PTEN基因在哈萨克族食管癌组织中的表达及意义

通过观察PTEN在哈萨克族食管癌癌组织及相应正常组织中的表达,探讨PTEN基因在哈萨克族食管癌发生中的作用。采用RT-PCR方法检测PTEN基因mRNA在36例哈萨克族食管癌及相应正常组织标本中的表达,选取mRNA水平差异组织标本,采用Western-bolt方法检测其蛋白水平的表达情况。结果显示,PTEN基因mRNA在36例癌组织中有30例表达,阳性率为83.33%。其中癌组织表达量高于相应正常组织(TN)21例,占70%;癌组织表达量等于相应正常组织(T=N)4例,占13.33%;癌组织表达量低于相应正常组织(TN)5例,占16.67%。PTEN基因mRNA在正常组织中表达仅有9例。癌组织与相应正常组织相比,PTEN基因的表达量明显增高。PTEN蛋白的表达在癌组织与相应正常组织中无明显差异。结果表明,PTEN基因的异常表达主要在转录水平,可能不是哈萨克族食管癌发生发展中的主导基因,其对哈萨克族食管癌发生发展过程中的具体作用有待进一步研究。     

宫颈上皮内肿瘤及宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中HPV16感染与hTERT,P21wafl和Ki67表达关系的分析

为了探讨宫颈鳞状细胞癌(SCC)及宫颈上皮内肿瘤(CIN)组织中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16感染及端粒酶反转录蛋白(hTERT)、抑癌基因P21wafl和增生抗原Ki67表达的关系及其意义,在130例正常宫颈组织及宫颈上皮内瘤样病变和宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中,利用组织芯片技术,结合原位杂交技术,检测HPV16感染及结合免疫组织化学技术检测hTERT,Ki67,P21wafl的表达.结果表明:1)CINⅡ级、CINⅢ级、原位癌、浸润性鳞癌组织HPV16杂交信号阳性率显著高于正常宫颈组织(P均＜0.05),浸润性鳞癌HPV16阳性率也显著高于CIN(χ2=5.670,P=0.017).2)hTERT在CINⅡ级、CINⅢ级、原位癌、浸润性鳞癌组织中的表达都显著高于正常宫颈组织(P均＜0.05),浸涧性鳞癌hTERT表达率也显著高于原位癌及CIN(χ2=18.870,P=0.000;χ2=66.390,P=0.000).CIN三级之间相比差异也具显著统计学意义(χ2=30.468,P=0.000).3)P21wafl在浸润性鳞癌组织中的阳性率显著低于正常宫颈组织(P＜0.05),但与CIN相比差异无显著统计学意义(P＞0.05).CIN三级之间P21wafl表达差异也无显著统计学意义(P＞0.05).4)随着宫颈病变组织学严重程度的增加,Ki67表达逐渐增加(P＜0.05).5)HPV16感染率与hTERT表达之间呈正相关(P＜0.05,r=0.339),与P21wafl表达之间呈负相关(P＜0.05,r=-0.337),与Ki67表达无相关性(P＞0.05):hTERT与P21wafl之间呈负相关(P＜0.05,r=-0.248),与Ki67表达呈正相关(P＜0.05,r=0.398);P21wafl与Ki67表达呈负相关(P＜0.05,r=-0.446).可见:在宫颈上皮内肿瘤及宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中,hTERT,P21wafl,Ki67表达改变可能与HPV16感染有关,且几者之间互相作用,共同影响CIN的发展及宫颈鳞癌的发生.这些指标综合分析可能为阐明HPV16的恶性转化机制以及为提高宫颈鳞癌及其癌前病变诊断率提供参考依据.组织芯片技术是高效的研究基因及其表达产物的技术平台.     

高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈鳞癌中γ-干扰素及白介素-10表达的相关性

目的:探讨高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)感染与宫颈鳞癌组织中γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)及白介素-10(IL-10)表达的相关性.方法:选取宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)及宫颈鳞癌组织共81例作为研究组,另选取15例正常宫颈组织作为对照组.采用导流杂交基因芯片技术检测宫颈脱落细胞中HR-HPV的感染状态及分型;应用免疫组化方法检测宫颈组织标本中IFN-γ及IL-10的表达并采用图象分析技术对其阳性表达进行半定量分析.结果:(1)正常宫颈组、CIN组和宫颈鳞癌各组的HR-HPV感染率比较有显著差异(P0.05).(2)正常宫颈组、CIN组及宫颈鳞癌组中IFN-γ阳性表达的IOD值分别为(3.556±1.356)、(3.085±1.081)及(1.617±0.754),经方差分析,组间比较有显著差异(P0.05);IL-10阳性表达的IOD值分别为(3.384±1.310)、(4.381±1.295)及(7.276±1.985),组间比较差异显著(P0.05).(3)在HR-HPV非感染组与感染组中IFN-γ阳性表达的IOD值分别为(3.340±1.053)和(2.481±1.210),IL-10阳性表达的IOD值分别为(3.590±1.350)和(5.772±2.048),两组比较均有统计学差异(P0.05).结论:宫颈局部IFN-γ的表达减弱,IL-10的表达增强,与HR-HPV的感染结局相关.     

Pokemon在人贲门癌中的表达及其意义(英文)

Pokemon基因是一种转录抑制因子,它在癌症发生发展过程中起重要作用.目前已发现Pokemon在人淋巴瘤、乳胶癌、肺癌、结肠癌、前列癌以及膀胱癌中高表达.但是在贲门癌中表达水平未见报道.本研究采用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)和实时定量多聚酶链反应(real-timePCR)方法检测了56例贲门癌(EGJ)和10例正常人贲门组织标本的Pokemon基因mRNA表达水平.结果显示所有组织标本均表达Pokemon.但是肿瘤组织及其配对的远离肿瘤的瘤旁组织Pokemon基因的mRNA表达水平显著高于正常人的贲门组织(P=0.0002,P=0.0069).结果显示Pokemon基因可能对贲门癌的发生发展及致癌性转化有重要作用.     

核干细胞因子在宫颈鳞癌中的表达及意义

采用免疫组织化学方法,分析了57例宫颈鳞癌组织、39例癌旁不典型增生组织及57例正常宫颈黏膜组织中核干细胞因子(Nucleostemin,NS)蛋白的表达.结果显示:NS蛋白在正常宫颈黏膜组织、癌旁不典型增生组织及宫颈鳞癌组织中表达的阳性率依次升高,分别为15.8%、41.0%及71.9%,组间比较有显著性差异(χ2=39.015,P<0.01).此外,NS蛋白的表达与病人年龄和肿瘤直径无关(P>0.05),而与肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移和肿瘤分化具有明显的相关性(P<0.05),提示NS在宫颈鳞癌中的高表达可能与宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展密切相关,NS蛋白检测有望成为新的诊断和治疗宫颈鳞癌的重要指标.     

唾液腺多形性腺瘤及癌在多形性腺瘤中hMSH2、hMLH1蛋白的表达和意义

探讨错配修复基因hMSH2、hMLH1蛋自在唾液腺多形性腺瘤及癌在多形性腺瘤中的表达及意义。免疫组织化学SP法检测涎腺多形性腺瘤27例及癌在多形性腺瘤中蜡块标本22例,共49例标本hMSH2、hMLH1蛋白的表达情况。涎腺多形性腺瘤瘤旁正常组织、涎腺多形性腺瘤和癌在多形性腺瘤组织中hMSH2、hMLH1蛋白表达的阳、性率分别为28．57％和42．86％、96．3％和85．19％及90．91％和86．36％。hMSH2及hMLH1在涎腺多形性腺瘤和癌在多形性腺瘤组织中均表达上调。     

宫颈癌组织中HPV16L1蛋白质的表达及意义

为探讨人乳头瘤病毒(Human papilloma virus,HPV)16 L1蛋白表达与宫颈癌发生与发展的关系,为防治宫颈癌奠定基础。采用收集宫颈癌患者48例、宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(cervcal intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN)患者41例和慢性宫颈炎患者30例石蜡组织标本用于免疫组织化学实验的方法。检测HPV16 L1蛋白在宫颈癌组织、CIN组织和慢性宫颈炎组织中的蛋白质表达状况。HPV16 L1蛋白质免疫组织化学实验的结果显示,慢性宫颈炎组织中阳性率为100%,而在宫颈癌组织中阳性率仅为27.1%,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。慢性宫颈炎组织的阳性率明显高于宫颈癌组织。由此可知,HPV16 L1蛋白质在宫颈原位癌开始表达减少,宫颈浸润癌表达减少更明显,可能可以用于诊断CINⅡ和CINⅢ或CINⅡ和宫颈癌。     

宫颈鳞状细胞癌中联合检测HPV DNA和C-myc基因及E2F1蛋白的研究

为探究高危型人乳头瘤病毒（Human Papilloma Virus,HPV） DNA、C-myc基因及E2F1蛋白在宫颈鳞状细胞癌演进过程中的表达,以及与宫颈鳞状细胞癌临床病理特征的相关性,本研究选取广西医科大学第二附属医院活检及手术切除的宫颈组织石蜡标本,以正常宫颈组织作为对照组,宫颈上皮内瘤变（Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia,CIN）Ⅰ级、Ⅱ-Ⅲ级和宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织为实验组。采用原位杂交技术检测高危型HPV （16,18,31,33,35,39） DNA,以及采用免疫组织化学法检测C-myc基因、E2F1蛋白在不同组织中的表达情况。结果显示,随着宫颈病变加重,HPV DNA、C-myc基因及E2F1蛋白的阳性表达率均呈明显增高的趋势（P<0.05）;HPV DNA与C-myc基因、HPV DNA与E2F1蛋白、C-myc基因与E2F1蛋白之间的表达均呈正相关（P<0.05）;在宫颈鳞状细胞癌中,C-myc基因的表达随着肿瘤分化程度的降低而增高（P<0.05）。综上可知,高危型HPV、C-myc基因及E2F1蛋白与宫颈鳞状细胞癌的发生关系密切,联合检测及适时干预有利于预防宫颈癌的发生。     

人原发性肝癌中p16,p15基因CpG岛甲基化研究

目的　检测人原发性肝癌中 p16和 p15基因 5’启动子区CpG岛的异常甲基化 ,并分析其与人原发性肝癌发生发展的关系 ,探索其在临床早期基因诊断和治疗中的意义 .方法　用敏感的甲基化特异性PCR检测 2 0例人原发性肝癌患者癌组织、癌旁组织和远癌正常组织中p16 ,p15基因5’CpG岛的甲基化状况 ,统计分析这两个基因 5’CpG岛甲基化与肝癌病理特征的相关性 .结果　2 0例原发性肝癌肝癌组织中 p16和 p15基因 5’CpG岛分别有 6 5 %(13/2 0 )和 5 0 %(10 /2 0 )异常甲基化 ;癌旁组织中 p16和 p15基因 5’CpG岛分别有 6 0 %(12例 )和 4 0 %(8例 )异常甲基化 ;远癌正常组织中p16和 p15基因 5’CpG岛分别有 35 %(7例 )和 2 5 %(5例 )异常甲基化 .p16 ,p15基因 5’CpG岛甲基化在癌组织和癌组织旁、癌组织和远癌组织中均有相关性 .两个基因 5’CpG岛异常甲基化与临床病理特征无显著相关性 .结论　p16和 p15基因 5’CpG岛异常甲基化在人原发性肝癌中频率很高 ,可能在肝癌发生发展中扮演了重要角色 ;而...     

p16和HPV基因分型对宫颈上皮内瘤变的诊断价值研究

采用基因芯片技术及免疫组化法,对62例CIN组织(30例CINⅠ、17例CINⅡ、15例CINⅢ)进行HPV基因分型及p16基因表达检测.提示p16基因和HPV基因在宫颈CIN组织中的阳性表达率与对照组相比均有显著差异(P<0.01);p16在正常宫颈中无表达,而随着宫颈病变的进展,p16的表达率显著升高(P<0.01),且与HPV有相关性.表明p16在一定程度上可反映HPV的感染程度,可作为宫颈病变及宫颈癌筛查敏感的客观性指标;HPV联合p16基因检测能显著提高宫颈病变的准确性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.