聚氯乙烯／超细碳酸钙的研究进展

本综述了近十年来，国内外碳酸钙填充聚氯乙稀(PVC)的研究进展。介绍了碳酸钙的表面处理，微米和蚋米级碳酸钙改性PVC的物理与力学性能。超细CaCO3对PVC有显的增韧效果，少量纳米CaCO3就可使PVC缺口冲击强度达到最大值，而且增韧效果比微米CaCO3的明显。随着蚋米级CaCO3用量增加，PVC拉伸强度提高。轻质CaCO3填充PVC的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率明显降低。轻质CaCO3仅起着填充或降低成本作用，而纳米CaCO3能有效地增韧增强。     

PP/TiO2复合材料的力学性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了PP/TiO2复合材料,并研究了TiO2的表面处理、含量及粒径对复合材料的拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度两大主要力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,钛酸酯类偶联剂能很好地改善TiO2粒子与PP基体的界面相容性,从而使复合材料的力学性能提高;经表面处理后的纳米TiO2所填充复合材料的力学性能明显优于普通TiO2（微米级）;而且处理后的纳米TiO2在填充量为4%时对PP的增强增韧效果最佳.     

增韧增强塑料与纳米载银抗菌材料的研究

增韧增强塑料是在PP塑料中填充纳米级的碳酸钙CaCO3颗粒，以改变塑料的杨氏模量达到增韧增强的作用。纳米载银抗菌材料是纳米级硅基氧化物SiO2-x为银离子提供一个载体。     

纳米SiO2对UV固化涂料性能影响研究

将纳米SiO2加入到环氧丙烯酸酯体系中,配制成紫外光固化涂料;对涂料涂膜的抗冲击强度、附着力、柔韧性、硬度、耐老化性能进行了测试,并对涂膜进行了热重分析．研究表明,涂料性能随着纳米SiO2用量的增加而提高,但当纳米SiO2的用量占总物质质量分数的5％时,再增加纳米SiO2的用量,涂料的某些性能反而下降;纳米SiO2较佳的加量为涂料质量分数的3％～5％,在此范围内,所制得的环氧丙烯酸酯紫外光固化涂料涂膜的硬度达3H,抗冲击强度达4．9N·m、附着力达1级、柔韧性达1mm．光泽度85％～90％、鲜映性8～9级、耐人工老化800h失光率18．7％～23．4％．     

纳米SiO2对硅酸盐水泥性能影响实验研究

初步研究了粒径在纳米级的硅粉(纳米SiO2)的基本性质及纳米SiO2对浆体流动性、水泥凝结时闻、抗压与抗折强度的影响，并利用XRD、SEM等微观手段，分析了其对水泥性能影响的机理．结果表明，纳米SiO2具有良好的水泥适应性，能较好改善硅酸盐水泥的性能，其最佳掺量为胶凝材料总质量的5％～6％。     

无机纳米粒子SiO2增韧增强PVC的性能

通过偶联剂处理及用球磨机混合方法使纳米SiO2在基体均匀分散，制备出纳米SiO2／PVC复合材料。利用冲击、拉伸测试测定纳米SiO2对复合材料力学性能的影响。实验结果表明，纳米SiO2起到了增韧、增强PVC的作用。     

KH-550改性纳米二氧化硅的研究

用硅烷偶联剂KH-550对纳米SiO2样品表面进行改性,测定了改性SiO2样品的亲油化度,并用羟基紫外线吸收法测试了改性效果,对所得纳米SiO2样品的改性效果进行了评价,探讨了纳米级SiO2的改性机理.结果表明,改性剂用量、改性温度、改性时间明显地影响改性效果.通过对改性工艺条件的合理调控,实现了用硅烷偶联剂KH-550改性纳米SiO2样品,找到了合适的改性工艺与条件,所得改性纳米SiO2样品具有较高的疏水性.     

双增韧体系改性双酚A/双酚F环氧树脂的研究

制备了由端羧基液体丁腈橡胶(CTBN)与纳米SiO2相结合的双增韧体系增韧环氧树脂(ER)体系,于室温下固化双组分胶粘剂。通过对甲组分反应温度和时间的分析,以及环氧树脂/增韧剂体系的不同配比等因素的改变,对胶粘剂性能的影响进行逐步优化实验,而后进行剪切强度与冲击强度的测试。     

纳米SiO2对紫外光固化体系性质的影响

将纳米SiO2分散到环氧丙烯酸酯齐聚体紫外光可固化体系，通过紫外光原位固化制得了纳米SiO2／环氧丙烯酸酯复合材料。结果表明：当ω(纳米SiO2)≥3％时，分散体系可稳定贮存，这是由于体系中纳米SiO2与有机基体产生了相互作用，使二者形成一种网络结构，提高了稳定性；复合材料的抗冲击强度提高了3倍多，收缩率减小67．6％；复合材料有一定的透明性，透射波长大于400nm后，透光率大于60％；复合材料中纳米SiO2得到有效的、均匀的分散。     

纳米二氧化硅粒子增韧聚丙烯的研究

研究了纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)粒子对聚丙烯(PP)的冲击强度和拉伸强度的影响,比较了溶液共混法与聚合法的改性效果差异,并从机理上进行了探讨.研究发现:用溶液共混法制备的纳米SiO2/PP复合材料,其冲击强度在纳米SiO2粒子含量为4%左右时达到最大值,约为未经改性的PP材料的8倍;用纳米SiO2粒子改性的PP材料的拉伸强度与未经改性的PP材料基本一致;在相似的工艺条件下,共混法对PP的增韧效果较聚合法显著.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.