杂色鲍碱性磷酸酶在DMSO溶液中的活力与构象变化的研究

以二甲亚砜（DMSO）为效应物．研究其对杂色鲍碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活力的影响，结果表明：该酶的剩余活力随着DMSO浓度增大而迅速下降，当DMSO浓度达40％，酶活力几乎完全丧失．说明DMSO对杂色鲍ALP有明显的失活作用．导致酶活力丧失50％的DMSO浓度为17％．在较低DMSO浓度（〈20％）的失活是可逆的反应过程．动力学研究表明，该酶的失活过程属于混合型．进一步测定游离酶（E）和酶底物络合物（ES）与DMSO的结合常数（K1和K1s），结果表明K1〈K1s即说明底物存在对酶被DMSO的失活作用有一定的保护作用．应用荧光发射光谱研究杂色鲍ALP经DMSO微扰后的分子构象变化情况，随着DMSO浓度增大，荧光强度逐渐增强．但发射峰未发生明显变化现象．说明酶分子中的生色基团残基的微环境发生了一定的变化．     

福寿螺β-葡萄糖苷酶在脲溶液中失活动力学研究

研究福寿螺β－葡萄糖苷酶在脲溶液中变性作用，测定酶在脲溶液中的失活动力学，测定游离酶（Ｅ）和酶－底物络合物（ＥＳ）的脲失活的微观速度常数，并加以比较，表明底物存在对于酶被脲的失活具有明显的保护作用．     

福寿螺β—葡萄糖苷酶在脲溶液中失活动力学研究

研究福寿螺β０葡萄糖苷酶在脲溶液中变性作用,测定酶在脲溶液中的失少感动 ,测定游离酶（Ｅ）和酶－底物络合物（ＥＳ）的脲失活的微观速度常数,并加以比较,表明底物存在对于酶被脲的失活具有明显的保护作用。     

脲对果菠萝蛋白酶的变性与失活动力学

以脲为变性剂,以荧光光谱为监测手段,对果菠萝蛋白酶(Fruit bromelain)的分子构象变化进行研究,酶的荧光强度随脲浓度增大而递增,发射峰出现红移。荧光偏振在 230～240 nm及 260～290 nm 出现二个负峰,后者较为显著,并随脲浓度增大而加剧。脲对酶水解N-苄氧羰酰 L-赖氨酸对硝基酚酯(CBZ-Lys·pNP)活力的影响,表现为非竞争性抑制类型;比较脲对游离酶(E)及结合酶(ES)的失活速度常数。结果二者相等,底物不表现保护作用。测定酶在不同浓度脲中的变性速度常数和失活速度常数,比较了酶的构象变化及催化活力的关系,酶的失活速度常数比变性速度约大6～16倍。说明酶活性中心对脲的敏感性,酶活力的表现很大程度上依赖于酶构象的稳定性和完整性。     

丙酮对锯缘青蟹N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶活力与构象的影响

以丙酮为效应物,研究其对锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata)N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase)活力的影响,结果表明:该酶的剩余活力随着丙酮浓度增大而呈指数下降,当丙酮浓度达25%,酶的剩余活力仅为20%,说明丙酮对青蟹NA-Gase有明显的失活作用.导致酶活力丧失50%的丙酮浓度为7.5%.在较低丙酮浓度(＜10%)的失活是可逆的反应过程.动力学研究表明,该酶的失活过程属于混合型,并进一步测定游离酶(E)和酶底物络合物(ES)与丙酮的结合常数(K1和K1s),分别为4.06%和10.49%,K1＜K1s,说明底物存在对酶被丙酮的失活作用有一定的保护作用.应用荧光发射光谱研究青蟹NAGase经丙酮微扰后的分子构象变化情况,结果表明:丙酮对酶分子构象有显著的影响,酶的内源荧光强度随丙酮浓度增大而降低,说明酶分子中的生色基团Trp和Tyr残基的微环境发生了变化.     

长毛对虾酸性磷酸酶不可逆失活过程中的底物保护研究

根据酶活性不可逆改变的动力学方法，研究了长毛对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｐｅｎｉｃｉｌａｔｕｓ）酸性磷酸酶在变性剂胍，脲作用下的不可逆失活．结果表明，酶在不同变性剂中的失活行为不尽相同．测得该酶在１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ盐酸胍，３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ脲中的ｋ０／ｋ０′分别为５．０和４．３．ｋ０＞ｋ０′的事实说明游离酶比酶底物复合物具有更大的失活速度常数，底物的结合对酶的失活有明显的保护作用．酶底物复合物较大的抗失活能力也从一侧面证实了活性中心的柔曲性理论．     

文昌鱼酸性磷酸酶在变性剂变性时的构象及活力变化的研究

十二烷基硫酸锂(LDS),脲(Urea)等变性剂作用于ACPase,以荧光法跟踪该酶的构象变化,随着LDS浓度提高荧光强度下降但发射峰没有位移,而在Urea中,荧光强度随着变性剂浓度上升而下降,发射峰明星红移,由330～350nm,分别测定其变性及失活的动力学常数,比较酶构象及催化活力的关系,结果表明:变性与失活为快相和慢相的一级反应,在LDS作用下,失活速度大于变性速度,属于快活力慢构象变化的模式,Urea的作用为变性速度大于失活速度,属于快构象慢活力变化的另一种模式,Urea作用后的变性酶,在测定其活力的10min内,没有观察到底物对变性酶的修复作用,以及稀释对变性酶的复活效应。     

文昌鱼酸性磷酸酶在变性剂变性时的构象及活力变…

十二烷基硫酸锂（ＬＤＳ），脲（Ｕｒｅａ）等变性剂作用于ＡＣＰａｓｅ，以荧光法跟踪该酶的构象变化，随着ＬＤＳ浓度提高荧光强度下降但发射峰没有位移，而在Ｕｒｅａ中，荧光强度随着变性剂浓度上升而下降，发射峰明显红移，由３３０－３５０ｎｍ。分别测定其变性及失活的动力学常数，比较酶构象及催化活力的关系，结果表明：变性与失活为快相和慢相的一级反应，在ＬＤＳ作用下，失活速度大于变性速度，属于快活力慢构象变化的…     

乳酸脱氢酶在CTAB-戊醇反胶束体系中的催化动力学研究

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CATB）-异辛烷-戊醇反胶束体系对乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）了固定化,探讨了体系含水量W0（W0=n（水）/n（CTAB）、CTAB浓度、戊醇体积比对LDH固定化的影响及游离酶和固定酶的催化动力学性质.结果表明：LDH进入反胶束的最佳条件是：体系含水量为4.3,CTAB浓度为0.24 mol/L,戊醇体积比为25%.对游离酶和固定化酶的酶促反应的最适pH值均为8.8,最适反应温度分别为52℃和30℃,米氏常数Km分别为65mmol/L和48mmol/L.在25℃时,游离酶存放2 h后失活35%,而固定化酶仅失活16%,说明反胶束固定化LDH具有良好的活力稳定性.     

养殖常用抗菌药物对凡纳滨对虾外壳膜N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶活力的影响

研究几种抗菌药物对凡纳滨对虾壳膜N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAGase。EC3．2．1．52）活力的影响．结果表明,诺氟沙星和磺胺甲嗯唑对该酶活力有不同程度的抑制作用,盐酸环丙沙星对此酶有激活作用,而青霉素钾、链霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、磺胺嘧啶等对酶活力基本上没有影响;磺胺甲嗯唑的抑制作用最为显著,导致酶活力下降50％的抑制剂浓度（IC50）为0．094mg／mL．抑制作用动力学研究结果表明,磺胺甲嚼唑对酶的抑制作用为混合型可逆抑制,其抑制常数K1为5．98mg／mL,对酶-底物络合物的抑制常数K1S为13．08mg／mL．该研究对凡纳滨对虾的人工养殖具有一定的参考价值．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.