基于自然语言理解的书本知识获取系统TKAS

利理自然语言理解技术，研究了由书本获取知识的方法，并研制了－个面向领域 的书本知识获取的实验系统ＴＫＡＳ（Ｔｅｘｔ Ｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅ Ａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）． ＴＫＡＳ在给定领域中，通过基于自然语言理解来达到有效的正文知识的获取，并用命 题语义网络作为其内部知识表示形式。该系统可作为智能系统开发过程中知识获取的 辅助工具。     

自主式足球机器人的信息与知识传播

进行信息与知识的传播 ,既有助于机器人获得“智能成长”能力 ,又有助于提高多机器人协作性能 .阐述了实现信息和知识传播的两个方面要求 :一是要进行信息与知识传播 ,足球机器人智能系统需要满足什么样的条件 ,如知识的表示形式、系统架构等 ;二是足球机器人进行信息与知识传播的合理规程 .针对智能系统架构的设计 ,提出了机器人智能系统是由一个个知识模块构成的思想观点 .     

用结构化询问语言数据库合成智能系统

智能系统广泛应用于各种知识领域中。每个智能系统都有它内在的承受力和局限性 ,现在人们趋向于将多个智能系统合成起来。这种合成不仅能提高单个智能系统的承受力 ,还能减少它们的缺陷。在本文中 ,提出了这样一种方案 :1 )将智能系统和数据库联系起来 ;2 )将结构化询问语言 (SQL)数据库作为连接器 ,使得多个智能系统组合在一起 ,从而形成实时分布式混合应用。     

用前向神经网络获取特定结构的规则知识

介绍一种用前向神经网络来获取特定结构的产生式规则知识的方法，这些规则知识既可以用于解释神经网络的行为，又可以用于问题求解，获取的产生式规则知识可以是任意形式的，也可以是包含多个推理步的多级推理链知识，而且具有所需的易于理解的特一表达结构，另外，文中还提出了解决智能系统形成过程中知识不断增长问题的方法，大量的逻辑表达式学习实验结果表明，文中获取规则知识的方法是有效的。     

模糊智能系统开发环境的设计与实现

研究了模糊智能系统的建模过程，结合模糊逻辑和知识工程等理论和方法，提出了一种利用模糊知识建立智能系统的可行途径，并依照此思想设计和实现了基于模糊知识的智能系统开发环境。同时提出了一种基于平台无关的XML和Java的异构知识表示方法；扩展了传统的Mamdani推理模型，在推理控制策略上选择了反向推理和回溯算法；并设计了窗口命令的方式实现与用户之间的交互。     

农业专家系统在新疆兵团的应用

农业专家系统,也叫农业智能系统,是农业信息技术中的一项重要技术,它是将人工智能的知识工程原理应用于农业领域的一项高新技术,它是运用知识表示、推理、知识获取等技术,总结农业专家的宝贵经验、实验数据及数学模型,建造起来的计算机农业软件系统。它具有独立的知识库,智能化     

面向知识图谱的多语言电子商务智能系统研究

面向知识图谱的多语言电子商务智能系统,是针对新丝绸之路经济带特定领域以汉语、藏语、蒙古语、维吾尔语、英语等多语言民族特色农产品电子商务的统一平台构建,在此基础上解决新丝绸之路经济带多语言关联的自然语言处理问题.通过绘制多语言知识图谱库并将其应用于多语言商品信息展示,同时结合知识图谱的多源知识关联来实现复杂数据分析及精准推荐,根据买家属性向用户智能推荐相关产品,实现基于深度学习的以汉语为核心的多语言智能分析推荐功能.     

基于遗传算法Fuzzy规则自动获取

为了实现Ｆｕｚｚｙ规则自动获取，进而坑性能智能系统和解决智能系统中的“瓶颈”问题，提出了利用遗传算法自动获取模糊规则的方法。定义了个体评估函数，说明了Ｆｕｚｚｙ规则以及遗传算法的组合优化的能力，计算机模拟结果表明这种方法有效地获取Ｆｕｚｚｙ规则。     

智能系统集成开发平台ISIDP的实现与应用

介绍了国家“863”智能化农业信息技术应用示范工程项目中的“智能系统集成开发平台（ISIDP，Intel-ligence System Integrated Developing Platform）”的设计与实现，应用ISIDP提供的强有力的集成化平台级支持，开发了一批面向不同生产领域的农业专家系统，在实践中取得了较好效果。     

科技孵化企业聚集知识溢出效应的理论分析

阐述了科技孵化企业知识溢出效应的内涵与机理．在企业知识分类的基础上，运用新经济增长理论的知识溢出理论建立技术企业聚集的生产函数，并分别对不同技术领域企业、同技术领域非竞争企业和同技术领域竞争企业3种类别科技孵化企业聚集的知识溢出效应进行了理论分析和推导．结果表明，同技术领域非竞争企业聚集更有效率，从理论上证明了相对宽泛的专业孵化器更有效的命题，为企业孵化器的建设并深化其服务提供了理论依据．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to