对上海股市的随机波动性进行研究,基于Gibbs抽样的MCMC数值计算过程,对上海股市的随机波动率模型(SV)进行参数估计,并在WinBUGS软件中实现.根据信息判别准则(DIC),对比拟合的SV-N,SV-T,SV-MT模型参数,结果表明:SV-T模型最能反映上海股市波动具有尖峰厚尾的特性,可进一步用于预测样本外的波动率结果.     

基于三参数Logistic模型Gibbs抽样方法的敏感度分析

通过蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo,MC)方法研究了三参数Logistic(three-parameter Logistic,3PL)模型的Gibbs抽样方法的估计效果.首先,介绍了 3PL模型的定义和参数的先验分布;其次,介绍了潜变量的引进及Gibbs抽样过程;最后,进行了模拟实验,考虑了不同的测试长度n=10,2...     

一种新的项目反应理论等值准则——余弦准则

根据同一被试在锚题上的得分概率向量的模式应该十分相似的直观想法,该文提出了一种新的项目反应理论框架下的等值准则——余弦准则.我们采用GPC模型,利用Monte Carlo模拟方法将余弦准则与Haebara等值准则(Hcrit)和Stocking-Lord等值准则(SLcrit)进行比较.研究结果表明,当项目参数估计精度较高或中等而A的取值范围在0.9~2.0之间,新方法往往比Hcrit和SLcrit方法估计的误差小且有显著性差异.     

连铸二冷节水增效多目标优化模型

在蚁群算法中采用节点选择优化策略,减少算法中的节点选择次数,并通过对筛选候选节点减少单个蚂蚁选择节点的计算量,提高蚁群算法的执行效率.在冶金准则、设备约束条件确定的板坯连铸优化模型中,加入节水模型、拉速优化模型,形成新的板坯连铸二次冷却多目标优化模型.并利用改进的蚁群算法对板坯连铸二次冷却进行优化,达到在保证连铸坯质量的前提下,提高生产效率、节约二冷用水的目的.     

对数正态多层贝叶斯模型的参数估计

为了更好地捕捉呈偏态分布数据的变化,提高统计推断的精确度,将对数正态多层先验分布的构造方法与贝叶斯定理结合建立了对数正态多层贝叶斯模型。利用Gibbs抽样算法对各未知参数进行贝叶斯估计,并对使用Gibbs算法所生成的迭代链进行收敛性诊断。随机模拟结果显示,在相对误差、均方误差(MSE)准则下,贝叶斯估计的效果较似然估计更优。最后,通过实证分析证明了所建立的模型是切实可行的。     

一种用于支持向量机分类器的组合核优化方法

针对支持向量机(SVM)分类器的模型选择问题,提出了一种基于特征空间的类别可分性度量(FCSM)准则,并将该准则用于优化多个高斯函数的线性组合系数.与核矩阵度量(FSM)准则相比,FCSM准则在核函数优化应用中的适用性更广,并且在优化效果上有更好的理论支持.实验结果表明,与交叉验证法、半径间隔误差(RM)界法以及基于FSM准则的优化方法相比,FCSM准则能从更大函数集范围优选出核函数,使SVM分类器获得更好的分类能力.     

基于gAIC和滑动窗的自回归模型参数估计算法

为了提高自回归模型参数估计的准确性,提出了一种基于通用赤池信息准则和滑动窗的自回归模型参数估计算法.首先,使用通用赤池信息准则估计自回归模型的模型阶数,初步得到自回归模型中选项的候选向量集;然后,针对该候选向量集中的各候选项,采用滑动窗法获得其相应的权重值;最后,根据各候选项的权重值,利用自适应的最佳参数搜索算法进一步剔除候选向量集中的干扰候选项,得到自回归模型的最终模型选项及相应的模型系数值.实验结果表明,对于不同长度的信号,不同组合实验方案下所提算法获得的正确率最高,接近于90%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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