PCVD法渗Si的研究

为解决硅含量超过３．５％的硅钢片无法轧制薄片的矛盾,探讨用等离子体化学气相沉积法（ＰＶＣＤ法）,在（０．１－０．３）ｍｍ厚的普通硅钢片表面涂硅,然后进行短时间高温扩散,使硅钢片平均含硅量达６．５％磁性能达到或超过冷轧取向硅钢片性能。     

表面喷丸硅钢的低温渗硅与参数的影响

为了用表面纳米化简化硅钢渗硅工艺及确定渗硅参数的影响,对硅钢进行了喷丸和固体粉末渗硅,用透射电镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射等测试组织、物相和成分.结果表明:硅钢经过喷丸后,表面形成了具有随机取向的纳米晶,平均晶粒尺寸约为10 nm.在硅粉+卤化物中,喷丸样品于550℃即可实现固体渗硅.提高渗硅温度和在较高的温度下延长保温时间均能显著地增加渗硅层厚度,而卤化物含量的影响不大.经过固体渗硅后,渗硅层由Fe Si和Fe3Si两相组成,其中较高的温度和卤化物含量易得Fe Si相,而较低的温度和卤化物含量易得Fe3Si相.     

氢等离子体退火对氢化非晶硅结构有序度的影响

室温下利用氢等离子体退火技术对氢化非晶硅(a-Si：H)薄膜进行处理，通过傅立叶红外、光吸收、拉曼光谱3种测试手段对非晶硅的微结构进行了分析，发现不同的退火时间对a—Si：H的微结构影响很大，氢等离子体在与薄膜的化学反应过程中主要表现为原子氢(H^0)与薄膜的反应．化学势很高的H^0能将Si—Si弱键转变成Si—Si强键．硅网络结构发生弛豫，使结构由无序向有序转变，从而能够降低晶化温度与退火时间．     

TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5化合物的结构和磁性

用X射线和磁性测量研究了Mn替代Fe对TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5型金属间化合物的结构和磁性的影响。X射线衍射表明：TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5(x=1．5，2．0，3．0，4．0，5．0)化合物均为TnMn12型四方结构，晶格常数和单胞体积均随Mn含量增加而增大。磁性测量表明：TbFe10.5-xMnxMo1.5（x=1．5，2．0，3．0，4．0，5．0)化合物的居里温度和过渡金属次晶格磁矩随Mn含量的增加而逐渐降低；x=3．0化合物的热磁曲线上出现一个非零磁矩的类似补偿点；在4．5K温度下，化合物的饱和磁矩随Mn含量的增加而缓慢减小；x=3．0时达到最小值，然后又随Mn含量的增加而迅速增大。     

MnFeP0.5As0.5-xGex化合物磁性的研究

利用X射线衍射、差热分析和磁性测量分析，研究了准二元化合物MnFeP0.5As0.5-xGex(x=0，0．06,0．1，0．2，0．3，0．4，0．5)的结构和磁性．实验结果表明，用Ge替代As，化合物MnFeP0.5As0.5-xGex仍保持Fe2P型结构，居里温度随着Ge含量的增加而上升,可达570K。     

脉冲频率对铌表面熔盐电沉积渗硅的影响

采用熔盐脉冲电沉积法在纯铌表面制备出渗硅层。研究了脉冲频率对渗硅层沉积速率、成分、厚度、组织及相结构的影响,同时考察了渗硅层的高温抗氧化性。结果表明,频率对渗硅层成分无影响。随频率增大,渗硅层厚度和沉积速率均减小。频率由500 Hz增大到1 000 Hz时,渗硅层晶粒变得细小致密;超过1 000 Hz后,晶粒则变得粗大。渗硅层相结构不受频率影响,均由单相NbSi₂组成,并在(110)和(200)晶面上具有择优取向。NbSi₂渗层的存在使得纯铌的高温抗氧化性能得以提高。     

碳钢膏剂渗硅

本文描述了碳钢膏剂渗硅的工艺和理论。介绍了用金相、显微硬度,电子探针分析和X-射线结构分析等方法,测定渗硅层的组织结构及控制显微组织的工艺。在渗硅剂(组成:35—65%硅源粉、5%卤化物、30%防烧结剂)中加入比例大的卤化物,于1100—1180℃时对碳钢进行10—60分钟的膏剂渗硅,可得含硅量约为17.7%(重量)、厚度达0.18—1.2mm的渗层,其渗硅效率比气体法提高约一倍。氧化和腐蚀试验表明:渗硅层在750℃以下能有效地防止循环氧化;在40℃时能耐20%Ⅱ_?SO_4的腐蚀。此法操作简便,易于局部涂渗,渗层表面质量好。     

磁性颗粒膜的铁磁共振

从理论上分析了颗粒膜在铁磁共振（FMR）场以上由于颗粒形状、尺寸、取向、百分含量及温度的效应．分析了斜置共蒸发沉淀而成的CoxAg1-x颗粒膜（百分含量（0．2〈x〈0.85）、体积填充因子以0．17〈f〈0．85））与Hτ的关系，在室温下FMR的Hιτ（f）-f曲线显示，在系统的逾渗点f=fp≈0．3时产生突变，这变化与铁磁（FM）颗粒的聚集增长相关联，这种关联是在f〉fp时与单一超顺磁相（SPM）颗粒比较．另外，对Fe—SiO2颗粒膜其Hτ（f）-f曲线的分析也显示在逾渗点f=fp≈0．28时产生不连续的跃变．磁性颗粒膜的这一性质提供了有效探明第一类磁逾渗材料的相转变途径．     

铜合金渗硅层耐磨性及工艺控制

对铜合金进行固体渗硅的工艺方法和渗硅后铜合金表面行为进行了研究,采用本院研制的渗剂对ＺＱＳｎ６－６－３进行渗硅化学热处理,获得了０．８￣１．２ｍｍ的渗层。探讨了热处理温度、保温时间等工艺参数对渗层厚度和渗层性能的影响,研究了铜合金渗硅层的微观结构,结合粘着理论,磨损剥层理论和晶体结构,揭示了渗硅后提高耐磨性的原理。研究表明,渗硅的控制步骤是硅在铜合金中的扩散,并给出了渗层厚度与温度及保温时间的经验     

渗硅对铜合金耐磨性功效原因初探

对渗硅零件结合引用文献及研究结果，认为晶体结构，层错能，溶质原子的偏聚，金相组织，断裂韧性及动态硬度等方面的改善，是提高渗硅铜合金零件耐磨性能的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.