一种新的棉花根系图像阈值分割方法

为了方便实现棉花原位根系的检测,提出了一种自动全局阈值分割方法,用于棉花根系图像分割.采用无损的数码设备成像法对棉花原位根系图像进行采集,使用自动全局阈值分割方法分割图像.该方法首先将采集到的原位根系图像进行空间转换,使采集到的图像在HSV空间下进行分割;然后,通过全局阈值分割的方法选择阈值将图像进行二值化处理,采用闭运算方法对二值图像进行初步降噪;最后,通过形状特征的筛选过滤图像中所有噪声,并筛选出图像中细长的根部特征.本算法可以有效抑制噪声和土壤杂质的影响,能够对根系进行准确地分割,是快速检测作物根系图像的有效办法.     

基于NSCT与形状特征的遥感影像道路提取

提出一种基于非抽样Contourlet变换（NSCT）与形状特征的遥感影像道路提取算法.首先对图像进行非抽样Contourlet变换,得到不同尺度、不同方向上的变换系数,对变换系数进行增强处理并通过反变换得到增强图像;然后对增强图像进行分割处理,利用道路形状特征对分割结果进行道路提取;最后利用光谱特征对提取的道路进行判断,并利用形态学方法对道路网进行规整.对比实验结果表明：该算法取得了较好的高分辨率遥感影像道路提取效果.     

一种基于视觉感知的复合医学图像分割算法

为提高医学图像分割的视觉效果,依据人类视觉感知的分层特性,提出了一种新的复合医学图像分割方法.该方法通过提取医学图像的底层特征,利用Fuzzy-ART神经网络作为像素的分类器,对医学图像进行连续两次分割.实验结果表明,该医学图像分割方法能有效地解决局部信息与整体分布边缘淡化等相关问题,达到良好的分割视觉效果.     

基于信息融合的高炉料面红外图像分割方法

针对高炉料面红外图像特征难以准确提取的问题,提出一种基于多源信息融合和免疫遗传算法的最大模糊熵分割方法.根据专家经验和多源过程检测信息,将高炉料面图像分为高温和低温子图像,采用免疫遗传算法和最大模糊熵分别对子图像进行分割,再将分割后的图像融合.采用国内某钢铁公司高炉炉项摄像机拍摄的图像进行图像分割比较实验.研究结果表明:该方法有效地利用多源信息和高低温图像特征,充分发挥最大熵法分割精度高和受目标大小影响小等优点,通过免疫疫苗接种提高遗传算法搜索最佳阈值的收敛速度;该方法能高效准确地提取高炉料面温度特征,及时发现高炉异常炉况,更符合工业实际应用要求.     

基于蚁群算法的方向特征分割方法

针对翅脉特征的有效提取问题,根据蝶翅图像具有方向性的特点,提出了方向小波变换与蚁群算法相结合的分割方法.该方法首先采用Morlet方向小波变换对不同方向的翅脉边缘进行检测、提取.通过分析这些边缘点的特征参数,确定初始聚类中心.基于所设置的初始聚类中心,再利用蚁群算法对蝶类翅脉图像进行分割.仿真实验表明,该方法可以将各方向翅脉特征检测出来,是一种有效的方向特征分割方法.     

基于小波包框架子带互补特征提取的纹理分割

针对多纹理图像较难准确分割的问题,提出了基于小波包框架子带互补特征提取的纹理分割方法.该方法利用小波包框架对原始纹理图像进行分解,对所得子带系数在每个像素的邻域窗口提取两类特征——平均绝对偏差及子带系数梯度方向直方图的均值与标准差,并利用改进的空间模糊c均值聚类方法对纹理像素进行聚类.由于此方法考虑了像素特征值局部标准...     

多尺度特征融合的图像语义分割

针对多尺度下的目标分割问题,提出了一种多尺度特征融合的图像语义分割方法.该方法改进了空洞空间金字塔池化(ASPP)模块,采用6种不同采样率空洞卷积并行架构增强了对输入图像信息的提取,该模块可以获取多尺度的卷积特征,从而进一步增强图像分割能力.通过在PASCAL VOC 2012数据集上进行训练和验证,达到了82.0%的平均像素准确率和71.9%的平均交并比.实验结果表明:通过改进空间维度上的ASPP模块,该方法可以达到良好的图像语义分割效果.     

二值图像的自动表述

提出了一种通过对图像中物体的边缘进行描述来表征二值图像的方法 .该方法对二值图像进行边缘提取、周线跟踪、特征点提取、边缘分割及曲线匹配 .经处理后的图像由一系列描述物体边缘的数学方程来表征 ,有利于图像数据压缩及重构 .     

结合图像显著与灰度不一致性的目标自动提取

该文将图像过分割技术与图像显著性相结合,提出了一种基于图像显著性与灰度不一致性的目标自动提取方法。该方法可在没有任何人工干预的情况下准确地提取出图像的感兴趣目标。首先,通过像素不一致性因子和邻域不一致性因子确定出图像的不一致性种子点和一致性种子点;然后,使用等价类划分的方法对两类种子点分别进行生长,得到不同的等价类,合并残余类之后得到图像的初分割块;最后由初分割结果结合显著性检测算法提取出完整的感兴趣目标。考虑到像素的局部邻域信息,首次将图像的底层特征——像素的灰度不一致性应用于图像分割,并以此为基础进行目标提取。实验表明,该方法能够有效地实现显著目标的自动提取。     

基于边缘流和区域合并的岩屑颗粒图像分割

边缘流分割算法可利用图像的多种特征进行准确的图像分割,但传统的边缘流分割算法运算复杂度高,容易造成过分割.针对这些问题,作者对边缘流算法进行改进,并提出一种基于边缘流和区域合并的图像分割方法.该方法首先对原始彩色图像进行改进的边缘流分割;再通过曲线演化和边缘连接得到封闭的边缘;最后根据区域颜色相似度对初分割的图像进行区域合并,得到最终的分割结果.实验表明,该方法提高了分割效率,解决了过分割问题,将该方法应用于岩屑颗粒图像分割取得了较好效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-