消化道穿孔围手术期液体治疗中的正平衡

目的 :探讨消化道穿孔 (DTP)急诊手术病例围手术期液体正平衡与APACHEⅡ评分的关系。方法 :根据APACHEⅡ评分 ,将连续 3 72例DTP病例分为轻症 ( <8分 )、重症 ( 8～ 19分 )和危重病例 (≥ 2 0分 ) 3组 ,比较 3组病例手术前、手术日和术后第 1日的液体正平衡量。结果 :轻症、重症和危重病例术前的液体正平衡量分别为 112 6.91± 414.80mL、2 3 60 .89± 85 7.0 3mL和 3 494.97± 995 .65mL(P <0 .0 1) ;手术日液体正平衡量分别为 2 10 3 .71± 72 8.99mL、40 5 0 .5 6± 10 3 6.3 7mL和 5 743 .95± 12 5 6.2 1mL(P <0 .0 1) ;术后第 1日液体正平衡量分别为 916.81± 5 5 9.62mL、12 11.43± 679.85mL和 15 87.0 9± 73 3 .3 8mL(P <0 .0 1)。结论 :无论是术前、手术当日或术后第 1日 ,DTP病例的液体正平衡量与其APACHEⅡ评分正相关。APACHEⅡ评分可估测DTP病例的液体正平衡量 ,指导其围手术期的液体治疗     

促性腺激素对小鼠腔前卵泡及其卵母细胞体外发育的影响研究

通过使用改良的TCM199无血清培养系统,在96孔细胞培养板中,每孔放入一个腔前卵泡等条件下,探索促性腺激素(FSH、LH)对小鼠腔前卵泡卵母细胞体外生长发育的影响,旨在摸索一套适合小鼠腔前卵泡体外生长发育的培养体系.结果表明:随着浓度的增加,卵泡和卵母细胞的直径都不同程度的有所增长,在卵泡培养的同期相比,卵泡增长值最大组为FSH400+LH200组,而卵母细胞增长值最大组却是FSH400组.从添加物上看,各个实验组与对照组之间,卵泡直径和卵母细胞直径增长值都存在显著性差异(P0.05).随着培养时间的延长,FSH400+LH200组卵泡存活率、成腔率表现为最高,分别为68.6%,47%.从卵泡发生生发泡破裂率和第一极体排出率来看,FSH400+LH200组发生生发泡破裂率高于其他组,为17.6%,但第一极体排出率却低于FSH400组.因此,改良的TCM199无血清基础培养液中联合添加400mIU/mL FSH和200mIU/ML LH效果优于单独添加组的效果.     

新西兰大耳白兔超排前后生殖内分泌激素变化的研究

使用HMG(尿促性腺激素)+hcG(绒毛膜促性腺激素)对30只新西兰母兔进行超排(超数排卵)处理,于超排前后不同时期采集血清标本,测定FSH(卵泡刺激素),LH(黄体生成素),P(孕激素),E2(雌激素)的浓度.结果显示:FSH水平在超排后96h达高峰水平1 83±1 32ng/mL,是超排前的6倍.LH水平在超排后15h达0 19±0 09ng/mL高峰.P浓度在受孕后逐步升高,在超排后96h,P水平达35 07±16 71ng/mL,是超排前的10倍.E2水平超排后也有升高.结果表明家兔超排后生殖内分泌激素有显著性变化,而受孕后可出现高浓度的孕酮.同时也为通过测定激素水平提供了排卵和受孕的早期诊断依据.     

分离方法和卵巢发育状况对猪腔前卵泡分离及体外培养的影响

以直径在200～300μm的腔前卵泡为研究对象，研究了不同分离方法及卵巢不同发育状况对猪腔前卵泡分离及体外培养的影响。结果表明，显微分离法每个卵巢可采集的卵泡数极显著高于剪碎过滤法（24．75±2．99vs2．60±0．35，P〈0．01），显微分离法分离每个腔前卵泡所用的时间极显著低于剪碎过滤法（5．40±0．44vs15．52±1．18，P〈0．01）；有黄体和无黄体的卵巢对卵泡分离的影响差异不显著（26．10±2．02vs24．35±2．32，P〈0．05），但有黄体的卵巢分离的卵泡数稍多于无黄体的卵巢。此外，对两种分离方法分离出的腔前卵泡进行培养研究表明，两种分离方法对卵泡体外生长和存活，以及正常卵母细胞比率均没有显著影响（P〉0．05）。     

GnRH-A免疫母兔对血清LH和FSH浓度的作用

目的：探讨促性腺激素释放激素类似物（GnRH-A）对动物性腺激素分泌的作用与机理,为临床应用奠定基础．方法：以EDC-HCL为偶合剂,将GnRH—A与BSA连接为复合物,制备GnRH—A抗原．24只日本大耳白兔分为四组,在实验I组、实验Ⅱ组和实验Ⅲ组兔子的颈背部分别皮下注射1．0mL（100μg,／mL、100μg／mL和50μg／mL）GnRH—A抗原,实验Ⅱ组和实验Ⅲ组于第3周以相同剂量加强注射一次,在实验的不同时间采血、分离血清,用ELISA法测定促卵泡刺激素（FSH）和促黄体生成素（LH）含量．结果：EG-Ⅱ和EG-Ⅲ的FSH浓度在注射后30d开始升高,至40d达到峰值。EG-Ⅱ和EG-Ⅲ明显高于EG-Ⅰ和对照组及EG-Ⅲ（P〈0．05）,整个实验期间EG-Ⅰ和对照组无显著差异．EG-Ⅱ和EG-Ⅲ的LH注射后不断升高,在40d至峰值（P〈0．05）,此后降低,30d～50d时EG-Ⅱ明显高于EG-Ⅰ和EG-Ⅲ及对照组．结论：兔体内注射GnRH-A可以明显增强LH和FSH的合成与分泌,加强注射效果更明显,而且与注射剂量相关,持续时问为40d左右．     

基因重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子促进创面愈合的临床研究

目的 :观察基因重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (rbFGF)对急性创面和慢性创面愈合的促进作用。方法 :治疗组 (12 82例 )和对照组 (439例 )被分为深Ⅱ度烧伤、浅Ⅱ度烧伤、供皮区 (包括刃厚和中厚供皮区 )和慢性 (包括残余小创面和慢性溃疡 )创面 4大类。分别观察应用rbFGF后不同时间创面愈合面积的百分比、创面完全愈合时间 ,以及用药前后的全身情况和不良反应。结果 :浅Ⅱ度烧伤 8d愈合率和创面完全愈合时间 ,对照组为 5 1 7%± 2 6 4 %和 (12 6± 2 9)d(P <0 0 0 1) ,治疗组为 70 6 %± 2 5 0 %和 (10 5± 2 4 )d(P <0 0 0 1)。深Ⅱ度烧伤 15d愈合率和创面完全愈合时间 ,对照组为 5 3 3%± 2 5 4 %和 (2 1 9± 5 5 )d(P <0 0 0 1) ,治疗组为 6 9 7%± 2 7 0 %和 (18 5± 4 4 )d(P <0 0 0 1)。供皮区创面 8d愈合率和创面完全愈合时间 ,对照组为 5 7 6 %± 2 9 4 %和(11 4± 2 7)d(P <0 0 0 1) ,治疗组为 72 1%± 2 8 0 %和 (9 5± 2 4 )d(P <0 0 0 1)。慢性创面完全愈合时间 ,对照组为 (2 8 0± 18 0 )d ,治疗组 (2 2 1± 16 )d(P =0 0 6 8)。用药前后血常规、肝、肾功能无异常变化。结论 :基因重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子能够显著地促进创面     

Ⅰ型胶原凝胶治疗腹部切口愈合不良60例分析

目的:探讨自制的Ⅰ型胶原凝胶对腹部愈合不良切口的治疗作用。方法:将60例切口愈合不良病例按有无感染配对分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组切口清洗后涂布Ⅰ型胶原凝胶,对照组常规清创换药;记录和比较两组切口新鲜肉芽生长达到2期缝合的时间(肉芽形成天数)和切口愈合的时间(切口愈合时间)。结果:无感染切口的平均肉芽形成和切口愈合时间,治疗组(20例)分别为(3 1±0 9)d和(10 4±1 4)d,对照组(20例)分别为(6 4±1 0)d和(13 3±1 8)d,两组差异有显著性(P<0 01);有感染切口的治疗组(10例)分别为(4 2±0 4)d和(12 3±2 5)d,对照组(10例)分别为(7 0±0 5)d和(15 6±2 8)d,两组差异有显著性(P<0 01)。结论:I型胶原凝胶具有促进腹部愈合不良切口肉芽生长的作用,可加速切口愈合。     

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸椎间盘胶原的异常代谢模式

探寻青少年特发性脊柱侧凸 (简称AIS)患者侧凸区椎间盘胶原代谢模式的异常 .实验组为顶椎为腰椎的特发性脊柱侧凸患者 2 0例 ,其中男性 4例、女性 1 6例 ,年龄 1 2～ 1 9岁 (平均 1 4 .5岁 ) .术前Cobb角 38°～ 90°,平均 60°.1 5例同年龄段先天性脊柱侧凸为对照组 .标本取自脊柱侧凸前路手术 ,取材节段为L1～L2和L2～L3 .该取材节段在实验组为侧凸顶椎区 ,而在对照组则为侧凸的下终椎区 ,胃蛋白酶 -乙酸 (0 .5mol/L)体系提取胶原组织 ,SDS -聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法及抗原抗体Western印记法进行胶原的分类和定量测定 .在GelWork图像分析系统中进行泳道的对比定量分析 .分别计算病变组和正常组纤维环和髓核中Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型胶原含量的均值和标准差 (X±s) ,并对正常组和病变组之间差异进行显著性t检验 .结果显示AIS椎间盘纤维环和髓核含水量与对照组相比显著下降 .Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型胶原在纤维环中的含量在AIS的凹侧明显低于凸侧且有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5) ,和对照组相比较 ,Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型胶原的含量也有显著下降 (P <0 .0 1 ) .Ⅰ型胶原在AIS椎间盘的髓核中有升高 ,而Ⅱ型胶原在髓核的凹侧凸侧没有明显的差异 ,但是和对照组相比较含量显著降低 (P <0 .0 5) .本实验所采用的胶原提取和定量分析方法具有直观性和精确性     

小鼠腔前卵泡无血清体外培养的研究

目的:探索添加物维生素C和促性腺激素对小鼠腔前卵泡卵母细胞体外生长发育的影响及适合小鼠腔前卵泡体外生长发育的培养体系.方法:通过改良的TCM199无血清培养系统,在96孔细胞培养板中,每孔放入1个腔前卵泡等条件下体外培养腔前卵泡卵母细胞.结果:随着培养时间的延长,各组卵泡和卵母细胞的直径都不同程度的有所增长,其中FSH400+LH200组和VC50+FSH400+LH200影响均大于VC50和对照组,存在显著性差异(P0.05),但二者之间无显著性差异.FSH400+LH200质量浓度组卵泡存活率、发生GVBD率和第一极体排出率均最高,分别为68.6%、17.6%、9.8%.但VC50+FSH400+LH 200组卵泡成腔率最高,为48%.结论:在改良的TCM199无血清培养系统中,联合添加促性腺激素和抗氧化剂后,卵泡成腔率大有提高,卵泡存活率、发生GVBD率和第一极体排出率仅次于单独添加促性腺激素组.     

糖尿病(DM)不同阶段胃动力紊乱研究

目的　探讨糖尿病 (DM )在不同阶段胃动力紊乱产生的规律 .方法　已确诊糖尿病病人 2 7例 ,糖尿病病人按其有无胃肠症状及其他糖尿病合并症分为两组 ,有胃肠症状同时伴有其他糖尿病合并症组 18例 ,无胃肠症状组 9例 ,同时选 2 0例正常人作对照 .用核素法对糖尿病 (DM )不同阶段胃排空功能的变化进行观察 .结果　有胃肠症状或合并其他脏器并发症的DM病人 12 0min近端胃存留率为 (33.72± 3.6 ) % ,较正常人 (2 3.16± 2 .0 2 ) %(P =0 .0 8)及无胃肠症状DM病人 (17.5 4± 3.0 8) % (P <0 .0 0 5 )增加 ,全胃和近端胃t1/2 分别为 (91.4 6± 9.2 8)min和 (81.87± 8.2 4 )min ,比正常人的 (5 5 .7± 3.6 8)min(P <0 .0 0 5 )和 (5 0 .2 9± 3.5 1)min(P <0 .0 1)明显延长 ;早期无胃肠症状或仅有轻度三多一少症状的DM病人的近端胃排空速率为 (1.10± 0 .12 ) % ,与正常人 (0 .0 8±0 .0 4 ) %相比明显增加 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,12 0min近端胃存留率为 (17.5 4± 3.0 8) % ,与正常人的 (2 3.16± 2 .0 2 ) %比较明显减少 (P =0 .0 6 ) .结论　不同阶段糖尿病患者胃排空功能状态不同 ,DM胃排空异常可能从近端胃开始     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.