六次甲基四胺络铜的微波固相合成及应用

在微波辐射条件下研究五水硫酸铜与六次甲基发的固相配位化学反应，发现微波辐射条件下的固相配全化学反应与传统加热条件下的固相配位反应相经速度大大提高，并找出了铜（Ⅱ）－六次在四胺配合物的最佳合成条件，将六次在四胺络铜用于水稻细菌性条斑病 的防治试验，较好。     

微波辐照对酯化反应的作用机理

通过乙二醇单乙醇和醋酸的酯化反应，研究了微波辐照对酯化反应的作用机理．利用微波辐照与常规加热两种方法，对介质回流温度前后两个阶段反应的结果作了对比，从而得出微波对酯化反应有明显的加速作用，其加速作用实质是提高反应介质的升温速率．在实验条件下，微波提供给反应体系的能量是热能．     

微波辐照对醌化反应的作用机理

通过乙二醇单乙醚和醋酸的化反应，研究了微波辐照对酯化反应的作用机理，利用微波辐照与常规加热两种方法，对介质回流前后两个阶段反应的结果作了对比，从而得出微波对酯化反应有明显的加速作用，其加速作用实质是提高反应介质的升温速率，在实验条件下，微波提供给反应体系的能量是热能。     

磺化酞菁铜L-B膜的制备及紫外可见吸收光谱

研究磺化酞菁铜（ＣｕＴｓＰｃ）Ｌ－Ｂ膜的制备方法,并利用紫外可见吸收光谱研究它的结构。结果表明：磺化酞菁铜（ＣｕＴｓＰｃ）是具有独特的平面分子结构的非两亲性长链分子,可采用静电相互作用来制备这种Ｌ－Ｂ膜。（ＣｕＴｓＰｃ）Ｌ－Ｂ膜中的磺化酞菁铜分子主要以面对面的二聚体形式存在,磺化酞菁铜分子平面按平行于载片平面的方式排列。     

微波诱导催化交换氟化合成对氟硝基苯

该文研究了微波辐射和常规加热下卤素交换氟化合成对氟硝基苯的方法，提出了共沸干燥和微波干燥制备无水KF的方法。结果表明，于微波辐射下，用微波干燥KF为氟化剂，在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵存在下于DMSO中反应2．5h可得90．2%的产率，反应速率是常规加热的2．4倍，产率由86．8％提高到90．2％，以喷雾干燥KF为氟化剂，则产率可达92．2％。     

嵌接式酞菁材料合成及其双氧水体系催化性能

采用苯酐尿素在位合成新途径进行金属酞菁配合物嵌接式层状锑磷酸材料的合成制备工作。通过X射线衍射和红外光谱对在位反应过程及纯化材料进行了考察研究。用双氧水体系考评铁酞菁配合物嵌接式层状锑磷酸和钴酞菁配合物嵌接式层状锑磷酸材料的催化性能。     

微波常压下快速合成4-烷氧基苯乙酮

报道了在微波辐射条件下, 以卤代烃和对羟基苯乙酮为原料, 合成了4 烷氧基苯乙酮, 并研究了微波输出功率, 辐射时间以及不同溶剂对反应速度及收率的影响, 同时与常规加热方式下进行的反应收率做对比. 为进一步研究微波技术在有机合成中的应用以及苯乙酮类化合物的制备均具有一定价值.     

微波辐射下交联壳聚糖树脂的制备及其吸附性能

在稀醋酸溶液中，微波辐射下壳聚糖与Zn^2 反应制备了壳聚糖Zn^2 配合物，然后将制得的配合物与环氧氯丙烷在微波辐射下进行交联反应后，用稀酸除去Zn^2 ，合成了具有Zn^2 离子孔穴的交联壳聚糖树脂。实验考察了该树脂对一些金属离子的吸附性能，并对影响树脂吸附性能的因素进行了研究。     

歧化松香胺席夫碱-铜配合物催化漆酚氧化聚合的研究

研究了歧化松香胺席夫碱-铜配合物的合成及其对漆酚氧化聚合反应的催化性能。用歧化松香胺和水杨醛反应,生成席夫碱,再与醋酸铜反应,制备席夫碱-铜配合物。讨论了该配合物作为催化剂,催化漆酚氧化聚合反应时,催化剂浓度、时间、底物浓度以及温度对漆酚氧化聚合反应的影响。结果表明,氧化聚合反应的理想条件是以乙醇为溶剂,加入3%歧化松香胺席夫碱-铜配合物催化剂,漆酚浓度为0.068 8 g/mL,在30℃下反应36 h后, 漆酚聚合物的沉淀得率为51.3%。     

苯氧乙酸铜的微波固相合成及应用

在微波辐射条件下研究了乙酸铜与苯氧乙酸的固相配位化学反应,发现微波辐射条件下的固相配位化学反应比传统加热条件下的固相配位化学反应的反应速度加快了４至２８倍,采用单变量法找出了反应的最佳条件,结果表明,在微波功率为８０Ｗ,照射时间为１５ｍｉｎ,乙酸铜与苯氧乙酸物质的量比为１：２的条件下,产率量高。将铜盐、配体和配合物用于柑桔溃疡病菌的抑菌试验。结果表明,硫酸铜完全抑制病菌生长的最低浓度为１１０ｍｇ／     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to