基于分形理论的爆破地震信号盒维数研究

基于分形理论,针对爆破地震信号的传播规律和特征,建立了其分形盒维数模型,应用这一模型计算出在岩石场地进行深孔爆破试验时所采集的爆破地震信号的分形盒维数值D。通过分析所得的分形盒维数值D的数理意义及其与场地介质的关系,研究爆破地震信号的分形特征。结果表明,爆破震动信号的分形盒数值D可作为描述爆破地震信号一个新的重要参数,该参量能够反映爆破地震波传递介质岩体性质的系统信息。     

分形理论的矿震初至震相识别方法及应用

为更好地进行矿山地震信号识别,以便进一步提高震级计算和定位计算的精度,采用了基于Hausdorff维数的计算方法,分析了矿山地震信号的特征,讨论了分形维判断矿山地震波初至的可行性.研究结果表明:三维情况下Hausdorff分形维数法适合于建立矿山地震波初至的自动拾取方法,结合多台定位法对进行矿山地震定位,垂直方向定位误差均值为4.5 m,两个水平方向定位误差均值为0.4 m,能够满足煤矿安全生产要求.     

分形理论和岩石破碎的分形研究

介绍了分形的基本概念和4种分维数的确定方法,探讨了岩石破碎过程中的分形特征,推导了岩石爆破块度分布和分形维数的关系式,并建立了分维数与爆破参数的关系,从而为爆破参数优化进行块度预报提供了科学依据,为岩石破碎理论的研究提供了新的途径.     

小波多重分形及其在岩石爆破振动信号分析中的应用

在说明仅用一种分形维数来描述岩石爆破振动信号不足的基础上,利用多分形分析的方法对典型岩石爆破振动信号的奇异谱进行分析。给出了基于小波变换的多分形谱计算方法,并将此方法应用到岩石爆破振动信号中,讨论了信号的多分形特征,认为信号的突变主要集中在α<1的奇异指数上,而信号的奇异指数也主要集中在0 .2 8～0 .72之间;并提出了对于岩石爆破振动信号几乎处处奇异的结论     

分形理论和岩石破碎的分形研究

介绍了分形的基本概念和4种分维数的确定方法，探讨了岩石破碎过程中的分形特征，推导了岩石爆破块度分布和分形维数的关系式，并建立了分维数与爆破参数的关系，从而为爆破参数优化进行块度预报提供了科学依据，为岩石破碎理论的研究提供了新的途径。     

一株产纤维素酶的枯草芽孢杆菌 部分生物学特性研究

选用球型压头和十字型压头在RMT-150C岩石力学试验机上对花岗岩分别进行不同加载速率的岩石破碎实验,采用KBD5电磁辐射数据采集系统对岩石破碎过程中产生的电磁辐射信号进行采集处理,应用分形理论分析电磁辐射脉冲数的分形特征.实验结果表明:试件在受载过程中电磁辐射脉冲数与时间具有明显的分形特征,并随加载速率增大电磁辐射信号强度增大,分形维数D也增大,具有很好的相关性;在相同速率的岩石加载破碎条件下,十字型压头电磁辐射分形维数D比球型压头的大,与电磁辐射脉冲信号的强度变化呈相同的规律,利用电磁辐射脉冲信号和分形维数D的相同规律可以更全面地反映岩石的真实破裂过程.     

矿山爆破地震波混沌特征

为研究矿山爆破地震波传播过程中的混沌特性,运用相空间重构理论对距爆源不同距离处爆破地震波进行相空间重构,计算延迟时间和关联维数.研究结果表明:随着传播距离的增加,爆破地震波时间序列的关联维数呈线性递减并趋于稳定饱和值;关联维数越大,混沌特征越明显,爆破地震波时间序列的混沌性是其本质特征.     

静力破碎花岗岩电磁辐射分形特征研究

选用球型压头和十字型压头在RMT-150C岩石力学试验机上对花岗岩分别进行不同加载速率的岩石破碎实验,采用KBD5电磁辐射数据采集系统对岩石破碎过程中产生的电磁辐射信号进行采集处理,应用分形理论分析电磁辐射脉冲数的分形特征。实验结果分析表明：试件在受载过程中电磁辐射脉冲数与时间具有明显的分形特征,并随加载速率增大电磁辐射信号强度增大,分形维数D也增大,具有正相关性;在相同速率的岩石加载破碎下,十字型压头电磁辐射分形维数D比球型压头的大,与电磁辐射脉冲信号的强度变化呈相同的规律,利用电磁辐射脉冲信号和分形维数D的相同规律可以更全面的反映岩石的真实破裂过程。     

基于EMD和形态分形维数的微震波形识别

针对现有矿山微震监测系统信号自动识别难的问题,提出基于经验模态分解(EMD)和形态分形维数的识别方法。首先,采用EMD将原始信号分解为若干个本征模态分量(IMF),选择前5个分量进行重构得到新的信号。其次,求出处理后信号的形态学分形维数,利用微震波形和爆破波形分形维数的差异进行信号识别。对50组微震波形和50组爆破波形进行试验研究。对比未经EMD处理的形态学分形维数以及经EMD处理的盒维数识别结果。研究结果表明:50组微震波形和50组爆破波形在形态学分形维数为1.4时具有较高的识别率;微震波形维数主要在1.4以下,爆破波形维数则基本高于1.4;EMD结合形态学分形维数的识别效果最好,为微震监测波形识别提供了新途径。     

基于分形理论的岩体原生节理分布特征研究—以长河坝水电站为例

由于岩体内部结构面的分布规律具有随机性、复杂性的自相似的特征,可以运用分形理论对其进行研究。通过现场节理调查,描绘了待爆破区域原生节理的分布网络,并统计分析了节理迹长和倾角的概率分布模型;运用盒维数计算方法得出了结构面分布的分形维数D,讨论分形维数D与岩体的工程质量以及结构面分布之间的关系,实现了对岩体的工程性质以及不同尺度结构面的定量对比分析。结果表明:节理面的倾角和迹长分别服从正态和对数正态分布;江咀料场节理分布的分形维数D=1.315,响水沟料场节理分布的分形维数D=1.275,河口料场断层系的分维数D=1.164,可见分形维数D越大,结构面越发育,岩体的工程质量就越差;另外随着调查尺度范围的增大,分形维数D反而减小。研究结果可对分形理论在岩土工程质量评价及节理岩体的爆破块度预测等方面提供参考价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.