基于反馈学习粒子群算法的极值搜索控制

将基于反馈学习的粒子群 (Feedback Learning Particle Swarm Optimization,FLPSO) 算法引入极值搜索控制中,并且应用经典跟踪参考信号的方法,进一步改善极值搜索控制的性能.仿真结果显示,算法使系统控制输出平稳,并且系统性能输出快速渐进收敛到最优值,改善了基于格拉姆矩阵设计的极值搜索控制算法中存在的输出震荡问题.     

幅值自适应调节的多变量极值搜索算法

针对传统多变量极值搜索算法达到稳定状态时存在输出颤振的问题,设计了一种利用梯度信息构造的激励信号幅值自适应调节律,该调节律使激励信号幅值随系统趋向于稳定状态时逐渐趋向于零.采用平均化方法构造了平均化系统,证明了幅值自适应调节的多变量极值搜索算法的稳定性,给出了控制器参数的选取条件.对比传统多变量极值搜索算法进行仿真,仿真结果证明:幅值自适应调节的多变量极值搜索算法可有效减弱稳定状态输出颤振,提高稳定性和准确性.     

基于输出反馈的全输入-输出线性化系统的鲁棒渐近输出跟踪

研究一类全输入-输出线性化系统基于输出反馈的鲁棒渐近输出跟踪控制问题,如果一个带扰动的单输入-单输出非线性系统,其标称系统具有相对阶n,则通过系统状态的线性变换,可得到输出反馈控制律.当输出反馈控制律作用于该系统,扰动较小时,跟踪误差能小于设定的界ε*和渐近收敛于零.     

非线性大滞后系统的单神经元模糊预测控制

提出一种单神经元模糊预测PID控制策略,无需对复杂控制过程建立数学模型,只要检测过程的实际输出和期望输出,通过模糊预测控制修正单神经元PID控制规则,即可对非线性大滞后系统实现自适应控制.对于大滞后扰动系统,在稳定性、快速性、鲁棒性方面明显优于常规单神经元PID控制器.仿真结果表明,该方法应用于非线性大滞后系统具有良好的控制品质.     

滑模极值搜索算法与控制器的一体化设计

针对滑模极值搜索算法与控制器采取单独设计会导致系统难以发挥最佳性能的问题,提出在传统滑模极值搜索控制系统中将滑模极值搜索算法与控制器一体化的设计方法,通过建立滑模极值搜索算法与被控对象的一体化模型,运用终端变结构切换面和相应的控制策略,使得极值搜索系统的输出能够在较短的时间内搜寻并稳定于全局最优值.仿真结果验证了此设计方法的有效性.     

多输入极值搜索系统预设性能控制

针对一类多输入极值搜索系统的预设性能控制问题,首先,利用目标函数设计出状态量极值参考轨迹;然后,利用性能函数和误差转换函数构建等效模型,分别针对单输入系统进行预设性能控制器设计;最后,从反演控制的角度逐步选取适当的李雅普诺夫函数设计不确定参数自适应估计律.该方法结构简单,容易实现,使系统在满足预设性能的前提下完成了极值搜索过程,数学仿真验证了方法的可行性.     

一类非线性系统的组合自适应模糊控制

针对一类单输入单输出非线性系统提出了一种稳定的组合自适应模糊控制方法.该方法充分利用被控对象和控制行为知识,采用自适应补偿控制补偿逼近误差,在不要求最优逼近误差平方可积的条件下证明了闭环系统渐近稳定.仿真结果表明提出的方法具有良好的跟踪性能.     

基于模糊神经模型的自适应单神经元控制系统设计

提出一种基于模糊神经模型的自适应单神经元控制系统.该控制系统首先根据采集到的输入输出数据建立被控过程模型,并在此基础上引入单神经元控制器.通过李亚普诺夫方法对控制器参数进行在线调节,从而使得系统输出值能够较快跟踪设定值.理论分析和仿真结果表明:本文提出的单神经元控制器和传统的PID控制器具有极其相似的结构,因此,具有结构简单、易于操作的特点,具有较快的跟踪速度,并且控制参数可以在线调节.     

基于蚁群算法的局部阴影光伏最大功率跟踪算法

针对局部阴影情况下光伏输出曲线非线性和多峰值的特性,提出基于蚁群算法的光伏多峰值最大功率跟踪算法.通过对光伏输出曲线的结构及均匀分布特性的分析,构建蚁群极值寻优过程,对特定区间进行极值点搜索,最后求出最大功率点.仿真表明,该算法能够有效地跟踪全局最大功率点,避免其收敛于局部最优解,与传统全局扫描算法不同,其收敛速度及精度不受光伏曲线形状的影响.     

仿射非线性系统的在线自适应模糊神经网络辨识与控制

针对单输入单输出非线性系统的自适应控制问题,提出了一种在线自适应模糊神经网络辨识与鲁棒控制的方法.该方法首先利用广义模糊神经网络学习算法,实时建立对象模型未知系统的逆动态模型,实现网络结构和参数的同时在线自适应.考虑到网络建模误差和外部干扰的存在,还设计了基于控制理论的鲁棒补偿器.仿真结果表明,该方法能对模型未知仿射非线性系统实现鲁棒输出跟踪.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.