天津大沽排污河及大沽沙航道水体中CDOM光谱分析

应用紫外–可见吸收光谱、三维荧光光谱对大沽排污河及大沽沙航道水体中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)的空间分布、组成、来源进行了分析.结果显示吸收系数a_(355)变化范围为1.73~23.62,m~(-1),CDOM丰度空间分布为大沽排污河下游最高,上游次之,大沽沙航道最低,表明大沽排污河下游水体有机污染负荷最大.CDOM荧光物质包括类蛋白质(T1、T2)和类腐殖质(A、C、M)两类组分,以类蛋白质组分的百分比最高,但相关性分析表明类腐殖质组分与CDOM的吸收相关性更好.A峰和C峰对应的最大发射波长及紫外–可见吸收光谱参数E253/203结果显示,大沽排污河下游水体CDOM芳香性较高,且芳香环取代基中含有较多的羟基、羰基、羧基、酯基.荧光指数HIXb显示大沽排污河下游水体CDOM来源以陆源输入(工业废水)为主,而排污河上游及航道水体CDOM主要由生物活动产生.     

非色素物质吸收光谱拟合方法比较

有色溶解有机物质(CDOM)与非色素颗粒物质的吸收皆有随波长增高而类指数函数递减的特征,二者统称非色素物质吸收,其光谱斜率S是海洋水色遥感半分析算法中的一个重要参数.本文基于现场实测数据,比较3种获取该参数的拟合方法,结果表明,增加背景参数K的非线性方法能够有效校正长波段散射的影响,与利用自然对数-线性方法以及一般非线性方法(不含背景参数K)比较,R2的标准偏差(SD)小,受水体类型的影响小.这一结果对于半分析算法的发展具有应用价值.     

内陆水体CDOM光学特性与遥感反演研究进展

内陆水体(湖泊、水库、河流)在全球碳循环过程中起着重要作用,其中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)是内陆水体中溶解态有机物质,对水体的光学特性和生物地球化学过程具有重要的影响.由于受到时空变化和人类活动的影响,内陆水体的CDOM组分、来源与光学性质较为复杂.不同区域内或者同一研究区不同的水体类型,CDOM光学特性之间存在着较大差异,通常选取CDOM的吸收系数表征CDOM浓度,通过三维荧光光谱(EEM)表征CDOM荧光组分与来源.首先论述了CDOM的重要作用,并从文献计量学的角度分析了CDOM近20多年的研究进展;其次阐述了CDOM吸收与荧光特性的变化特征,进而分析CDOM荧光组分或者吸收系数变化的驱动因素,阐明了光化学作用与微生物作用对其组分与吸收的影响;最后根据CDOM与溶解有机碳(DOC)的关系,简述了遥感在估算内陆水体CDOM及DOC方面的作用,并讨论了CDOM研究的不足与展望.     

长江口有色溶解有机物光谱特性及其示踪溶解有机碳研究

通过测定2014年2、3月份长江口表层水中有色溶解有机物(CDOM)吸收光谱及溶解有机碳(DOC)质量浓度,分析了CDOM吸收系数a330的水平分布、光谱斜率比(SR)和比紫外吸光度(SUVA254),探究了CDOM的来源及其与DOC的关系.研究表明:研究区域a330范围为0.45~3.10,m-1,平均值为(1.34±0.90)m-1.CDOM吸收光谱和DOC质量浓度与盐度均呈负相关性(R2=0.959,0,0.820,8),表明二者的来源都是以陆源为主,且二者的河口混合行均表现为保守混合.由SUVA254随盐度增大而减小得知,陆源CDOM相对于海源CDOM的芳香性较强.SR与盐度关系符合保守混合模型,说明研究区域的SR主要受物理作用影响.a330与DOC质量浓度呈正相关性(R2=0.852,5),表明CDOM可以作为DOC的示踪物质.     

高效液相色谱法快速测定鸡蛋中土霉素残留量

鸡蛋样品用0．1mol／L Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液溶解，离心后，上层清液用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱和羧酸型阴离子交换柱净化，用流动相洗脱定容后，用高效液相色谱紫外检测器在355nm测定，在0．010～0．500mg／kg范围，三个添加水平的回收率为90％～99％，变异系数小于13％，方法检出限为0．005mg／kg．     

鄱阳湖夏季有色可溶有机物空间分布及其和浮游藻类的关系分析

有色可溶有机物(CDOM)的分布及光学性质对于研究湖泊水体富营养化和水色遥感具有重要的科学意义.该文通过紫外分光光度法定量研究了2016年夏季鄱阳湖水体不同区域的有色可溶有机物光吸收特性,分析了a_CDOM(440)与光谱斜率比值(S)的关系,讨论了CDOM吸收系数与藻类及其他环境因子之间的关系,并与其他湖泊和水库相比较.研究结果表明:鄱阳湖水体在440 nm波长处的吸收系数为0.13～2.17 m^-1,均值为(0.93±0.54)m^-1.不同区域的CDOM含量差异显著,排序依次为主航道>珠湖区>南矶山水域,表现为3种典型吸收光谱曲线.夏季在300～440nm波长处S与CDOM有很好的相关性.鄱阳湖CDOM分别来源于藻类降解、沉积物扰动和河流流入.珠湖区CDOM来源主要为内源性,由浮游植物降解所产生.南矶山水域CDOM来源于赣江等河流汇入以及养殖肥水排入,其吸收系数与水体总磷关系密切.     

纳木措水体中辐射衰减特性的初步研究

文章利用纳木措水体中实测的辐射数据,即湖体在波长305nm、312nm和320nm的平均光谱漫衰减系数分别为O．39m6-l,0．40m^-1和O．34m^-1,光合有效辐射的平均漫衰减系数为0．14m^-1。初步分析了纳木措水体中紫外线和光合有效辐射的衰减特性。     

紫外三元复合消色差相位延迟器优化设计的分析

为了设计在紫外波段消色差性能优良的三元复合λ／4波片,根据复合波片理论,利用同一波长（300nm）的2个λ0／4波片和1个λ0／2波片组合成复合波片,研究了复合波片的相位延迟量随波长的变化,得出复合波片在250-350nm的光谱范围内是消色差的;在此基础上对三元复合消色差λ／4波片进行了优化设计,即通过改变中间波片的相位延迟量和精确调整复合角,使消色差范围拓宽到200-400nm,相位延迟计算偏差在5％左右．通过改变中间波片的材料,即氟化镁晶体代替石英晶体,用上述同样方法设计出UVC波段消色差λ／4波片,其相位延迟计算偏差在2％以内．这种优化设计对拓宽紫外波段消色差范围,提高延迟量精度具有实用价值．     

2，4-二羟基苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲的微波固相合成及晶体结构

用2,4-二羟基苯乙酮和氨基硫脲为原料,在微波辅助作用下固相合成了2,4-二羟基苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲,利用红外光谱及单晶X射线法对目标化合物进行了表征,该化合物为单斜晶系,空间群为C2／c,晶体学参数n=2．0900（2）nm,b=0．79290（8）nm,c=1．32481（14）nm;β=100．2090（10）°;F（000）=944,Z=8,V=2·1607（4）nm3,Dc=1．365g·cm^-3,Mr=225．27,最终结构偏离因子R=0．0460,Rw=0．1309,S=1．031,最终差值电子密度的最大值和最小值分别为401nm^-3。和-247nm^-3．     

氮和硫共掺杂的纳米二氧化钛的制备及表征

以钛酸丁酯（TPOT）为原料，通过溶胶-凝胶法制得掺有氮和硫两种非金属元素的纳米二氧化钛（TiO2），并利用紫外-可见光谱（UV—vis）、红外光谱（IR）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等方法对其进行了表征。结果表明，该方法的确可以使N和S元素共掺杂到纳米TiO2中，并且使得纳米TiO2的吸收范围拓展到可见光区域，从400nm拓展到580nm．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.