模板辅助sol-gel法制备高比表面积、高磁性能纳米CoFe_2O_4材料

以金属硝酸盐和柠檬酸为主要原料,医用脱脂棉为模板,通过简单易行的模板辅助sol-gel法来制备高比表面积、高磁性能纳米CoFe2O4材料.采用XRD,TEM,BET,VSM和Easy heat等方法研究了模板和热处理温度对所得材料组成、微观结构、磁性能和磁加热效率等的影响.结果表明:添加模板有利于获得不含杂质相的尖晶石型纳米磁性CoFe2O4颗粒,随热处理温度的升高,颗粒的平均晶粒尺寸逐渐增加,比表面积减小.未添加模板的纳米颗粒存在较为严重的堆积现象,添加模板后所得CoFe2O4颗粒呈近似椭球形,不同颗粒之间首尾相接,类似线形,团聚程度明显下降.添加模板后800℃热处理所得试样的平均晶粒尺寸约为70.0nm,比表面积为23.7m2/g,饱和磁化强度为79.0emu/g,剩磁强度为37.1emu/g,矫顽力为856.4G,磁加热速率为2.95℃/s,均显著高于相同热处理温度下未加模板所制备的铁氧体颗粒.最后对类线形纳米CoFe2O4的形成过程进行了探讨.     

超声波辅助水热合成条件对Fe3O4纳米微粒生长及磁性的影响

以FeCl3.6H2O,FeCl2.4H2O和NH3.H2O为原料,在超声波辅助下,用水热法合成了纳米磁性Fe3O4粒子,借助X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）仪及振动样品磁强计（VSM）对产物Fe3O4进行分析,结果表明,当反应物物质的量之比（n（Fe^3＋）/n（Fe^2＋））为1.75,pH=13得到的前驱物,控制水热合成温度为140-160℃,水热处理时间为3-5 h时,可制备出纯相的反尖晶石结构的Fe3O4纳米微粒,随着水热合成温度的升高和时间的延长晶体发育越完整,平均粒径越大.磁性测量表明,饱和磁化强度和矫顽力也随着Fe3O4纳米微粒平均粒径的增大而增大.     

纳米Fe_3O_4颗粒的制备及磁性能

采用X-ray衍射、高能X-ray衍射、透射电子显微镜及振动样品磁量计等表征手段,研究了不同制备工艺对Fe3O4纳米粒子的平均晶粒尺寸及磁性能的影响.结果表明多元醇方法所制备的Fe3O4粉体平均粒径为32 nm,其饱和磁化强度为6.8×10-3A/m(该值比块体Fe3O4的饱和磁化强度约降低了8%),剩磁Mr=4.2×10-3A/m,矫顽力Hc=1.43×10-2T;通过共沉淀方法得到的Fe3O4粉体平均粒径显著减小为7 nm,但是其饱和磁化强度也明显降低为3.3×10-4A/m,比块体Fe3O4的饱和磁化强度减小约96%,剩磁及矫顽力也下降为零.这是由于小尺寸效应导致出现超顺磁现象,说明Fe...     

溶胶-凝胶法制备CoFe2O4/TiO2纳米复合薄膜及其磁性能研究

以钛酸丁酯和金属盐酸盐为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶工艺成功制备了磁性CoFe2O4/TiO2复合薄膜.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD) 、拉曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析探讨了复合薄膜相结构和表面形貌,使用振动样品磁场计(VSM)测试样品磁性能.研究发现:复合薄膜中两相组分晶体各自析出长大,没有生成新的物相,薄膜生长过程中TiO2网状结构起到控制CoFe2O4的晶粒大小的作用.对比不同温度下薄膜的形貌,得出薄膜的形貌对热处理温度依赖性较大,前驱液为pH =2-3、热处理温度为800℃时,可得到平整的纳米CoFe2O4/TiO2磁性复合薄膜.随着热处理温度的升高,复合薄膜的磁性增强.     

钴铁氧体复合纳米颗粒的制备及其磁性

通过溶胶凝胶法制备尖晶石CoFe2O4/α-Fe复合纳米颗粒体系,用X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计对样品的结构和磁性进行了研究.这种新型材料具有较高的饱和磁化强度Ms(51.44 A.m2/kg)和矫顽力Hc(10.8×104 A/m),最大磁能积(BHmax)相比同样方法制备的纯CoFe2O4有较大的提高.磁性能的改善可能来源于处于内层的CoFe2O4与外壳层的α-Fe之间的交换耦合作用.     

CoFe2O4磁性液体冰冻前后的磁性

 介绍了Massart法制备CoFe2O4磁性液体的方法。用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜测量CoFe2O4微粒的结构、粒径,表明微粒粒径呈对数正态分布,平均粒径为12.76nm,平均晶粒粒径为11.15nm。利用振动样品磁强计,在室温下测量CoFe2O4微粒的磁化曲线和体积分数为1%、1.2%、1.5%的磁性液体冰冻前后的磁化曲线。结果表明,磁性液体饱和磁化强度明显小于等量磁性微粒的饱和磁化强度?准VMps,冰冻后磁性液体的饱和磁化强度大于冰冻前磁性液体的饱和磁化强度。其原因是,磁性液体中存在块状、链状、环状团聚体,其中块状和环状团聚体导致饱和磁化强度降低;在磁性液体冰冻过程中,由于水分子的作用环状团聚体破裂成链,使压缩参数?酌变大,导致冰冻后磁性液体饱和磁化强度增大。     

CoNi微米／纳米复合结构的合成及其磁性能

采用液相法制备出一种CoNi微米/纳米复合结构前驱体,在还原和氧化2种热处理气氛下,得到CoNi微米/纳米复合结构.采用差热分析(TG DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱(EDS)、场发射扫描电镜(FE SEM)以及振动试样磁强计(VSM)等对2种气氛下的产物进行形貌表征、物相分析以及磁性能表征.研究结果表明,CoNi微米/纳米典型的复合结构小球,直径3～5 μm,氧化产物NiCo2O4的矫顽力为51.07 Oe,饱和磁化强度2.31 emu/g.还原产物CoNi的矫顽力为190.65 Oe,饱和磁化强度107.19 emu/g.     

ZnxFe3-xO4磁性液体的制备及性能研究

利用改进的化学共沉淀法制备ZnxFe3-xO4(x＝0.1～0.3)纳米颗粒,研究了Z2+n的摩尔比对ZnxFe3-xO4纳米颗粒比饱和磁化强度的影响;选择饱和磁化强度最大的Zn0.2Fe2.8O4纳米粉体,制备了煤油基磁性液体,对其饱和磁化强度、黏度等性质进行研究;结果表明当x为0.2时,饱和磁化强度达到最大,为63.07Am2/kg;合成的磁性液体在外磁场作用下显出超顺磁性,其比饱和磁化强度随密度的增大而增大,最大可达29.93 Am2/kg;随着温度的升高,磁性液体的黏度下降,质量浓度越大,其下降速度越快,在30℃时,当质量浓度小于0.28g/mL时,磁性液体呈现牛顿流体特性,当质量浓度大于0.28g/mL时,牛顿流体特性消失.     

自组织纳米复合薄膜BiFeO3-CoFe2O4的微结构与相成分

采用先进电子显微术在原子尺度研究了(001)单晶SrTiO3衬底上生长的纳米复合薄膜0.65BiFeO3-0.35CoFe2O4的组织形态以及界面结构.BiFeO3 (BFO)和CoFe2O4(CFO)两相在外延生长过程中自发相分离,形成自组织的复合纳米结构.磁性尖晶石CFO呈方块状均匀分布于铁电钙钛矿BFO基体中,并沿[001]方向外延生长,形成垂直的柱状纳米结构.两相具有简单的立方-立方取向关系,即[001]BFO//[001]CFO和(100)BFo//(100)cFo,且界面为{110}晶面.薄膜表面起伏不平,形成CFO{111}小刻面而BFO则为平整的(001)表面.能谱分析结果表明各相成分均匀分布并无明显的元素互扩散发生.     

Dy3+掺杂对Fe3O4纳米粒子磁性能的影响

为提高Fe3O4纳米粒子的磁性能,研究了Dy3 掺杂对Fe3O4纳米粒子宏观磁性及粒径的影响。适量的掺杂可使Fe3O4粒子的粒径增大,饱和磁化强度提高。过量的掺杂不会引起粒径的进一步增大,但会引起饱和磁化强度的下降。在反应温度为55℃,搅拌转速900 r/min,反应时间1.5 h,掺镝量为12.17%的条件下,用化学共沉淀法制备出平均粒径为18.6 nm、饱和磁化强度可达168.73 mT的镝铁氧体粒子。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.