~3H-左旋18-甲基炔诺酮的合成

采用化学合成法制备了不饱和有机化合物~3H-左旋18-甲基炔诺酮,确保了分子中的炔基不被氢化.放射性比度为15.54GBq/mmol,放化纯度为95.7％.产品经热实验证实热稳定性良好,且在37℃生理盐水(pH=6.5)中氢-氚交换速率较低.     

氚标记冬凌草乙素的制备

根据氚标记冬凌草甲素(以下简称~3H-甲素)的制备方法,稍加改进,制备了氚标记冬凌草乙素(以下简称~3H-乙素)。产品用薄层色谱法纯化。~3H-乙素的结构没有发生变化;它的比放射性为8717.2MBq/mmol,较~3H-甲素的比度7685MBq/mmol 大,放射化学纯度大于98%;游离氚含量小于2%。     

N-正丁基-苯甲酰-2-磺酰内亚胺促渗效果的研究

N-正丁基-苯甲酰-2-磺酰内亚胺是一种新型促渗剂，具有毒性小促渗效果好等特点．用=4％N-正丁基-苯甲酰-2-磺酰内亚胺处理小鼠皮肤可使皮肤给药的小檗碱血药浓度大幅度提高（生物利用度可提高11．56倍）．目前国内外常用的促渗剂氮酮只能提高生物利用度3.86倍，N-正丁基-苯甲酰-2-磺酰内亚胺的促渗效果是氮酮的2．99倍．在进行N-正丁基-苯甲酰-2-磺酰内亚胺和红细胞作用的实验时，也观察到可以引起细胞溶血，且存在时间效应和剂量效应．     

[2—~3H_1]州烷醇-1的合成及其提高蚕叶丝转化率的研究

本文以卅烷酸为原料,经溴化、酯化而得α—溴代卅烷酸甲酯,将酯进行卤氚交换后,用铝锂氢还原氚标记的酯,由此得到[2—~3H_1]卅烷醇—1(~3H—TRIA).用~3H—TRIA 养蚕添食,研究了~3H—TRIA 在蚕体内的分布和消长动态,测量了蚕的丝腺体、消化管和蚕粪的放射性强度.添食18小时后,在五龄蚕第4—6日的丝腺茧体内放射性强度达高峰,并保持稳定状态.用TRIA 养蚕添食,蚕体重、全茧量和层量与对照相比均有显著增加,证实了TRIA 对蚕的生长,促进丝心蛋白合成有显著作用,提高了蚕的叶丝转化率.     

钯催化1-(2-溴苯基)-2-丙醇的内酯化

报道钯催化下,1－（2-溴苯基）－2-丙醇与一氧化碳的内酯化反应．探讨温度、催化剂、时间和溶剂对反应的影响,优选出最佳实验条件,使3-甲基-3,4-二氢-1H-苯并[C]吡喃-1-酮的收率达到95．1％．     

2-取代硫醚-5-(5-苯基-1H-3-吡唑基)-1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物的合成及光学性能研究

以5-苯基-1H-3-吡唑甲酰肼为起始原料,经与二硫化碳环合和巯基烷基化两步反应,合成了5个新型的2-取代硫醚-5-(5-苯基-1H-3-吡唑基)-1,3,4-噁二唑类化合物,其结构经IR,~1 H NMR表征.光学性能研究表明目标产物具有良好的荧光性,其最大发射波长在344~347nm范围内.     

三维Cu(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、结构及性能研究

以氮杂环化合物2-(1H-咪唑-1-甲基)-1H-苯并咪唑(imb)和芳香多羧酸均苯四甲酸(H_4btec)为配体,采用溶剂热方法制备了一个结构新颖的配合物[Cu(btec)_(0.5)(imb)]_n(1).单晶X射线衍射结果表明,配合物1是由左螺旋链和右螺旋链彼此连接而成的三维结构,可以简化为4,4,4-连接的三维拓扑结构,其拓扑符号为(3~2?10~3·11)(3~2·104)(3~2?103·11).另外还对配合物1的红外光谱、粉末X射线衍射图谱、热稳定性以及固态荧光性能进行了研究,进一步验证了Cu(Ⅱ)离子的存在能淬灭配合物的荧光.     

垃圾焚烧厂的环境空气、飞灰和土壤二噁英水平研究及风险评价

为评价珠三角某垃圾焚烧厂内工人和周边村民的二噁英健康风险,采集并分析了该垃圾焚烧厂的厂内环境(空气和飞灰)邻近敏感点(邻近村落)环境(空气和土壤)的二噁英(PCDD/Fs)质量水平,运用美国环保署(USEPA)风险评价体系和蒙特卡洛模拟(Monte Carlo simulation)对厂内工人、邻近敏感点村民(成人、青少年和儿童)在呼吸吸入、皮肤接触和经口摄入等暴露途径的健康风险进行评估.结果表明:(1)该垃圾焚烧厂固化飞灰中的PCDD/Fs毒性当量(以I-TEQ计)范围为8.99~240.00 ng TEQ/kg,环境空气中的为0.03~0.20 pg TEQ/m3,邻近敏感点土壤中的为0.81~2.04 ng TEQ/kg. (2)飞灰、厂内环境空气和邻近敏感点环境空气的PCDD/Fs单体分布特征更加接近,土壤中PCDD/Fs单体分布稍有差别. (3)厂内工人和村民(成人、青少年和儿童)的致癌风险(CR)合计第95%值范围为4.55×10-7~6.04×10-6,为可接受风险范围(＜10-5);非致癌风险(HI)合计第95%值范围为4.61×10-3~4.28×10-2,远低于1,非致癌风险极低;(4)厂内工人和成人村民的CR较高, 第95%值分别占风险安全值的60%和39%.厂内工人的CR从环境空气吸入(包括在厂内和敏感点)和飞灰意外经口摄入方式占比最高,分别达55.12%和38.43%;成人村民的CR中从环境空气吸入占主导(占97.79%).建议加强对环境空气二噁英监控和飞灰经口摄入的风险管控.     

9-[1,1'-联苯]-3-基-3-(9,9'-螺二[9H-芴]-3-基)-9H-咔唑的合成与性能研究

以咔唑为起始原料,经Ullmann反应、溴化反应、Miyaura反应和Suzuki反应合成了 9-[1,1'-联苯]-3-基-3-(9,9'-螺二[9H-芴]-3-基)-9H-咔唑,重点研究了不同的溶剂、碱和催化剂对Suzuki反应中目标产物产率的影响.条件优化实验结果表明:在二氯二叔丁基-(4-二甲基氨基苯基)磷钯(...     

咪唑-4,5-二羧酸衍生物的合成

研究了以1H-咪唑-4,5-二羧酸（1）为原料合成1H-咪唑-4,5-二甲酸乙酯（2）和1H-咪唑-4,5-二酰胺（3）的方法和条件,初步考察了催化剂、反应时间、物料比等因素对反应和产率的影响.产品结构经1HNMR、IR和MS表征.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-