协方差阵的二次型估计的可容许性问题

设Y的分布为,即Y有密度函数其中X和V>0分别是已知的m×N和N×N阶矩阵,B和Σ>0分别是未知的p×m和p×p阶参数矩阵.本文限制在估计类?中讨论协方差矩阵Σ的估计的可容许性问题,所取的损失函数为??本文的主要结果有:(1)当m=n时,得到了Σ的估计YAY'在?中可容许的充要条件;(2)当m=1或BX=?时,得到了Σ的估计YAY'在?中可容许的充要条件;(3)当X=0时,得到了Σ的唯一的一个在?中可容许的估计;如果把损失函数改为??则在X=0时,存在着一簇Σ的在?中可容许的估计,其充要条件也被得到.本文主要利用凸集、凸函数和方向导数的有关性质,解决上述问题.这与以往文献所使用的方法有所不同,显得较为简单可行.     

多元线性模型中一个协差阵函数的二次估计问题

考虑多元线性模型Y=X_1HX′_2+■,其中■=(ε_((1)),…,ε_((n)))′满足ε_((i)),i=1,…,n独立,ε_((i))～EC_p(0,Σ,φ)即ε_((i))服从椭球等高分布,Eε_((i))=0,Eε_((i))ε′_((i))=(ER~2/p)Σ,其中Σ≥0未知,φ已知且φ(?)Φ_p={φ(·)|φ(t_1~2+…+t_p~2)是一个特征函数},随机变量R≥0,R■φ.在α=ER~4/p(p+2)-(ER~2/p)~2≠0的条件下,对给定的矩阵C=C＇,得出了tr(CΣ)一致(关于Σ≥0)最小方差不变二次无偏估计(简称最优估计)存在的充要条件以及其具体形式.     

增长曲线模型中系数阵的Minimax可容许线性估计

对于增长曲线模型Y=X1BX2′ ε,E(ε)=0,COV(ε)=σ2VΣ,在该模型中,B是回归系数矩阵,选取二次损失函数,在齐次线性估计类L0={MYN:M,N分别为m1×n,p×m2的常数矩阵,MX1=K}中给出了线性可估函数KBL的容许Mini max估计,并且证明了其唯一性.     

线性模型LSE函数刀切估计的渐近正态性

设β为线性模型Y=Xβ+e的LSE,f为-p元函数,本文有如下结果: 若β∈{β:||β-β_0||<ε},??(t=1,…,p)满足Lipschitz条件,E|e_1|~(2+δ)<∞,δ>0;X_t为一有界点列,则有??(Q-Q_0)→N(0,σ~2f'(β_0)~rΣ~(-1)f'(β_0))其中,σ~2=Ee_1~2,Q_0=f(β_0) Q为f(β)的刀切估计.     

广义次对角占优矩阵和次M-矩阵的判定

次对角占优矩阵在计算数学和控制理论中有着相当广泛的应用.本文介绍了广义次对角占优矩阵并运用类比法给出了判定广义次对角占优矩阵和次M-矩阵的新方法.A=(aij)∈Cn×n,N={1,2,…,n},J′(A)={n-I 1| |an-I 1,I|＞Σj≠1|an-I 1,j|=Λn-I 1,I∈N}≠φ,M′(A)为A的次比较矩阵,若存在N1∪N2=N,N1∩N2=φ,有(|an-I 1,I|-α′I)(|an-j 1,j|-β′j)＞α′jβ′I((A)I∈N1,j∈N2),α′I=Σj∈N1j≠1|an-I 1,j|,β′I=Σj∈N2j≠1|an-I 1,j|,则A为广义次对角占优矩阵,M′(A)为次M-矩阵.     

关于x(7,n)n=5,6中的A-最优设计

一、引言设N,n为正整数,N≥n,并设??(N,n)表示所有N×n矩阵X=(x_(ij))_(N×n)的集合,其中x_(ij)=-1,0,1. 定义1 设X_o、Z∈??(N,n),若tr(X'_0X_0)~(-1)≤tr(Z'Z)~(-1)(若|Z'Z|=0,定义tr(Z'Z)~(-1))=∞),则称X_0比ZA一较优.若AX∈??(N,n),有tr(X_0~'X_0)~(-1))≤tr(X'X)~(-1),则称X_0是在??(N,n)中A-最优的. 寻找A-最优的X_0的问题产生于这样的统计背景:假定我们在一架化学天平上秤量     

关于Bellman不等式的注记

本文证明了关于矩阵迹的七个命题:1.trAB≤(trA~2)~(1/2)·(trB~2)~(1/2),A′=A,B′=B,且等式成立A=kB 或B=kA(k≥0)。2.(tr(A+B)~2)~(1/2)≤(trA~2)~(1/2)+(trB~2)~(1/2),A′=A,B′=B.且等式成立A=kB 或B=kA(k≥0)。3.trAB≤tr((A+B)/2)~2,A′=A,B′=B,且等式成立A=B。4.trA~2≤(trA)~2,A 半正定,且等式成立rk(A)≤1。5.trAB≤(trA)(trB),A,B 半正定,且等号成立(?)A=0或B=0或A=kB(k>0)且rk(A)=rk(B)=1。6.tr(AB)~2≤trA~2B~2,A′=A,B′=B,且等式成立AB=BA。7.tr(AB)~2≤(trAB)~2其中A,B 为正定阵.A=TT′,B=QQ′,且等号成立rk(C)≤1,其中C=(T′Q)(T′Q)′。     

不等式约束下的生长曲线模型中线性估计的可容许性

对于带有不等式约束的生长曲线模型：Y=XBZ＋ε,ε~（0,σ2V⊙I）,trNBL≥0,本文在二次损失函数tr（d-KBL）′（d-KBL）下给出了KBL在齐次线性估计类LH和非齐次线性估计类LI中可容许的充要条件.     

默森尼质数的判别法及其构造

得到默森尼 (Mersenne)数为质数的判别法和构造 ,当Mp=2 p- 1为合数时其因数的特征及其因数个数的估计。(1)Mp=2 p- 1为质数的充要条件是 Mp2kp + 1≡ 0　 (mod p)(2 )如果Mp=2 p- 1且Qi|Mp　i=1,2 ,……T那么 12     

向量损失函数下均值向量线性估计的可容许性

在向量损失函数下,讨论了模型(H)EY=XβCovY=Xdiag(β1,β2,…,βn)X′中估计均值向量时,齐次线性估计在L1={LY:L为元素均为非负的k×n矩阵}中的容许性,及非齐次线性估计在L2={LY C:L为元素均非负的k×n矩阵,C为k维元素均严格非负的列向量}中的容许性,并获得了相应的充要条件.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~