手性Betti碱/二乙基锌催化不对称硅氢加成反应

合成了5个Betti碱化合物,利用其作为手性配体,考察了Betti碱/二乙基锌催化剂体系对芳香酮化合物不对称硅氢加成反应的催化性能.     

氮杂冠醚聚合物／二乙基锌催化酮硅氢加成反应

利用环氧氯丙烷,不经过预先聚合,直接与三乙醇胺反应,制得交联的氮氧杂冠醚型聚合物．研究了这类聚合物与二乙基锌配位催化酮的硅氢加成反应．结果表明,该催化剂对芳香酮硅氢加成反应具有优异的催化活性．     

正交试验优化手性镍催化不对称反应条件研究

用正交试验法优化手性镍催化二乙基锌对α，β不饱和酮的不对称麦克尔加成反应条件，优化后的不对称麦克尔加成反应的一般条件为：低温(近反应溶剂冰点)，常压，非质子非极性溶剂(环己烷)．     

高分子载体手性配体在二乙基锌对羰基的加成反应中的应用

综述了近年新发现的用于二乙基锌对羰基的不对称亲核加成反应中的具有较好催化活性和立体选择性的高分子载体手性配体,以及这些高分子载体手性配体的制备方法.     

手性羟基酸或氨基酸及其衍生物催化二乙基锌与苯甲醛对映选择性加成反应

L-乳酸、(S)-扁桃酸和L-缬氨酸以及它们的某些衍生物在反应体系中与Ti(OPr-i)4作用,生成的配合物对二乙基锌与苯甲醛的对映选择性加成反应均有催化作用,化学产率为61.2%～91.5%.在用扁桃酸做催化剂时,产物的光学产率较高,达到58%.     

甲基二氯硅烷与氯丙稀加成反应研究

研究了5 种助催化剂对甲基二氯硅烷与氯丙稀加成反应的影响.发现γN,N二乙基氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷和三乙胺助催化效果较好,可大大地缩短反应诱导期,在2.5h 内即可完成反应.     

新型手性喹啉类催化剂的合成及其在不对称催化反应中的应用

由樟脑和喹啉衍生的手性催化剂在二乙基锌对醛的不对称加成中表现出较好的催化效果,产率最高可达到94.6%,光学产率(e.e.)最高可达到75.9%.在Diels-Alder反应中也表现出了一定的选择性,产率最高可达到90%,e.e.最高达到28.0%.     

非手性添加剂对手性锌催化不对称硼氢化的影响

使用二乙基锌制备手性联萘酚-锌催化剂，用于催化硼烷对苯乙酮的不对称硼氢化，在仅使用30％配体的情况下，对映选择性可达53％ee。在进一步研究非手性添加剂三乙基胺(Et3N)和四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)对该手性锌催化的不对称硼氢化反应的影响时发现，非手性添加剂对手性锌催化的不对称硼氢化有不利影响，这一结果提示手性锌催化不对称烷基化反应与手性锌催化的不对称硼氢化反应有不同的作用机理，为进一步探索不对称催化反应机理提供有意义的信息。     

手性联萘酚催化辛炔与苯甲醛的不对称加成反应研究

手性炔丙醇是合成许多天然产物和药物的重要中间体.报道了手性联萘酚催化辛炔与苯甲醛的不对称炔基锌加成反应,在室温下产物产率为91%,对映体过量为53%,为脂肪炔丙醇的对映选择性合成提供了一个新的方法.     

新的手性氨基二醇催化剂的合成及其催化活性的研究

合成了2种手性氨基二醇催化剂,并对它们进行了结构确定和表征,研究了合成催化剂时所遇到的化学和手性因素等相关问题,催化实验证明,它们对有机锌与醛加成反应有不对称催化作用,其中体积效应圈套 的β-氨基取代二醇有更好的催化作用,且产物的构型与催化剂的构型相同,说明β-氨基取代醇中的羟基在过渡态中起主要作用,它们对其加成反应本身也有催化作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to