软件工程方法述评

对一些流行的软件工程方法,包括结构化方法、形式化方法、面向对象方法、基于构件的方法、基于Agent的方法、基于净室技术的方法、基于敏捷技术的方法等进行了述评,并对软件工程方法的发展趋势进行了初步探讨.     

试论高职院校教师激励方法的三个层次

许多高职院校都在寻找激励教师的有效方法,实际上激励方法是有层次的,对不同的激励对象实施不同的方法会起到更好的效果。三个层次的激励方法,即基本激励方法、特殊激励方法和无形激励方法可针对不同的激励对象实施。     

单体住宅性能的多属性分类综合评价方法

分析了现有的多指标综合评价中的一般常用方法———模糊综合评价方法中所存在的问题 ,根据ABC分类方法的思路提出了一种改进的综合评价方法 ,即多属性分类综合评价方法 ,给出了其分类方法和评价方法 ,最后对 2种方法的特点和使用范围做了对比和分析 .多属性综合评价方法克服了一般常用方法所存在的问题 ,对评价指标的重要性有显著差异的一类综合评价问题 ,此方法更合理 .     

一维电谐振子能量本征问题的代数解法研究

利用精确解方法、升降算符方法、平移算符方法和微扰近似方法推导出了一维电谐振子的定态能量和波函数,结果表明升降算符方法和平移算符方法较精确解方法推导过程更加简洁,微扰近似方法得到的结果与三种方法得到的结果是一致的。     

Bootstrap方法的仿真实现及其在系统偏差估计中的应用

该文研究Bootstrap方法与Bayes Bootstrap方法的原理及在小样本情况下的应用问题.分析了这二种统计方法的原理,给出了总体分布中未知参数的点估计方法和区间估计方法,后采用非参数抽样法,编写C语言程序,实现了Bootstrap方法与Bayes Bootstrap方法的计算机仿真.通过实例分析,给出了射击系统偏差在Bayes Bootstrap方法、Bootstrap方法和经典统计方法下的具体偏差值,得到Bayes Bootstrap方法优于其它二种方法的结论.     

测验Q矩阵的修正方法及其比较研究

在认知诊断评估中,构建正确测验Q矩阵十分关键,但比较困难.该文将确定性输入噪音与门模型下3种在线标定方法(极大似然估计方法,边际极大似然估计方法和交差方法)用于测验Q矩阵修正,并与δ方法,γ方法和最小残差平方和方法进行比较.采用模拟研究验证和比较各方法的表现,研究结果显示:边际极大似然估计方法表现良好,交差方法次之; 项目所考查的属性数目是影响δ方法和γ方法的表现.     

用初值问题方法求常微分方程边值问题的数值解

主要讨论了用初值问题方法的思想求解常微分方程边值问题的几种数值方法 ,包括差分法、打靶法、不动点方法和数值延拓方法 ,并对这些方法进行了对比分析。结果表明 ,用初值问题方法求边值问题是非常有效的 ,特别是不动点方法和数值延拓技术具有工作量小、节省存储单元等优点。     

网球基础训练数据的粒计算方法研究

本文提出网球基础训练数据采集与挖掘的粒计算方法.首先介绍了有针对性的数据采集方法.其次分析了网球训练数据特性的分类方法、粒关联规则挖掘方法、属性选择方法和代价敏感学习方法.最后指出了这些方法涉及的科学技术问题,并给出了可行的解决方案.     

基于嵌入协作的多方法协作优化方法

提出一种基于嵌入协作的多方法协作优化方法。算法采用嵌入方式组织各个优化方法之间的协作,利用优化方法之间的协作效应提高优化性能。进行遗传算法、模式搜索法和Powell法嵌入协作组成的多方法协作优化方法设计。计算实例表明,基于嵌入协作的多方法协作优化方法取得了优于单个优化方法的全局最优特性。     

基于格子流体力学模型的交通拥堵反馈控制方法比较

【目的】寻找抑制拥堵、控制交通排放的可行方案。【方法】在交通流格子流体力学模型的基础上,考虑道路上所有车流对当前车流的作用,构造平均场反馈控制方法;考虑最近邻单元车流量差的正弦变化,提出非线性正弦反馈控制方法,并通过线性分析得出其稳定性条件。最后通过数值模拟验证,对比这两种反馈控制方法,以及考虑最近邻单元流量差的Ge反馈控制方法和考虑下游车流流量差的Redhu和Gupta延时反馈控制方法对抑制交通拥堵的作用。【结果】4种控制方法都能抑制交通拥堵。从数值模拟结果看,控制效果较好为平均场反馈控制方法、非线性正弦反馈控制方法和Ge反馈控制方法;从实际应用的角度来看,非线性正弦反馈控制方法、Ge反馈控制方法及Redhu和Gupta延时反馈控制方法比较容易实现。【结论】控制效果较好且较容易实现的方法为非线性正弦反馈控制方法和Ge反馈控制方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-