超磁致伸缩换能器的声辐射特性

对超磁致伸缩大功率换能器的声辐射振动特性进行了理论分析与实验研究,将在一定预压应力下处于阶跃段的磁致伸缩棒简化为磁场强度与磁致伸缩应变的单输入单输出的线性系统·以静态试验数据为基础,建立等效的动态磁致伸缩模型·对指数形变幅杆的设计进行了理论分析和讨论,着重计算与设计了相关的振速分布、应力分布、振幅放大系数及节面位置等参数,测试中发现超磁致伸缩换能器频率范围较宽·试验得到了影响换能器发射声波主频率和最大振幅的若干参数·提高换能器的电声转换效率,增大换能器的发射功率的有效途径是选择合理辐射面质量和配重质量之间的比值,使能量流向辐射面一侧·所得结果可以为进一步优化超磁致伸缩换能器提供设计参考·     

超磁致伸缩换能器的非线性特性

建立了超磁致伸缩换能器的等效动力学模型,应用Green函数得到了换能器的固有频率值,导出了超磁致伸缩换能器非线性振动响应的近似解析式·通过数值模拟,发现了超磁致伸缩换能器振动系统具有复杂的分叉和混沌行为·     

超磁致伸缩换能器几何非线性特性分析

针对超磁致伸缩材料存在的换能器碟簧非线性刚度特性,建立了具有碟簧刚度的平方和立方非线性特性的超磁致伸缩换能器复合非线性数学模型.应用多尺度法得到了超磁致伸缩换能器几何非线性振动系统响应的解析解和频响特性表达式.计算了其有无切削力两种情况下的数值解和解析解,并分析比较了其数值解和解析解的时域波形,同时得出了实际磁性参数下的频响关系曲线,分析了外界激励f值、压磁系数d33和磁导率μ3T3对频响关系式的影响.结果表明:数值解和解析解的时域波形基本一致,满足实际要求.外界激励f值、压磁系数d33和磁导率μ3T3对超磁致伸缩换能器的频响特性有明显影响,并且是研究换能器非线性刚度特性必须考虑的.     

超磁致伸缩超声换能器设计分析

基于超磁致伸缩材料设计了一种超声换能器,推导了超声振子的频率方程,并且用ANSYS有限元软件对换能器的关键部件进行了动力学分析,得到了关键部件的模态和谐响应特性,验证了设计方法的可行性.对振动系统进行了静态磁场和谐波磁场分析,结果表明:增加磁回路中导磁材料的磁导率可以增加超磁致伸缩棒的轴向磁场强度和磁场均匀度,但当材料的相对磁导率大于1 000时,轴向磁场强度和磁场均匀度的增加幅度逐渐趋于平衡;在高频激励下,超磁致伸缩棒呈现出了严重的电涡流效应,严重限制了其驱动性能,必须对超磁致伸缩棒进行处理.     

超磁致伸缩材料的特性参数测量

超磁致伸缩材料（GMM）是一种新型的功能材料,其磁致伸缩系数与磁场强度、温度、压力等有关。以超磁致伸缩高速响应电磁阀的研究为背景,介绍超磁致伸缩材料特性参数的测量方法,及适用于超磁致伸缩材料特性参数测量的测试装置。     

超磁致伸缩材料的特性参数测量

超磁致伸缩材料（GMM）是一种新型的功能材料,其磁致伸缩系数与磁场强度、温度、压力等有关。以超磁致伸缩高速响应电磁阀的研究为背景,介绍超磁致伸缩材料特性参数的测量方法,及适用于超磁致伸缩材料特性参数测量的测试装置。     

超声波精密切削基本特性的研究

在论述超声波振动切削特点的基础上，指出国内目前所使用的磁致伸缩换能器存在的问题，从而提出用新型电致伸缩超声波车削装置代替现有的磁致伸缩超声波车削装置进行精密切削的新方法。并用新型超声波车削装置进行了较系统的试验研究，得出超声波精密切削的基本特性．     

超磁致伸缩执行器驱动磁场理论分析与实验研究

在分析超磁致伸缩材料的驱动原理和超磁致伸缩执行器结构的基础上,重点对执行器内部的驱动磁场进行了理论分析和实验研究,得出了超磁致伸缩执行器驱动电流与超磁致伸缩棒的驱动磁场之间存在一定的非线性和滞回的结论。并分析了其产生原因,为进一步提高超磁致伸缩搪行器的性能奠定了基础。     

国内外超磁致伸缩材料及作动器的研究

超磁致伸缩作动器具有推力强、反应快和分辨率高等特点,在精密定位、精密驱动、机器人、微型阀等领域展现了广阔的应用前景本文在介绍超磁致伸缩材料及其应用的基础上,分析了国内外超磁致伸缩作动器的研究动态、应用状况等,并对几类超磁致伸缩作动器的原理、结构进行了阐述,最后提出了超磁致伸缩作动器的四个研究方向。     

超磁致伸缩力传感器及其实验研究

基于磁致伸缩逆效应原理,以超磁致伸缩棒为敏感元件研究了一种具有高灵敏度的新型超磁致伸缩力传感器,通过集成在结构内部的霍尔传感器测量磁通密度来实现静态力的测量.同时,为了提高传感器的测量灵敏度,提出了一种安装在霍尔传感器周围的不锈钢钢环的特殊结构.给出了超磁致伸缩力传感器的测量原理和设计过程,并通过实验研究确定了偏置磁场、预紧力和超磁致伸缩棒的尺寸等因素对传感器输出特性的影响规律,分别得到了传感器工作的最佳偏置磁场和预紧力,为超磁致伸缩力传感器的深入研究和精确控制提供了一种技术途径.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.